Identification of anthracnose races in Manitoba and Ontario from 2005 to 2015 and their reactions on Ontario dry bean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
Greg J. Boland ◽  
Chris L. Gillard ◽  
Yongyan Chen ◽  
Xuechan Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
New Races ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara, is one of the most destructive diseases of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the world. Between 2005 and 2015, commercial fields of dry beans in Manitoba and Ontario were surveyed to determine the frequency of occurrence of races of the anthracnose fungus. Throughout the study, race 73 was most prevalent in Manitoba and Ontario. However, three anthracnose races not previously reported in Canada also were identified. These three new races and four previously identified anthracnose races were used to screen 52 dry bean cultivars, as well as a mung bean and azuki bean cultivar from Ontario, for their seedling reactions to determine their patterns of race resistance. The dry bean cultivars were classified into a total of 19 resistance spectra based on the pattern of seedling reactions to the seven anthracnose races. The most common resistance spectrum was susceptible to the majority of the anthracnose races and no cultivar was resistant to all of the races. Many bean cultivars produced intermediate anthracnose ratings to races 31 and 105 and tests of 16 dry bean cultivars against those races indicated that all cultivars with intermediate ratings to a specific race were segregating in their seedling reactions and none of the cultivars produced plants with only intermediate anthracnose severity ratings. This study provides new information on the anthracnose reactions of common bean cultivars in Canada, which should be useful for the development of new bean cultivars with durable resistance.

AC CALMONT common bean

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Park ◽  
J. C. Tu ◽  
T. Rupert
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Red Kidney Bean

AC Calmont is a high-yielding dark red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with medium-full season maturity in Ontario. Its main advantages are high yielding potential and disease resistance. Seed has acceptable cooking/canning quality. AC Calmont is resistant to alpha, alpha Brazil and delta races of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and is resistant to bean common mosaic virus races 1 and 15. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, dry bean, cultivar description

Transmission of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with artificial and natural inoculum in a wet and dry canopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-921
Author(s):  
Erin LeClair ◽  
Robert Conner ◽  
Darren Robinson ◽  
Chris L. Gillard
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Inoculum Source ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Natural Incidence

LeClair, E., Conner, R., Robinson, D. and Gillard, C. L. 2015. Transmission of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) in dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with artificial and natural inoculum in a wet and dry canopy. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 913–921. Anthracnose [Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magn.) Lams. – Scrib.] is a serious pathogen of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Disease transmission on artificial materials and clothing has been observed in other crops, where equipment and workers transmit pathogens from infected to clean plants. Initial studies in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON, determined that anthracnose transmission in dry bean as measured by resultant disease severity occurred with denim, leather, metal, and rubber using a 107 spores mL−1 prepared artificial spore inoculum in both wet and dry crop canopies. In 2012 and 2013 at Morden, MB, and Ridgetown, ON, the studies were expanded by adding a 105 spores mL−1 prepared artificial and a natural inoculum source. Inoculum source and canopy moisture had the greatest effect on disease severity, while no differences were observed between materials within an inoculum sources. Transmission in wet canopy conditions resulted in a higher infection rate. Canopy moisture impacted the natural inoculum the most. The 107 spores mL−1 inoculum transmitted the most disease followed by natural incidence and 105 spores mL−1 inoculum in wet conditions. In dry conditions 107 spores mL−1 inoculum transmitted the most disease followed by 105 spores mL−1 inoculum and natural incidence. Producers need to recognize that there is real risk for the anthracnose transmission by common materials in dry bean, and take appropriate precautions to prevent it.

scholarly journals Influence of Tillage Practices on Anthracnose Development and Distribution in Dry Bean Fields

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ntahimpera ◽  
H. R. Dillard ◽  
A. C. Cobb ◽  
R. C. Seem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Over Time

Three tillage practices—chiseling, rototilling, and moldboard plowing—were evaluated in 1993 and 1994 to determine their impact on initial disease development, distribution, and progression over time in a field of the susceptible kidney bean cultivar Horizon. The tillage treatments were administered in the spring in a field infested in 1992 with the bean anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race β. Initial disease incidence was highest in the chiseled plots, where more bean debris was left on the surface than in the other treatments. Significantly higher final disease incidence and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) occurred in the chiseled plots than in the rototilled and moldboard plowed plots. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.75) between the percentage of debris left on the surface and subsequent disease incidence on pods in the field. Anthracnose incidence or severity in the field was highly correlated with disease incidence on harvested pods (r values ranged between 0.87 and 0.98). Results from the ordinary runs analysis showed that anthracnose occurred randomly within the field early in the season, indicating that initial inoculum was from bean debris within the field. Later in the season, plant-to-plant spread resulted in a more clustered distribution of diseased plants.

Bolt common bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Khanal ◽  
Terry Rupert ◽  
Alireza Navabi ◽  
Thomas H. Smith ◽  
Thomas E. Michaels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
High Yield Potential

The breeding line ACUG10-1 named as Bolt (CFIA registration no. 7366) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is resistant to anthracnose [caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus)] with an upright plant architecture, suitable for direct harvest and high yield potential. Bolt is recommended for the dry bean growing areas in southwestern Ontario.

scholarly journals Effect of harvest date and seed type on green-shell and dry bean yield

1969 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
James S. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Red Line

In Puerto Rico, harvesting beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) near physiological maturity enhances the value of the crop. Whole-pod yields greater than 5,000 kg/ha were obtained from bean lines harvested about 65 days after planting. Whole-pod yields of the white bean cultivar Arroyo Loro were equal to or greater than those of bean breeding lines with different seed types. However, the green-shell seed yield of the small red line DOR364 was greater than that of Arroyo Loro. The small red line DOR364 achieved greater green-shell seed yields by partitioning a greater portion of wholepod weight into green-shell seed weight. Whole pod and green-shell bean yields were more consistent over years and locations than dry bean yields. Whole pod yields of beans harvested at the green-shell and semi-dry stages of development were similar, thus suggesting that harvest could be delayed as much as one week after the appearance of the first brown pod without losing green-shell bean yield.

scholarly journals Variabilidad patogénica de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum y resistencia en germoplasma de Phaseolus vulgaris L. de Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Rodríguez-Ortega ◽  
Laura Vega-Jiménez ◽  
Ángel Rubén Murillo-Ilbay ◽  
Eduardo Peralta-Idrovo ◽  
Juan Carlos Rosas-Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most economically important diseases of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation in Ecuador. The best control alternative is the use of resistant varieties. C. lindemuthianum presents great pathogenic variability, which hinders the development of varieties with a lasting resistance, therefore, the knowledge of the presence and distribution of the physiological races of the pathogen and the identification of resistance genes are key to developing varieties with broad and lasting resistance. The objective of this research was to determine the pathogenic variability of C. lindemuthianum and to evaluate the resistance of Ecuadorian bean germplasm. The research was carried out between 2013 and 2014. Seventeen isolates of C. lindemuthianum from northern central Ecuador were characterized by the inoculation of a group of twelve standard differential bean varieties. Among the analyzed samples, thirteen races were identified; five of those races had not been previously reported in the country. The differential G2333 (Co-42, Co-52 and Co-7) presented resistance to every characterized races in Ecuador. In addition, twenty - one improved varieties and elite bean lines were evaluated with sixteen of the seventeen isolates, three genotypes were identified (TB2, TB3 and INIAP 485 Urcuquí) with resistance to the mentioned isolates, which can be used as sources of resistance to Anthracnose. The identified sources of resistance in this study will allow to plan the development of bean varieties with broad and durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

scholarly journals Identification of a RAPD marker linked to the Co-6 anthracnose resistant gene in common bean cultivar AB 136

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin ◽  
Henrique Menarim ◽  
José Mauro Chagas ◽  
Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros ◽  
Maurilio Alves Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Gene Pyramiding ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Common Bean Cultivar

The pathogenic variability of the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum represents an obstacle for the creation of resistant common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties. Gene pyramiding is an alternative strategy for the development of varieties with durable resistance. RAPD markers have been proposed as a means to facilitate pyramiding of resistance genes without the need for multiple inoculations of the pathogens. The main aims of this work were to define the inheritance pattern of resistance present in common bean cultivar AB 136 in segregating populations derived from crosses with cultivar Rudá (susceptible to most C. lindemuthianum races) and to identify RAPD markers linked to anthracnose resistance. The two progenitors, populations F1 and F2, F2:3 families and backcross-derived plants were inoculated with race 89 of C. lindemuthianum under environmentally controlled greenhouse conditions. The results indicate that a single dominant gene, Co-6, controls common bean resistance to this race, giving a segregation ratio between resistant and susceptible plants of 3:1 in the F2, 1:0 in the backcrosses to AB 136 and 1:1 in the backcross to Rudá. The segregation ratio of F2:3 families derived from F2 resistant plants was 1:2 (homozygous to heterozygous resistant). Molecular marker analyses in the F2 population identified a DNA band of approximately 940 base pairs (OPAZ20(940)), linked in coupling phase at 7.1 cM of the Co-6 gene. This marker is being used in our backcross breeding program to develop Rudá-derived common bean cultivars resistant to anthracnose and adapted to central Brazil.

scholarly journals Genetic resistance to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in the Andean cultivar Jalo Pintado 2 of common bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Angêlica Albuquerque Tomilhero Frias ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Danielle Sayuri Yoshida Nanami ◽  
Sandra Aparecida de Lima Castro ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Allelism Tests ◽  
Common Bean Cultivar

The anthracnose caused by fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara is the most widespread disease and economically important fungal disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The use of resistant cultivars is considered as one of the most effective methods in controlling this disease. The present study had as aim to characterize the genetic resistance of the Andean common bean cultivar Jalo Pintado 2 to the C. lindemuthianum through inheritance and allelism tests. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at Laboratório de Melhoramento do Feijão Comum e de Biologia Molecular do Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura (Nupagri) at Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The results of the F2 population from the crossing 'Jalo Pintado 2' (R) × Cornell 49-242 (S), inoculated with race 73 of C. lindemuthianum, adjusted to the ratio of 3R: 1S, demonstrating the action of a dominant gene in the cultivar Jalo Pintado 2. The allelism tests evidenced that the gene in the 'Jalo Pintado 2' is independent from those previously characterized: Co-1, Co-2,Co-3, Co-34, Co-4, Co-42, Co-43, Co-5, Co-6, Co-11, Co-12, Co-13, Co-14, Co-15 and Co-16. This gene is also independent from those genes not yet named present in Paloma, Perla and Amendoim Cavalo cultivars. The authors propose the Co-

Fathom common bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Raja Khanal ◽  
Terry Rupert ◽  
Alireza Navabi ◽  
Thomas H. Smith ◽  
Andrew J. Burt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
High Yield Potential

Fathom (CFIA registration no. 7544) is a full-season navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with a high yield potential, and resistance to anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum ) and common bacterial blight (CBB; caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli). Fathom is recommended for the dry bean growing areas in southwestern Ontario.

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