scholarly journals Variabilidad patogénica de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum y resistencia en germoplasma de Phaseolus vulgaris L. de Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Rodríguez-Ortega ◽  
Laura Vega-Jiménez ◽  
Ángel Rubén Murillo-Ilbay ◽  
Eduardo Peralta-Idrovo ◽  
Juan Carlos Rosas-Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Pathogenic Variability

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most economically important diseases of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation in Ecuador. The best control alternative is the use of resistant varieties. C. lindemuthianum presents great pathogenic variability, which hinders the development of varieties with a lasting resistance, therefore, the knowledge of the presence and distribution of the physiological races of the pathogen and the identification of resistance genes are key to developing varieties with broad and lasting resistance. The objective of this research was to determine the pathogenic variability of C. lindemuthianum and to evaluate the resistance of Ecuadorian bean germplasm. The research was carried out between 2013 and 2014. Seventeen isolates of C. lindemuthianum from northern central Ecuador were characterized by the inoculation of a group of twelve standard differential bean varieties. Among the analyzed samples, thirteen races were identified; five of those races had not been previously reported in the country. The differential G2333 (Co-42, Co-52 and Co-7) presented resistance to every characterized races in Ecuador. In addition, twenty - one improved varieties and elite bean lines were evaluated with sixteen of the seventeen isolates, three genotypes were identified (TB2, TB3 and INIAP 485 Urcuquí) with resistance to the mentioned isolates, which can be used as sources of resistance to Anthracnose. The identified sources of resistance in this study will allow to plan the development of bean varieties with broad and durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Races in Zambia and Evaluation of the CIAT Phaseolus Core Collection for Resistance to Anthracnose

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Paul Gepts ◽  
Swivia Hamabwe ◽  
Zombe Kapata Nalupya ◽  
Chikoti Mukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Runner Bean ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Scarlet Runner Bean

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) anthracnose, is highly variable. Therefore, understanding its race structure and identification of new sources of resistance is necessary for the development of varieties with durable resistance. The objectives of this study were (i) to characterize isolates of C. lindemuthianum collected from three major bean-growing regions in Zambia, and (ii) evaluate the CIAT Phaseolus core collection for resistance to C. lindemuthianum races 37, 73, and 566, and a blend of 20 races. Isolates collected from three major bean-growing districts in Zambia, namely Mporokoso, Mpika, and Mbala, were characterized as race 37, 73, and 566, respectively. A subset of the CIAT core collection comprised of 885 accessions of common bean, 13 accessions of scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus), and 11 accessions of year bean (P. dumosus) were evaluated for resistance to races 37, 73 and 566, and a blend of 20 races in a greenhouse at University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. A total of 72%, 66%, 48% and 9% of P. vulgaris accessions evaluated were highly resistant to races 37, 73, 566 and a blend of 20 races, respectively. Also, accessions of P. coccineus and P. dumosus, highly resistant to races 37, 73 and 566, were identified. Only eight of the 331 P. vulgaris accessions were highly resistant to all three individual races (37, 73, and 566) and to a blend of 20 races. These eight accessions constitute a valuable breeding resource for developing varieties with durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

scholarly journals Identification of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers Linked to the Co-4 Resistance Gene to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Common Bean

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 758-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricilia C. Cardoso de Arruda ◽  
Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin ◽  
José Mauro Chagas ◽  
Maurilio Alves Moreira ◽  
Everaldo Gonçalves de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Repulsion Phase ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Major Resistance Genes

New cultivars of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with durable resistance to anthracnose can be developed by pyramiding major resistance genes using marker-assisted selection. To this end, it is necessary to identify sources of resistance and molecular markers tightly linked to the resistance genes. The objectives of this work were to study the inheritance of resistance to anthracnose in the cultivar TO (carrying the Co-4 gene), to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to Co-4, and to introgress this gene in the cultivar Rudá. Populations F1, F2, F2:3, BC1s, and BC1r from the cross Rudá × TO were inoculated with race 65 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, causal agent of bean anthracnose. The phenotypic ratios (resistant/susceptible) were 3:1 in the F2 population, 1:1 in the BC1s, and 1:0 in the BC1r, confirming that resistance to anthracnose in the cultivar TO was monogenic and dominant. Six RAPD markers linked to the Co-4 gene were identified, four in the coupling phase: OPY20830C (0.0 centimorgan [cM]), OPC08900C (9.7 cM), OPI16850C (14.3 cM), and OPJ011,380C (18.1 cM); and two in the repulsion phase: OPB031,800T (3.7 cM) and OPA18830T (17.4 cM). OPY20830C and OPB031,800T, used in association as a codominant pair, allowed the identification of the three genotypic classes with a high degree of confidence. Marker OPY20830C, which is tightly linked to Co-4, is being used to assist in breeding for resistance to anthracnose.

Identification of anthracnose races in Manitoba and Ontario from 2005 to 2015 and their reactions on Ontario dry bean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
Greg J. Boland ◽  
Chris L. Gillard ◽  
Yongyan Chen ◽  
Xuechan Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
New Races ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara, is one of the most destructive diseases of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the world. Between 2005 and 2015, commercial fields of dry beans in Manitoba and Ontario were surveyed to determine the frequency of occurrence of races of the anthracnose fungus. Throughout the study, race 73 was most prevalent in Manitoba and Ontario. However, three anthracnose races not previously reported in Canada also were identified. These three new races and four previously identified anthracnose races were used to screen 52 dry bean cultivars, as well as a mung bean and azuki bean cultivar from Ontario, for their seedling reactions to determine their patterns of race resistance. The dry bean cultivars were classified into a total of 19 resistance spectra based on the pattern of seedling reactions to the seven anthracnose races. The most common resistance spectrum was susceptible to the majority of the anthracnose races and no cultivar was resistant to all of the races. Many bean cultivars produced intermediate anthracnose ratings to races 31 and 105 and tests of 16 dry bean cultivars against those races indicated that all cultivars with intermediate ratings to a specific race were segregating in their seedling reactions and none of the cultivars produced plants with only intermediate anthracnose severity ratings. This study provides new information on the anthracnose reactions of common bean cultivars in Canada, which should be useful for the development of new bean cultivars with durable resistance.

scholarly journals Identification of Phaeoisariopsis griseola pathotypes from five States in Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALOISIO SARTORATO
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Phaeoisariopsis Griseola ◽  
Moist Chamber ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Due to the increased importance of angular leaf spot of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Brazil, monitoring the pathogenic variability of its causal agent (Phaeoisariopsis griseola) is the best strategy for a breeding program aimed at developing resistant genotypes. Fifty one isolates of P. griseola collected in five Brazilian States were tested on a set of 12 international differential cultivars in the greenhouse. When inoculated plants showed symptoms but no sporulation was observed, they were transferred to a moist chamber for approximately 20-24 h. After this period of time, if no sporulation was observed, the plants were considered resistant; otherwise, they were considered susceptible. From the fifty-one tested isolates, seven different pathotypes were identified. No Andean pathotypes were identified; consequently, all isolates were classified as Middle American pathotypes. Pathotype 63-31 was the most widespread. Pathotype 63-63 overcame resistance genes present in all differential cultivars and also the resistance gene(s) present in the cultivar AND 277. This fact has important implications for breeding angular leaf spot resistance in beans, and suggests that searching for new resistance genes to angular leaf spot must be pursued.

scholarly journals The histidine kinase slnCl1 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum as a pathogenicity factor against Phaseolus vulgaris L

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Bicalho Nogueira ◽  
Leandro Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Casley Borges de Queiroz ◽  
Thamy Lívia Ribeiro Corrêa ◽  
Renato Pedrozo Menicucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pathogenicity Factor

scholarly journals Sources of resistance to Crinipellis perniciosa in progenies of cacao accessions collected in the Brazilian Amazon

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Rodrigues Lavigne de Mello Paim ◽  
Edna Dora Martins Newman Luz ◽  
José Luís Pires ◽  
Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva ◽  
Jorge Teodoro de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Crinipellis Perniciosa ◽  
Broom Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Sources

The witches' broom disease caused by the fungus Crinipellis perniciosa is the main phytossanitary constraint for cacao production in Brazil. The integrated management of the disease involves resistance as one of the components. The breeding program conducted by the Brazilian Institution, CEPLAC is directed toward the pyramidation of resistance genes from different sources to achieve a more durable resistance. This study aimed to identify sources of resistance in progenies of cacao accessions collected in the basins of ten Amazonian rivers and compared to progenies from the Peruvian clones 'Scavina 6' and 'Sacavina 12'. Progenies from 40 Amazonian accessions and 'Scavina' were evaluated in the field for six years for witches' broom resistance through multivariate and repeated measurement analyses evaluating the effect of progeny, area, block, year, and their interactions. There were differences in the mean number of vegetative brooms on some Amazonian progenies and 'Scavina' descendants. There was an increase in the number of vegetative brooms in the last year for 'Scavina' progenies, but that was not observed for the Amazonian progenies 64, 66, 156, 194, 195, 269 and 274. There were different gene/alleles for resistance in the Amazonian progenies in comparison to the traditional 'Scavina' accessions. These new sources of resistance will be important for pyramiding resistance genes and consequently increasing the stability and durability of the resistance to witches' broom.

scholarly journals Utilização da produtividade de grãos na seleção para resistência ao Colletotrichum lindemuthianum no feijoeiro

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ângela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu ◽  
Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽  
Flávia Maria Avelar Gonçalves ◽  
Hélia Alves de Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar se as famílias de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) com maior produtividade de grãos são as que possuem maior resistência ao Colletotrichum lindemuthianum e, assim, poder utilizar a produtividade de grãos como critério auxiliar na seleção de linhagens mais resistentes. Para isso, foram realizados cruzamentos entre as linhagens AN 730340, AN 910522, AN 910523 e AN 910546, resistentes ao patógeno, com a cultivar Carioca, que é suscetível. A partir da geração F2, as populações foram avançadas em dois locais no sul de Minas Gerais, Lavras e Lambari, sendo selecionadas 100 plantas resistentes (sem sintomas) e 100 suscetíveis (com alta severidade da doença), formando, assim, duas subpopulações por cruzamento em cada local. Essas populações foram conduzidas em "bulk" até a geração F5. Cinqüenta plantas F5 deram origem às famílias F5:6 e, posteriormente, 21 famílias F5:7, que foram avaliadas com relação à produtividade de grãos e severidade do patógeno nos dois locais. Constatou-se que, especialmente sob alta severidade da doença, a produtividade de grãos foi um ótimo critério seletivo para identificação de famílias resistentes.

Arikara Yellow common bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Henning Mündel, David Gehl ◽  
Henry C. Huang ◽  
Robert L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
White Mould ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
Cultivar Description

Arikara Yellow is an early-maturing heritage bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with a tan-yellow seed belonging to the Canario mexicano (syn. Mantequilla) market class. It has a determinate bush type growth habit, with wide adaptation on the Canadian prairies. Arikara Yellow is resistant to white mould caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary and to three of four common races of anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.-Scrib. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, heritage bean, cultivar description

scholarly journals Race structure of cowpea witchweed (Striga gesnerioides) in West Africa and its implications for Striga resistance breeding of cowpea

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik W. Ohlson ◽  
Michael P. Timko
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Striga Gesnerioides

AbstractCowpea witchweed [Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke] is a primary constraint of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] production in West Africa. Previously, seven S. gesnerioides races were classified based upon host specificity and genotypic profiling. Because race number and distribution are dynamic systems influenced by gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection, a thorough investigation of S. gesnerioides diversity and the effectiveness of known sources of resistance in cowpea is needed to develop varieties with durable and broad-spectrum Striga resistance. In this study, we screened seven cowpea lines against 58 unique S. gesnerioides populations collected from across nine West African countries. Individuals from 10 S. gesnerioides populations were genotyped with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We identified six races of S. gesnerioides based on their parasitism of the seven cowpea lines with known differential resistance genotypes. No cowpea line was resistant to all 58 Striga populations and none of the Striga populations were able to overcome the resistance of all seven lines. A novel race, SG6, of the parasite collected from Kudu, Nigeria, was found to overcome more cowpea resistance genes than any previously reported race. SSR analysis indicates that Striga populations are highly differentiated and genetic relatedness generally corresponds with geographic proximity rather than their host compatibility. Due to the dearth of broad-spectrum resistance found among Striga-resistant cowpea lines, there exists a need to stack multiple Striga resistance genes in order to confer broad-spectrum and durable resistance.

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