A CULTURAL AND CYTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF A TWO-SPORED BASIDIOMYCETE, ALEURODISCUS CANADENSIS n. sp.

1944 ◽  
Vol 22c (5) ◽  
pp. 251-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Skolko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Mature Spore ◽  
Reduction Division ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cytological Investigation ◽  
Cytological Evidence ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Fusion Nucleus ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Aleurodiscus is described and designated Aleurodiscus canadensis. The basidia of this fungus are regularly two-spored, but occasionally basidia bearing three spores or rarely one spore are encountered. From the cultural and cytological evidence presented the normal life cycle may be described as follows. The cells of the subhymenium are dikaryotic with clamp connections. The young basidia are at first binucleate. Following karyogamy the fusion nucleus undergoes reduction division producing the usual tetrad of nuclei. Each spore of the two-spored basidium receives two of the four daughter nuclei. The two nuclei in these spores undergo further division while the spore is still attached or shortly after discharge, so that the mature spore contains four nuclei. Such a spore is capable of producing a mycelium bearing clamp connections. Although the majority of the spores produce mycelia with clamp connections, a spore may occasionally develop a mycelium that does not bear clamps. When such exceptional mycelia are mated in compatible combinations, dikaryotic mycelia with clamp connections are obtained. From the mating of a number of these exceptional haplonts the heterothallic and bipolar relationship is made evident. Although complete cytological information on the spores that give rise to these exceptional haploid mycelia is lacking, it is probable that these spores are originally uninucleate and that this results from the distribution of the four nuclei in a three-spored basidium in such a way that one spore receives two nuclei and the other two spores one nucleus each. The two nuceli that migrate into the normal spore, therefore, probably bear allelomorphic inter-fertility factors. If this species can be considered homothallic, the homothallism is a different type from that found in species that complete their life cycle from the development of a single uninucleate spore. The necessity for such a distinction is stressed.

scholarly journals A New Species of Ligyrocoris Stal With a Key to the Northeastern Species (Hemiptera:Lygaeidae)

1963 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Merrill H. Sweet
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
New England ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Carex Stricta ◽  
A New Species

In the course of current work upon the biology and ecology of the Rhyparochrominae of New England, a new species of Ligyrocoris was discovered. The species runs in Barber's (1921) key to the couplet separating diffusus (Uhler) from sylvestris (L.), but is distinct from either species. While the new species is closely related to these species, it is also quite close to L. depictus which is separated out in a different part of Barber's key.These four closely related species are sympatric in New England, although they are markedly different in their overall distribution. The habitat preferences and life cycles of the species are quite different (Sweet, unpublished). The habitat of the new species described below is most unusual for the genus. The greater part of the type series was collected along the margin of a small pond where sedge clumps were standing in the water among occasional exposed rocks rather than in relatively dry fields or slope habitats where the other species occur. The species feeds upon the seeds of the sedge, Carex stricta Lam, and its life cycle is apparently adapted to that of the sedge, which fruits in late May and June. The insect becomes adult in mid-June and lays eggs until mid-July. The eggs remain in diapause over the summer and winter and hatch in May.

Tranzschelia asiatica sp.nov. and its taxonomic relationship to Tranzschelia arthurii

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1178-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Ono
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
The North ◽  
Host Relationships ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Prunus Grayana

Prunus grayana (subg. Padus) was found to serve as the uredinial-telial host of two distinct Tranzschelia species in Japan. Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae has been known to occur on P. grayana, and the other species was previously overlooked. The latter fungus was experimentally proven to form its spermogonial and aecial stages on Hepatica nobilis var. japonica f. variegata and f. magna. The fungus was similar in morphology and host relationships to Tranzschelia arthurii, whose spermogonial and aecial stages occur on H. nobilis var. acuta and uredinial and telial stages on Prunus serotina and Prunus virginiana (subg. Padus) and Prunus americana (subg. Prunophora) in North America. However, the spores at all stages in the life cycle of the Japanese fungus were significantly smaller than those of the North American fungus. Because of this, a new species, Tranzschelia asiatica, was proposed for the geographically separated fungus. This species is expected to occur in East Asia outside of Japan, but this is not yet confirmed. Key words: rust fungus, Uredinales, Rosaceae, Prunus, Ranunculaceae, Hepatica.

Studies on North Indian Volvocales. VI. On the life cycle and cytology of a new member of Phacotaceae, Dysmorphococcus sarmaii sp. nov.

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shyam
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Contractile Vacuoles ◽  
A New Species

This paper deals with the morphology, reproduction, and cytology of a new species of Dysmorphococcus, viz., Dysmorphococcus sarmaii sp. nov. (Phacotaceae, Volvocales) from India. The lorica of this flagellate displays a remarkable morphological variability in nature as well as in culture under laboratory conditions. The alga is characterised by an anteriorly bilobed pentagonal lorica ornamentated with polygonal pores, a massive globose chloroplast that lacks a pyrenoid and almost completely occupys the protoplast, a prominent red stigma, two contractile vacuoles located anteriorly near the insertion of the flagella, and flagella that are equal to or a little longer than the length of the lorica. The pentagonal lorica of the present taxon differs remarkably from the broadly ovoid to globose lorica of D. variabilis Takeda, D. coccifer Korschikoff, and D. globosus Bold and Starr. The lorica of D. sarmaii is somewhat comparable in shape to D. punctatus Fott because of its bilobed anterior but differs from the latter in its ornamentation. The massive globose chloroplast lacking a pyrenoid in the present alga differs remarkably from the other species of this genus where the chloroplast possesses one or several pyrenoids. In addition, asexual reproduction, which is accomplished by division of the protoplast within the lorica, results in the production of 8–16 zoospores as compared with the earlier record of 2 and 4 zoospores in this genus. The alga is heterothallic and sexual reproduction, which was not known for the earlier described species of the genus Dysmorphococcus, takes place by isogametes produced 16–32(–64) per cell. The chromosome number recorded for D. sarmaii is n = 10.

Description of Oigolaimella attenuata n. sp. (Diplogastridae) associated with termites (Reticulitermes) and remarks on life cycle, giant spermatozoa, gut-inhabiting flagellates and other associates

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fürst von Lieven ◽  
Walter Sudhaus
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
Giant Spermatozoa ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of the diplogastrid genus Oigolaimella is described in colonies of termites belonging to the genus Reticulitermes from Corsica (France) and USA. Oigolaimella attenuata n. sp. males can be recognised by the conspicuous length of the ventral unkeeled part of the otherwise keeled gubernaculum and, in contrast to the other members of the genus, the fact that the lateral field of both adult stages is marked by a single line. A diagnostic key for the five species of Oigolaimella is presented. Life cycle and development, including spermiogenesis, sperm transfer, sperm competition and fertilisation are described in detail. Some interesting aberrations of the reproductive system are documented. The new species uses the preoral cavities of the termites for internal phoresis and is associated with non-pathogenic gut-inhabiting flagellates of the taxon Kinetoplastida. The heads of 76 of 117 examined termites were infested with dauer juveniles of O. attenuata n. sp. with an average of 6.4 nematodes per termite. Six additional nematode species were isolated from the bodies of the termites, particularly a species of Pristionchus and, for the first time, Halicephalobus sp., Mesorhabditis spiculigera and Rhabditella axei. Rhabpanus ossiculum was isolated from termite-inhabited wood from Corsica, the first such detection in Europe. In the course of our discussion of the literature on termite-associated nematodes, we propose the new combination Pristionchus formosianus (Poinar, Meikle & Mercadier, 2006) n. comb. (=Chroniodiplogaster formosiana).

scholarly journals Discovery of the Smallest Lace Bug from Mid-Cretaceous of Northern Myanmar Supports the Hypothesis of a Miniaturization Phenomenon of Insects in Kachin Amber (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae)

Taxonomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Jun Souma ◽  
Shûhei Yamamoto ◽  
Yui Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
New Finding ◽  
A New Species

A total of 14 species in seven tingid genera have been described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber from northern Myanmar, with very distinct paleofauna. Here, a new species of a new genus, Burmavianaida anomalocapitata gen. et sp. nov., is described from Kachin amber. This new species can be readily distinguished from the other described tingid taxa by the apparently smaller body and the structures of the pronotum and hemelytron. Burmavianaida gen. nov. shares the diagnostic characters with two clades composed of three extant subfamilies (Cantacaderinae + Tinginae) and Vianaidinae and may represent an extinct clade distinct from them. To the best of our knowledge, B. anomalocapitata sp. nov. is the smallest species of Tingidae among over 2600 described species. Our new finding supports the hypothesis of the miniaturization phenomenon of insects in Kachin amber, as suggested by previous studies.

The Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) of the Langbian Plateau, southern Vietnam, with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2804 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRYAN L. STUART ◽  
JODI J. L. ROWLEY ◽  
DAO THI ANH TRAN ◽  
DUONG THI THUY LE ◽  
HUY DUC HOANG
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Original Description ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
A New Species

We sampled two forms of Leptobrachium in syntopy at the type locality of L. pullum at upper elevations on the Langbian Plateau, southern Vietnam. The two forms differed in morphology (primarily in coloration), mitochondrial DNA, and male advertisement calls. One form closely agrees with the type series of L. pullum (but not to its original description due to error), and the other is described as new. Leptobrachium leucops sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by having small body size (males with SVL 38.8–45.2), the upper one-third to one-half of iris white, a blue scleral arc, a dark venter, and sexually active males without spines on the upper lip. Leptobrachium pullum and L. mouhoti, a recently described species from low-elevation slopes of the Langbian Plateau in eastern Cambodia, are morphologically divergent but genetically similar, warranting further investigation into geographic variation in the red-eyed Leptobrachium of southern Indochina.

Aspidistra revoluta, a new species from limestone areas in Chongqing, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Si-rong Yi ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Yu-jing Wei
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Chongqing Municipality ◽  
Karyotype Asymmetry ◽  
A New Species

Aspidistra revoluta (Asparagaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from limestone areas in southern Chongqing Municipality, China. The new species can be distinguished from the other Aspidistra species by its unique umbrella-like pistil with large revolute stigma lobes that bent downwards and touch the base of the perigone. A detailed morphological comparison among A. revoluta, A. nanchuanensis and A. carnosa is provided. The pollen grains of A. revoluta are subspherical and inaperturate, with verrucous exine. The chromosome number is 2n = 38, and the karyotype is formulated as 2n = 22m + 6sm + 10st. The average length of chromosome complement is 4.50 μm, and the karyotype asymmetry indexes A1 and A2 are respectively 0.37±0.03 and 0.49±0.01.

On Certain Eelworms, including Bütschli's Tylenchus fungorum, obtained from Toadstools.

1953 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goodey
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Anal Papillae ◽  
A New Species

1. A detailed morphological study has been made of certain nematodes occurring in the basidiomycetous fungi, Entoloma rhodipolium, Pleurotus corticalus, P. ostreatus, Hygrophorus virgineus and Tricholoma cunifolium.2. From the first three of these, males and females of two species of eelworms have been obtained which are placed in the genus Iotonchium Cobb, 1920. One of these is Iotonchium fungorum (Butschli, 1878) n. comb., originally described by Butschli under the name of Tylenchus fungorum', the other is a new species which is named I. bifurcatum n. sp.3. The males of both species have peculiar lobed, dorso-ventrally flattened heads and a poorly developed mouth spear. The bursa is very large, the spicules have posterior prolongations which arc extruded through the cloaca and ventral post-anal papillae are present. A gubernaculum is absent.

A new species of the enigmatic genus Oressinoma Doubleday from the Andes of central Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4999 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUDIA FLORCZYK ◽  
CHRISTER FÅHRAEUS ◽  
PIERRE BOYER ◽  
ANNA ZUBEK ◽  
TOMASZ W. PYRCZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Andes ◽  
A New Species

A new, and only the third known species of the Neotropical montane genus Oressinoma Doubleday is described—O. sorina n. sp., from the Andes of central Peru. It is distinguishable immediately from the other two congeners by the shape of the hindwing underside submarginal orange band, and by the male genitalia. The systematics of Oressinoma are reviewed. A preliminary analysis is carried out based on COI barcode confirming the separate specific status of O. sorina n. sp. in relation to other two congeners. Both barcode and genital morphology data suggest that the widespread O. typhla Doubleday may be a complex of allopatric or, locally parapatric species. The genus Oressinoma is the only neotropical member of the predominantly Australian subtribe Coenonymphina, represented in the entire Holarctic by one genus only—Coenonympha Hübner, considered as the putative sister-genus of Oressinoma. Their origins and relationships are briefly discussed.

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