A gravity survey of the Dundas buried valley west of Copetown, Ontario

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Greenhouse ◽  
Mark Monier-Williams

A total of 243 Bouguer gravity readings have been completed over a 9 km2 area covering the terminus of the Dundas buried valley, a prominent reentrant in the Niagara Escarpment. A 1.5 mGal (15 μm s−2) Bouguer anomaly clearly defines an abrupt closure of the bedrock topography west of Copetown, confirming and extending the results of earlier seismic reflection and refraction surveys. An apparent tributary in the contoured gravity, entering the terminus from the south, is unfortunately poorly resolved. It underlies property to which access was denied. The Bouguer gravity data are transformed to a model of the bedrock depth via a three-dimensional model. The mean error between data and model gravity, after correcting the former for a regional gradient, is less than 0.1 mGal (1 μm s−2). The estimated error in the observations themselves is ± 0.11 mGal (1.1 μm s−2). The observed Bouguer gravity is compared with that which would be produced by the present Niagara Gorge were it to underlie the survey area. The magnitude and dimensions of the computed anomalies are remarkably similar.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Renata Constantino ◽  
Eder Cassola Molina

ABSTRACT. This paper estimated the basement depth of the Santos Basin region, S˜ao Paulo State, Brazil, combining gravity data obtained from satellite altimetry and marine gravimetry, bathymetric data and sediment thickness from international data banks, and crustal thickness data available in the region. The first step consisted of calculating the gravity effect of sediments in Santos Basin, and the Crustal Mantle Interface (CMI) was modeled from constrained gravity inversion. Subsequently, the reliability of the models obtained was tested by flexural analysis with satisfactory results, as the flexural and gravimetric CMIs showed good agreement. The gravity effect of flexural CMI and the gravity effect of sediments were then calculated and subtracted from the original Bouguer anomaly. The residual field thus obtained, which is assumed to represent the topographical features of the basement, was inverted in the last step of the work, providing information that shows a basement with features of up to 700 m that appear to be in agreement with tectonic features previous discussed, such as the Avedis volcanic chain. The basement depth estimated during this study showed depths ranging from 1,500 to 10,500 m, and the deepest region is consistent with the Cabo Frio Fault. The methodology used in the study showed that from a combined data analysis, it is possible to obtain a three-dimensional model of the basement in ocean areas. This non-seismic approach can be advantageous in terms of efficiency and cost. The knowledge of the basement can offer important insights for the development of genetic and tectonic models of exploratory interest in the region.Keywords: basement, Santos Basin, gravity. RESUMO. Este trabalho visa estimar a profundidade do embasamento na região da Bacia de Santos por meio de uma análise combinada de dados gravimétricos obtidos a partir de altimetria por satélite e gravimetria marinha, com dados batimétricos e modelos de espessura sedimentar provenientes de bancos de dados internacionais e dados de espessura crustal disponíveis na região. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foi calculado o efeito do pacote sedimentar no sinal gravimétrico na Bacia de Santos, como também foi modelada a profundidade da Interface Crosta Manto (ICM) a partir de inversão gravimétrica com vínculos. Na etapa seguinte, a confiabilidade dos modelos obtidos foi testada através de an´álise flexural e o resultado foi satisfatório, mostrando que a ICM flexural e a ICM gravimétrica estão em concordância. Prosseguindo para etapa seguinte, o efeito gravimétrico da ICM encontrada por análise flexural e o efeito gravimétrico dos sedimentos foram então calculados e subtraídos da anomalia Bouguer original. O campo residual assim obtido, que se admite representar as feições topográficas do embasamento, foi invertido na última etapa do trabalho, fornecendo informações que mostram um embasamento com feições topográficas de até 700 m, que parecem estar em concordância com feições tectônicas discutidas em trabalhos pretéritos, como por exemplo a cadeia vulcânica Avedis. A profundidade do embasamento estimada durante este trabalho mostrou profundidades que vão desde 1.500 a 10.500 m, sendo que a região mais profunda corresponde à falha de Cabo Frio. Este trabalho demonstrou que, a partir de uma análise combinada de dados, é possível obter um modelo tridimensional do embasamento. O método, por ser não sísmico, pode ser vantajoso em questões de eficiência. O conhecimento deste embasamento é crucial na identificação de feições tectônicas, enquanto as informações sobre sua profundidade e topografia podem oferecer importantes subsídios para a elaboração de modelos genéticos e tectônicos de interesse exploratório na região.Palavras-chave: embasamento, Bacia de Santos, gravimetria.


Geophysics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Ferguson ◽  
Roger N. Felch ◽  
Carlos L. V. Aiken ◽  
John S. Oldow ◽  
Holly Dockery

The Bouguer gravity anomaly at Yucca Flat, Nevada, has been modeled by two different techniques: the Cordell‐Henderson and Parker‐Oldenburg methods. The three‐dimensional model has incorporated known density and structural information where possible. These models predict the structural relief on the Cenozoic‐Paleozoic contact to within 150 m or about 15 percent of the actual depth. The three‐dimensional Parker‐Oldenburg method has been found to be efficient in an application involving a large (9000 sample) data base. Numerical stability was ensured by the application of a consistent regularization (a low‐pass filter tuned to suppress the noise‐dominated portion of the data spectrum) of the downward continuation operator. The use of a single regularizing filter for the entire model is not completely satisfactory due to the oversmoothing of shallow regions of the basin. The model is useful in the delineation of the geologic history of the area. Structural features in the model support the hypothesis that regional stress fields rotated significantly during the Tertiary. Major structural elements of the basin are well defined on the Cenozoic‐Paleozoic interface. The principal basin‐bounding fault is the large‐throw Carpetbag fault on the west. This fault was most active during the earliest phases of subsidence. The Yucca fault is seen to be a much smaller feature in the model presented here. The basin is rotated down to the west, with normal hinge faults on the eastern margin.


2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-568
Author(s):  
Shiva Tirdad ◽  
Erwan Gloaguen ◽  
Abderezzak Bouchedda ◽  
J. Christian Dupuis

We propose a new numerical workflow based on stochastic data integration where we merge a conceptual geological model, drillhole geophysical and geological logs, and surface geophysical data to compute a unified numerical model of a volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit. The first step of the workflow consists in building a three-dimensional (3D) numerical conceptual model of the geology. This conceptual model, as well as geological logs, is then used to generate multiple equiprobable scenarios of the geology by means of multiple-point simulation (MPS). The MPS method studies high-order statistics in the space of a numerical conceptual model, making it possible to reproduce complex geological structures. We then use conventional conditional sequential Gaussian simulation, which is a method based on a node-by-node sequential process, to stochastically populate the geological grid with densities. For this purpose we use available density logs to simulate multiple equiprobable spatial distributions of the density at high spatial resolution within each geological unit separately. The stochastic high-resolution density models are iteratively combined by the gradual deformation method to minimize the difference between measured Bouguer anomaly data and the data computed on the combined realizations of density. Application of the proposed method to the Lalor deposit, a VMS deposit in Manitoba, Canada, produces a density model that honours the geology of the deposit and the Bouguer anomaly data. This unified model has the advantage to include all the available information (geological and density logs and surface geophysics) at scales appropriate for mining applications.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Sanchez-Rojas

A new gravity data compilation for Venezuela was processed and homogenized. Gravity was measured in reference to the International Gravity Standardization Net 1971, and the complete Bouguer anomaly was calculated by using the Geodetic Reference System 1980 and 2.67 Mg/m3. A regional gravity map was computed by removing wavelengths higher than 200 km from the Bouguer anomaly. After the anomaly separation, regional and residual Bouguer gravity fields were then critically discussed in term of the regional tectonic features. Results were compared with the previous geological and tectonic information obtained from former studies. Gravity and topography data in the spectral domain were used to examine the elastic thickness and depths of the structures of the causative measured anomaly. According to the power spectrum analysis results of the gravity data, the averaged Moho depths for the massif, plains, and mountainous areas in Venezuela are 42, 35, and 40 km, respectively. The averaged admittance function computed from the topography and Free-Air anomaly profiles across Mérida Andes showed a good fit for a regional compensation model with an effective elastic thickness of 15 km.


1997 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. KRÓLIKOWSKI ◽  
Z. PETECKI

A new gravity model of the crustal structure of the Trans-European Suture Zone in the northwestern Poland has been constructed. The Bouguer anomaly map, obtained after stripping off the three-dimensional gravity effect of the sedimentary cover down to the Zechstein formations, is characterized by a 50 mGal gravity anomaly. We have assumed that the short-wavelength components derive from upper crustal intrusions and the long-wavelength components reflect crustal thickness and lateral heterogeneity which are strongly supported by the new seismic data along the LT-7 geotraverse. Quantitative modelling of gravity data along three profiles crossing the area indicate the presence of anomalous masses within the Lower Palaeozoic sequence, mainly along the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone. Two of the profiles crossing the long-wavelength ‘stripped’ gravity high suggest the existence of a zone of 35 km crust above a dense upper mantle along the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone. The extent of the zone can be determined based on the Bouguer anomalies interpretation.


Geophysics ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Malahoff ◽  
Ralph Moberly

A density model of the upper crust of Wyoming, computed on structural and petrographic evidence without prior reference to gravity data, when compared with the observed gravity field, demonstrates that: (1) Existing measurements and theory of change of sedimentary rock density with depth of burial are satisfactory for gravity interpretation for local rock types and the slower rates of sedimentation in the area. (2) Gravity stations established over sedimentary basins are generally as satisfactory as those on basement rock outcrops for depicting regional Bouguer gravity trends. (3) The Laramide deformation was mainly germanotype. The regional gradient in Bouguer gravity across Wyoming has increasingly negative values to the southwest. Local variation in the Bouguer anomaly field is related mainly to the low density Cretaceous and Cenozoic sediments of the basins, and to a lesser degree to the Laramide structural blocks. Interpretation of the gravity field indicates that the blocks are bounded by near‐vertical faults extending into the upper mantle, and that the uplifted blocks are undercompensated (i.e., rootless). In order to lead to a reasonable depiction of isostasy for the region, plots of mean Bouguer anomalies versus mean elevation must be made over 2°×2° squares, or larger, because of the variation in structure and composition of the crust.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Shun Araki ◽  
Tatsuya Noguchi ◽  
Masao Komazawa ◽  
Shoya Arimura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Tamura ◽  
...  

Gravity survey has been carried out around central part of Mashiki, Kumamoto, Japan, where was severely damaged by 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. Dense observations were performed at more than 450 sites around the central part of Mashiki. The observation sites satisfy enough density to discuss density structure shallower than 500-meter depth around the target area. After applying some corrections to the observed data, Bouguer anomaly is obtained and three dimensional model of gravity basement is estimated. As a result, a graben runs parallel to the Akitsukawa River and some isolated small basins are found inside of the graben. The central part of Mashiki is located immediately above of the one of such the small basins. We also analyze focusing and defocusing effects of ray of seismic wave under very simple assumptions and it is found that the central part of Mashiki locates close to a focusing area.


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