scholarly journals Multiobjective optimisation and cluster analysis in placement of best management practices in an urban flooding scenario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Dwivedula ◽  
R. Madhuri ◽  
K. Srinivasa Raju ◽  
A. Vasan
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Multiobjective Optimisation ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Abstract Urban floods cause massive damage to infrastructure and loss of life. This research is being carried out to study how Best Management Practices (BMPs) can mitigate the negative effects of urban floods during extreme rainfall events. Strategically placing BMPs throughout open areas and rooftops in urban areas serves multiple purposes of storage of rainwater, removal of pollutants from surface runoff and sustainable utilisation of land. This situation is framed as a multiobjective optimisation problem to analyse the trade-offs between multiple goals of runoff reduction, construction cost and pollutant load reduction. Output includes a wide range of choices to choose from for decision makers. Proposed methodology is demonstrated with a case study of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC), India. Historical extreme rainfall event of 237.5 mm which occurred in year 2016 and extreme rainfall event of 1,740.62 mm corresponding to Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 were considered for analysis. Two multiobjective optimisation algorithms, namely, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm – III (NSGA-III) and Constrained Two-Archive Evolutionary Algorithm (C-TAEA) are employed to solve the BMP placement problem, following which the resulting pareto-fronts are ensembled. K-Medoids-based cluster analysis is performed on the resulting ensembled pareto-front. The proposed ensembled approach identified ten possible BMP configurations with costs ranging from Rs. to surface runoff reduction ranging from to and pollutant load removal ranging from tonnes. Use of BMPs in future event has the potential to reduce surface runoff from , while simultaneously removing tonnes of pollutants for cost ranging from The proposed framework forms an effective and novel way to characterise and solve BMP optimisation problems in context of climate change, presenting a view of the urban flooding scenario today, and the likely course of events in the future.

scholarly journals Modeling the impacts of agricultural best management practices on runoff, sediment, and crop yield in an agriculture-pasture intensive watershed

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7093
Author(s):  
Solmaz Rasoulzadeh Gharibdousti ◽  
Gehendra Kharel ◽  
Arthur Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Best Management ◽  
No Till ◽  
Runoff Sediment

Best management practices (BMPs) are commonly used to reduce sediment loadings. In this study, we modeled the Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed located in southwestern Oklahoma, USA using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and evaluated the impacts of five agricultural BMP scenarios on surface runoff, sediment yield, and crop yield. The hydrological model, with 43 sub-basins and 15,217 hydrological response units, was calibrated (1991–2000) and validated (2001–2010) against the monthly observations of streamflow, sediment grab samples, and crop-yields. The coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NS) and percentage bias (PB) were used to determine model performance with satisfactory values of R2 (0.64 and 0.79) and NS (0.61 and 0.62) in the calibration and validation period respectively for streamflow. We found that contouring practice reduced surface runoff by more than 18% in both conservation tillage and no-till practices for all crops used in this modeling study. In addition, contour farming with either conservation tillage or no-till practice reduced sediment yield by almost half. Compared to the conservation tillage practice, no-till practice decreased sediment yield by 25.3% and 9.0% for cotton and grain sorghum, respectively. Using wheat as cover crop for grain sorghum generated the lowest runoff followed by its rotation with canola and cotton regardless of contouring. Converting all the crops in the watershed into Bermuda grass resulted in significant reduction in sediment yield (72.5–96.3%) and surface runoff (6.8–38.5%). The model can be used to provide useful information for stakeholders to prioritize ecologically sound and feasible BMPs at fields that are capable of reducing sediment yield while increasing crop yield.

Best management practices (BMPs) site selection for reducing urban surface runoff at target locations

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Rashidi Mehrabadi ◽  
Bahram Saghafian ◽  
Mohammad Reza Bazargan-Lari
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Target Locations

Performance of low-impact development best management practices: a critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hager ◽  
Guangji Hu ◽  
Kasun Hewage ◽  
Rehan Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

Low-impact development (LID), a land planning and engineering design approach for managing urban stormwater runoff, has been widely adopted across the globe. LID best management practices (BMPs) are man-made features that rely on natural processes to manage stormwater water quantity and quality. In this article, recent literature (published after the year 2008) related to nine BMPs was reviewed to highlight the ranges in treatment efficiencies for 21 of the most frequently investigated runoff parameters. The primary function, pros and cons, and factors affecting performance of each BMP were discussed. A frequency analysis of the reviewed parameters showed that total suspended solids, total phosphorous, total nitrogen, runoff reduction, and zinc concentrations were the most frequently investigated stormwater runoff parameters. Five recurring themes were observed with regards to knowledge gaps and conflicting objectives for research related to LID BMPs that include: (i) lack of consensus on which parameters to measure for effective LID adoption, (ii) BMP performance is highly variable, (iii) many BMPs are known exporters of nutrient pollutants, (iv) lack of cold weather performance-specific studies for individual BMPs, and (v) lack of human pathogen-related stormwater quality studies for individual BMPs. Suggestions for future research are discussed to address these knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the surface erosion from different timber yarding methods in Honduras

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-586
Author(s):  
Samuel Rivera ◽  
Jeffrey L Kershner ◽  
James P Dobrowolski
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Treated Area ◽  
Sediment Production ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Experimental Plots

Surface runoff and sediment production from different timber yarding practices, some using Best Management Practices (BMPs) recommended for Honduras, were monitored in experimental plots during the rainy seasons of two consecutive years in pine forest highlands of central Honduras. Different timber yarding systems were applied to pseudo-replicated plots during the rainy seasons of 1999 and 2000. In 1999, two treatments were studied: tractor yarding and skyline cable (a recommended BMP). In 2000, four treatments were evaluated: tractor skidding, skyline cable, animal skidding (another recommended BMP), and undisturbed forest (reference). During the rainy seasons of these years, surface runoff volumes and sediment yield were measured at five 1.5m x 10m erosion plots in each treated area. The results showed significant differences between traditional tractor yarding and the recommended skyline cable and animal skidding methods. Tractor yarding produced six to ten times more erosion during the rainy seasons than cable and animal yarding. The improved soil retention of cable and animal yarding was especially important during September when the highest rainfall occurred in this climate.

scholarly journals Modeling the impacts of agricultural best management practices on runoff, sediment, and crop yield in an agriculture-pasture intensive watershed

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Rasoulzadeh Gharibdousti ◽  
Gehendra Kharel ◽  
Arthur Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Best Management ◽  
No Till

Best management practices (BMPs) are commonly used to control sediment yields. In this study, we modeled the Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed located in southwestern Oklahoma, USA using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and evaluated the impacts of agricultural five different BMP scenarios on surface runoff, sediment load, and crop yield. The hydrological model with 43 sub-basins and 15,217 hydrological response units was calibrated (1991 ̶ 2000) and validated (2001 ̶ 2010) against the monthly observations of streamflow, sediment grab samples, and crop-yields. The coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NS) and percentage bias (PB) were used to determine model performance with satisfactory values of R2 (0.64) and NS (0.61) in the calibration period and a good model performance (R2 = 0.79; NS = 0.62) in the validation period for streamflow. We found that contouring practice reduced surface runoff by more than 18% in both conservation tillage and no-till practices for all crops. In addition, contour farming with either conservation tillage or no-till practice reduced sediment yield by almost half. Compared to the conservation tillage practice, no-till system decreased sediment yield by 25.3% and 9.0% for cotton and grain sorghum, respectively. Using wheat as cover crop for grain sorghum generated the lowest runoff followed by its rotation with canola and cotton regardless of contouring. Converting all the crops in the watershed into Bermuda grass resulted significant reduction in sediment yield (72.5-96.3%) and surface runoff (6.8-38.5%). The model was capable of providing precise information for stakeholders to prioritize ecologically sound feasible BMPs at fields that are capable of reducing overland soil erosion and sediment delivery to channels while increasing crop yield.

scholarly journals The influence of low impact development-best management practices implementation on surface runoff reduction: A case study in Universitas Indonesia catchment area

2019 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Luluk Azkarini ◽  
Evi Anggraheni ◽  
Dwita Sutjiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Impervious Area

High population growth rate will increase the infrastructure development, so the impervious land cover in a certain area will be greater. In 2016, the percentage of impervious area in UI Depok catchment area has reached 57%. This condition causes the surface runoff volume and probability of flood will increase. LID is a new paradigm for stormwater management in micro-scale areas. LID infrastructure is designed to manage stormwater for light to moderate rainfall spectrum. Previous research has produced an applied proposal of various LID-BMP infrastructure in UI catchment area, Depok, by using BMP Siting Tools. This study aims to compare the volume of surface runoff without and with the LID infrastructures on UI catchment area, Depok, and to calculate the effectiveness of LID infrastructure for various spectrum of rainfall. The LID infrastructures used are bioretention, porous pavement, infiltration trench, infiltration basin, vegetated filter strip, sand filter non-surface, sand filter surface, rain barrel and grassed swales. By applying said infrastructures, the reduction of peak flow on various rain spectrums vary from 3-30%.

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