pH 6 as the threshold to use in critical load modeling for zooplankton community change with acidification in lakes of south-central Ontario: accounting for morphometry and geography

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Holt ◽  
N D Yan ◽  
K M Somers
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Load Modeling ◽  
South Central ◽  
Species Abundances ◽  
Community Data ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Identifying thresholds of biotic community change along stressor gradients may be useful to both ecologists and lake managers; however, there are several weaknesses in the thresholds that have been identified for zooplankton communities along acidity gradients. The thresholds are often based on a single species even though pH sensitivities vary among species. They often measure changes in species occurrences, though abundances may be a more responsive indicator of damage. Their identification may be confounded by spatial and morphometric factors if they are derived from lake surveys. Finally, the thresholds have usually been subjectively identified. Our goal was to establish a threshold in zooplankton community change along an acidity gradient that did not have these four common weaknesses. We used two crustacean zooplankton community metrics: species richness and scores of a correspondence analysis based on species abundances. Spatial and morphometric patterns were detected in the zooplankton community data and then extracted. The relationship between zooplankton and acidity was then modeled using a step function that objectively identified a threshold of community change at pH 6 for lakes in south-central Ontario.

Changes in the crustacean communities of Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie following the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Barbiero ◽  
Marc L Tuchman
Keyword(s):  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Bythotrephes Longimanus ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Cladoceran Species ◽  
Invertebrate Predators ◽  
Predatory Cladoceran ◽  
Leptodora Kindti ◽  
Escape Responses ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The crustacean zooplankton communities in Lakes Michigan and Huron and the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie have shown substantial, persistent changes since the invasion of the predatory cladoceran Bythotrephes in the mid-1980s. A number of cladoceran species have declined dramatically since the invasion, including Eubosmina coregoni, Holopedium gibberum, Daphnia retrocurva, Daphnia pulicaria, and Leptodora kindti, and overall species richness has decreased as a result. Copepods have been relatively unaffected, with the notable exception of Meso cyclops edax, which has virtually disappeared from the lakes. These species shifts have for the most part been consistent and equally pronounced across all three lakes. Responses of crustacean species to the Bythotrephes invasion do not appear to be solely a consequence of size, and it is likely that other factors, e.g., morphology, vertical distribution, or escape responses, are important determinants of vulnerability to predation. Our results indicate that invertebrate predators in general, and invasive ones in particular, can have pronounced, lasting effects on zooplankton community structure.

Long-term directional trajectories among lake crustacean zooplankton communities and water chemistry

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1926-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. Lamothe ◽  
Donald A. Jackson ◽  
Keith M. Somers
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Acidified Lakes ◽  
Experimental Acidification ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Lake Systems

Understanding community responses to disturbance is a long-standing challenge in ecology and will remain a critical issue as human activity continues to alter environmental conditions. This is particularly concerning for freshwater communities, which are often subject to the effects of multiple disturbances on the landscape. With crustacean zooplankton community composition data and associated water chemistry from 19 Ontario lakes, we quantify the relative magnitude and directionality of change over three decades using distances in multivariate ordinations. The data span a gradient of impact from minimally disturbed reference lakes to lakes with known impacts from experimental acidification trials, atmospheric acidification, and regional land-use changes. Most communities exhibited changes from historical conditions, including previously described reference systems. Zooplankton communities in experimentally acidified lakes showed gradual, directional patterns with a return to historical conditions postmanipulation, but have since deviated again from historical conditions. Most zooplankton communities in atmospherically acidified lakes showed gradual, directional trajectories over time. Overall, our results demonstrate that zooplankton communities are changing among both minimally disturbed lake systems and lakes known to be impacted by human activities.

Crustacean zooplankton communities in lakes recovering from acidification

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Keller ◽  
N D Yan ◽  
K M Somers ◽  
J H Heneberry
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Chemical Recovery ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Biological Recovery ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Reference Lakes

Large reductions in sulphur emissions at the Sudbury, Ont., Canada, smelters in recent decades have resulted in decreased lake acidity, and biological improvements have followed. Lakes in the Sudbury area offer a very unique opportunity to develop our understanding of the processes regulating biological restructuring in aquatic ecosystems recovering from acidification. Here, we examine changes in crustacean zooplankton communities that have accompanied the chemical recovery of Whitepine and Sans Chambre lakes, near Sudbury, over the last two decades. In both these formerly acidic lakes, pH has increased to ~6.0, and some zooplankton community recovery has occurred. However, zooplankton communities have not completely recovered based on multivariate comparisons with the community composition of reference lakes. Although a number of acid-sensitive species have appeared, many did not persist, or did not achieve abundances typical of the reference lakes. This indicates that zooplankton community recovery will most likely depend on biotic and abiotic interactions within these lakes and not on factors affecting species dispersal. Both chemical and biological factors have large influences on biological recovery processes. Assessing biological recovery is very important since the restoration of healthy aquatic communities is a major objective of large-scale sulphur emission control programs.

Midsummer Crustacean Zooplankton Communities in Acid-Stressed Lakes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gary Sprules
Keyword(s):  
Group Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Recurrent Group ◽  
Diaptomus Oregonensis ◽  
Daphnia Galeata Mendotae ◽  
Daphnia Catawba ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The distribution of limnetic crustacean zooplankton species and species associations in 47 industrially acidified lakes of the La Cloche Mountains, Ontario, are examined. pH, which ranged from 3.8 to 7.0, and to a lesser extent lake area and depth are the major determinants of the structure of these communities. Mesocyclops edax, Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, Diaptomus minutus, Holopedium gibberum, Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum, and Bosmina sp. were common species which occurred over the entire pH range. Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus, Epischura lacustris, Diaptomus oregonensis, Leptodora kindtii, Daphnia galeata mendotae, D. retrocurva, D. ambigua, and D. longiremis plus some other rare species making a total of 64% of all species found never or rarely occurred below pH 5.0. Polyphemus pediculus, Daphnia catawba, and D. pulicaria were found primarily in lakes with low pH. An increase in the complexity of the zooplankton communities with increasing pH was evident. Above pH 5.0 the communities contained 9–16 species with three or four dominant species; in lakes with pH 5.0 or less the communities comprised one to seven species with only one or two dominants. Compared with relatively unspoiled lakes of similar morphometry in northwestern Ontario (ELA lakes) the La Cloche lakes have unusually simple zooplankton associations, particularly the very acidic lakes. Recurrent group analysis of the La Cloche and ELA lakes indicated that they were both characterized by a single major recurrent group of six species, five of which were common to the two areas. In the La Cloche lakes the group of six species occurred most frequently in lakes with pH above 5.0 although it maintained its integrity even down to pH 5.0. It is concluded that pH has a great effect on these zooplankton communities, primarily in lakes with pH below 5.0 where many species are completely eliminated and even tolerant species become progressively rarer until in some lakes a single species (D. minutus) remains.

Crustacean Zooplankton Communities as Indicators of Limnological Conditions An Approach Using Principal Component Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 962-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Gary Sprules
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Community Patterns ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Principal component analysis is used to develop a technique for predicting the limnological characteristics of a lake from knowledge of its midsummer limnetic crustacean zooplankton community. Patterns of variation in zooplankton community structure are summarized in the principal components extracted, via the species covariance matrix, from the matrix of transformed proportionate numerical abundances of species in a sample of lakes. The relation between these patterns and the limnological characteristics of the lakes is determined from the first-order rank correlations of the limnological variables with the components. In relatively undisturbed lakes of northwestern Ontario, results indicate that lakes characterized by Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi, Diaptomus minutus, and others are large and clear, whereas those characterized by Tropocyclops prasinus mexicanus, D. oregonensis, and others are smaller and of lower water clarity. These patterns are contrasted with those extracted from the same data using more subjective techniques. In the acid-stressed Killarney region, Ontario, lakes dominated by D. minutus are predicted to be acidic, small, and clear, whereas those dominated by Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum, Bosmina longirostris, Mesocyclops edax, and others will be less clear, larger, and with higher pH. In Haliburton lakes, Ontario, those with Diaptomus oregonensis, M. edax, and Ceriodaphnia lacustris are predicted to be small and productive, whereas those with D. minutus, D. sicilis, B. longirostris, and Daphnia dubia will be larger and less productive. The usefulness of the technique and some modifications are discussed. Key words: zooplankton communities, principal component analysis, ELA lakes, Haliburton lakes, Killarney lakes

Zooplankton community responses to a novel forest insecticide, tebufenozide (RH-5992), in littoral lake enclosures

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P Kreutzweiser ◽  
John M Gunn ◽  
Dean G Thompson ◽  
Heather G Pollard ◽  
Marvin J Faber
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Environmental Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Conductivity ◽  
Exponential Decline ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The effects of tebufenozide (RH-5992), a potential forest insecticide, on zooplankton communities were determined in 16 littoral enclosures in a small forest lake of northern Ontario. Community structure in enclosures treated with 9, 36, or 157 µg tebufenozide/L ( 0.2, 0.7, and 3 times the expected environmental concentration) was compared with natural zooplankton communities in control enclosures. No significant treatment effects on zooplankton communities were detected, even at 3 times the expected environmental concentration. While some changes in community structure of crustacean zooplankton in enclosures occurred through the season, these did not appear to be related to the tebufenozide treatments. Tebufenozide residues in water dissipated following exponential decline kinetics with time to 50% dissipation (DT50) ranging from 32 to 35 days irrespective of initial concentration. There were no differences in pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and phytoplankton abundance among treatment levels (repeated-measures ANOVA, p > 0.07).

Crustacean zooplankton community structure in temporary and permanent grassland ponds

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 632 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Matthew Drenner ◽  
Stanley I. Dodson ◽  
Ray W. Drenner ◽  
John E. Pinder III
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Permanent Grassland

Dynamics of Cadmium-Stressed Plankton Communities

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Marshall ◽  
D. L. Mellinger
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Plankton Communities

Structural and functional responses of plankton communities to cadmium stress were studied during 1977 in Lake Michigan using small-volume (8 L) completely sealed enclosures, and in Canada's Experimental Lakes Area (ELA) Lake 223 using large-volume (1.5 × 105 L) open-surface enclosures. In Lake Michigan, reductions of the average abundance of micro-crustaceans by cadmium were significantly greater in "light" or shallow epilimnetic incubations than they were in "dark" or deep epilimnetic incubations. Measurements of dissolved oxygen indicated that this interaction with light (depth) was an indirect effect due to a reduction of photosynthesis and primary production. Zooplankton density and species diversity were not significantly affected within 21 d by cadmium concentrations [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] Cd/L, respectively, whereas final dissolved oxygen concentration and percentage similarity (PS) of the crustacean zooplankton community were significantly reduced by [Formula: see text] Cd/L. In the ELA Lake 223 experiment, the reducing effect of cadmium on zooplankton density increased up to 31 d after Cd enrichment and then decreased, probably due to decreasing Cd concentrations in the water. Values of PS on day 24 for the ELA enclosures enriched with 1 and 3 μg Cd/L were within the 95% confidence limits for individual values predicted from a regression of PS on cadmium for the 21-d Lake Michigan experiments.Key words: plankton communities, zooplankton, phytoplankton, cadmium stress, Lake Michigan, Canadian Shield lakes

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