Yolk Absorption, Yolk Sac Constrictions, Mortality, and Growth During First Feeding of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Incubated on Astro-turf

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Hansen ◽  
D. Møller
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Artificial Substrate ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Flat Screen ◽  
Yolk Absorption

Groups of pooled Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) eggs were incubated in a "California" incubation system with and without astro-turf, an artificial substrate, and later transferred to separate feeding units. Alevins reared in astro-turf absorbed their yolk sac faster and more efficiently than alevins reared on a flat screen. Alevins reared on the flat screen developed yolk sac constrictions probably due to the backward and lateral force created by the high swimming activity. No such malformations were found on the yolk sacs of the astro-turf reared alevins. The fry hatched without astro-turf grew faster than the fry hatched with astro-turf during the initial feeding period, but later this was reversed. Mortality of alevins and fry hatched with astro-turf was lower during incubation and during first feeding.

Hypervitaminosis A in first-feeding fry of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. ØRNSRUD ◽  
I. E. GRAFF ◽  
S. HØIE ◽  
G. K. TOTLAND ◽  
G.-I. HEMRE
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Hypervitaminosis A ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
First Feeding

First feeding of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., under different photoperiods and light intensities

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. STEFANSSON ◽  
R. NORTVEDT ◽  
T. J. HANSEN ◽  
G. L. TARANGER
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Light Intensities

Effect of astaxanthin and vitamin A on growth and survival during first feeding of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 903-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Christiansen ◽  
Ø. Lie ◽  
O.J. Torrissen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
First Feeding

Disturbed ion balance in alevins of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar chronically exposed to sublethal concentrations of cadmium

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1443-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Rombough ◽  
E. T. Garside
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Cadmium Poisoning ◽  
Yolk Absorption ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Tissue Sodium ◽  
Water Contents

Embryos and alevins of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar were exposed to cadmium concentrations ranging from 0.47 to 300 μg Cd/L from shortly after fertilization to near complete yolk absorption (92 days). Tissue sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and water contents of embryos and alevins were determined at 9-day intervals during this period. Cadmium had no significant effect on the tissue cation or water contents of embryos. Net water uptake by alevins was significantly inhibited at cadmium concentrations ≥0.78 μg Cd/L. Net sodium uptake was significantly inhibited at all concentrations except 79 and 300 μg Cd/L, but because of the concomitant decrease in water uptake there were no significant changes in sodium to water ratios. Net potassium uptake was significantly inhibited at concentrations ≥ 8.2 μg Cd/L and net calcium uptake was significantly inhibited at concentrations ≥ 0.78 μg Cd/L. Tissue magnesium was not affected. Calcification of skeletal elements was inhibited progressively at concentrations ≥ 0.78 μg Cd/L. Low tissue potassium and calcium levels appeared to be responsible for many of the symptoms associated with cadmium poisoning and were probably the immediate cause of death.

Photoperiod Control of Parr–Smolt Transformation in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): Changes in Salinity Tolerance, Gill Na+,K+-ATPase Activity, and Plasma Thyroid Hormones

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1462-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. McCormick ◽  
Richard L. Saunders ◽  
Eugene B. Henderson ◽  
Paul R. Harmon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Photoperiod Control

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were subjected to artificial photoperiods to determine the manner and extent of photoperiod control of the parr–smolt transformation. Exposure to continuous light (L24) at first feeding and maintained throughout the rearing period inhibited increases in salinity tolerance and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity that occurred in spring in fish raised under simulated natural photoperiod (SNP). Fish reared under continuous light and returned to SNP in October (L24OCT) underwent normal increases in salinity tolerance and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity, whereas those returned in December (L24DEC) underwent delayed and intermediate increases. Plasma thyroxine peaks occurred simultaneously in all groups but were diminished in the L24 and L24DEC groups. Plasma 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine levels were not affected by any photoperiod treatment. Inhibition of the parr–smolt transformation decreased the potential for growth in seawater. In spite of changes in the timing of the transformation induced by photoperiod treatment, salinity tolerance and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity were strongly correlated; correlation between changes in salinity tolerance and plasma thyroid hormones were, by comparison, weak. The results demonstrate that continuous light applied early in ontogeny and maintained throughout the rearing period inhibits osmoregulatory changes associated with parr–smolt transformation, whereas increasing day length during winter–spring stimulates transformation.

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