scholarly journals Identification of DNA polymorphism in cultivated groundnut using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Subramanian ◽  
S Gurtu ◽  
R C Nageswara Rao ◽  
S N Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Oligonucleotide Primers ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Selection Tools

Construction of a genetic linkage map is necessary to apply marker-assisted selection tools in a crop improvement program. Except for the recent studies from two laboratories, most of the previous studies have shown little or no DNA polymorphism in cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). In the present study, 70 selected genotypes, representing variability for several morphological, physiological, and other characters, were studied for polymorphism employing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay with 48 oligonucleotide primers. Of the 48 oligonucleotide primers only 7 (14.6%) yielded polymorphic amplification products. The total number of bands from the 7 primers was 408, of which 27 were polymorphic. Detection of polymorphism in cultivated groundnut opens up the possibility of development of its molecular map by judicious selection of genotypes that show DNA polymorphism. This approach will be useful for developing marker-assisted selection tools for genetic enhancement of groundnut for desirable traits.Key words: Arachis hypogaea L., RAPD, DNA polymorphism, oligonucleotide, random primers.

scholarly journals Improving oil quality by altering levels of fatty acids through marker-assisted selection of ahfad2 alleles in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip K. Bera ◽  
Jignesh H. Kamdar ◽  
Swati V. Kasundra ◽  
Pitabas Dash ◽  
Anil K. Maurya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Advances in Crop Improvement and Delivery Research for Nutritional Quality and Health Benefits of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris O. Ojiewo ◽  
Pasupuleti Janila ◽  
Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur ◽  
Manish K. Pandey ◽  
Haile Desmae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Physiological responses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to drought stress and its amelioration: A review

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Reddy ◽  
V. R. Reddy ◽  
V. Anbumozhi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Quick Recovery ◽  
Improvement Programs

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important cash crop for tropical farmers. It is an annual legume and its seeds contain high amounts of edible oil (43-55%) and protein (25-28%). Even though it is fairly drought-tolerant, production fluctuates considerably as a result of rainfall variability. To develop a water stress response function in groundnut, research has been done to improve the performance under varying degrees of stress at various physiological stages of crop growth. This review summarizes recent information on the drought resistance characteristics of groundnut with a view to developing appropriate genetic enhancement strategies for water-limited environments. It is suggested that there are considerable gains to be made in increasing yield and stabilizing the yield in environments characterized by terminal drought stress and further exploiting drought escape strategy, by shortening crop duration. Many traits conferring dehydration avoidance and dehydration tolerance are available, but integrated traits, expressed at a high level of organization, are likely to be more useful in crop improvement programs. Possible genetic improvement strategies are outlined, ranging from empirical selection for yield in drought environments to a physiological-genetic approach. It is also suggested that in view of recent advances in understanding drought resistance mechanisms, the latter strategy is becoming more feasible. It is concluded that the use of this recently derived knowledge in a systematic manner could lead to significant gains in yield and yield stability in the world's groundnut production. Research is needed to develop transferable technologies to help farmers in arid and semi-arid regions. Increasing soil moisture storage by soil profile management and nutrient management for quick recovery from drought are some of the areas which need to be explored.

scholarly journals MUTATIONS AND CROP IMPROVEMENT. V. ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L. (LEGUMINOSAE)

Hereditas ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÅKE GUSTAFSSON ◽  
IVAR GADD
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE CACAHUATE (Arachis hypogaea L.) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES DOSIS DE GIBERELINA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. García Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Objetivo: Evaluar la germinación de cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea L.) mediante el uso de diferentes dosis de ácido giberélico (GA3). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos con 20 repeticiones. Tratamiento 1: 0.05gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 2: 0.10gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 3: 0.15gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3) y Tratamiento 0: Testigo. Se utilizaron semillas de cacahuate de la variedad Virginia. Los parámetros a evaluar fueron, la altura de plántula, número de hojas, medida de raíz y biomasa.  Las medias fueron comparadas por la prueba de Tukey a un nivel del 5% de confianza. Resultados: Los tratamientos indicaron que el Tratamiento 0 (Testigo) obtuvo un porcentaje de germinación de 85%, siendo mayor que el tratamiento 3 (0.15gr/L de GA3) con un 75% de germinación, sin embargo, el tratamiento 1 (0.05gr/L de GA3) y 2 (0.10gr/L de GA3) presentaron una mejor respuesta al obtener un 95% de germinación cada uno. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El tratamiento 3 causa efectos negativos en la germinación de la planta. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es necesario dar seguimiento a la investigación para un mejor control del ambiente y ampliar las dosis de GA3, así como aumentar la velocidad de germinación aplicando 0.15gr/L de GA3.

QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE AMENDOIM (Arachis hypogaea L.) ARMAZENADAS

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diniz ◽  
C.L. Silva ◽  
M.B. Muniz ◽  
V.P. Queiroga ◽  
R.L.A. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) terhadap Sistem Tanam Alur dan Pemberian Jenis Pupuk

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Rizal Mahdi Kurniawan ◽  
Heni Purnamawati ◽  
Yudiwanti Wahyu E. K
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem tanam alur dan pemberian jenis pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP Leuwikopo IPB Dramaga, Bogor pada bulan Februari - Juni 2013. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu sistem tanam alur sebagai petak utama dan jenis pupuk sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan sistem tanam alur meningkatkan daya hasil pada produktivitas biji kering, produktivitas polong kering, dan bobot kering biji per tanaman lebih baik dibandingkan sistem tanam konvensional. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan perlakuan sistem tanam alur yang memiliki produktivitas 2.93 ton/ha polong kering, sedangkan sistem tanam konvensional sebesar 2.55 ton/ha polong kering. Sistem budidaya kacang tanah pada sistem tanam alur dapat meningkatkan efisiensi tanaman dalam memanfaatkan unsur hara yang telah diberikan baik pupuk organik maupun anorganik, sehingga pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang tanah menjadi lebih baik. Pemberian jenis pupuk kandang ayam + Dolomit + NPK memberikan respon terhadap pertumbuhan dan  daya hasil rata-rata tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis pupuk lainnya.</em></p>

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