Substitution pattern of the CArG element in human and mouse genomes

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Shen ◽  
Haimei Mao ◽  
Shan Miao
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Genome ◽  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Functional Assays ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tata Motif ◽  
Serum Response ◽  
Human And Mouse

cis-Elements CArG bound by serum response factor (SRF) are presently being intensively studied, but little is known about the substitution pattern of functional CArG elements. Here, we have performed the first evolutionary analysis of CArGome in the human and mouse genome through bioinformatic methods and statistical tests. We calculated the substitution rate at each site of the functional CArG elements. The results showed that the core sites of the functional CArG elements evolved faster than did the background DNA, indicating that these sites were likely to evolve under positive selection. Moreover, a strong TATA “motif” was evident in the core region within the functional CArG elements in both human and mouse promoters. This motif could probably be a major contribution to the formation of the spatial structure, which was important for CArG-SRF recognition. Thus, the study further revealed the sequence character and substitution pattern of CArG elements and provided useful information for the study of the SRF-binding efficiencies of CArG promoters in functional assays.

Structural and dynamic changes of the serum response element and the core domain of serum response factor induced by their association

2010 ◽  
Vol 391 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Štěpánek ◽  
Vladimír Kopecký ◽  
Alberto Mezzetti ◽  
Pierre-Yves Turpin ◽  
Denise Paulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Serum Response Element ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Core Domain ◽  
The Core ◽  
Serum Response

scholarly journals A Cattle–Human Comparative Map Built with Cattle BAC-Ends and Human Genome Sequence

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1966-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis M. Larkin ◽  
Annelie Everts-van der Wind ◽  
Mark Rebeiz ◽  
Peter A. Schweitzer ◽  
Sharon Bachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Genome ◽  
Read Length ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Cattle Genome ◽  
Average Read Length ◽  
Bac Clone ◽  
Comparative Map ◽  
End Sequences ◽  
Rh Panel ◽  
Human And Mouse

As a step toward the goal of adding the cattle genome to those available for multispecies comparative genome analysis, 40,224 cattle BAC clones were end-sequenced, yielding 60,547 sequences (BAC end sequences, BESs) after trimming with an average read length of 515 bp. Cattle BACs were anchored to the human and mouse genome sequences by BLASTN search, revealing 29.4% and 10.1% significant hits (E < e-5), respectively. More than 60% of all cattle BES hits in both the human and mouse genomes are located within known genes. In order to confirm in silico predictions of orthology and their relative position on cattle chromosomes, 84 cattle BESs with similarity to sequences on HSA11 were mapped using a cattle–hamster radiation hybrid (RH) panel. Resulting RH maps of BTA15 and BTA29 cover ∼85% of HSA11 sequence, revealing a complex patchwork shuffling of segments not explained by a simple translocation followed by internal rearrangements. Overlay of the mouse conserved syntenies onto HSA11 revealed that segmental boundaries appear to be conserved in all three species. The BAC clone-based comparative map provides a foundation for the evolutionary analysis of mammalian karyotypes and for sequencing of the cattle genome.

scholarly journals The Aging Vasculature: Glucose Tolerance, Hypoglycemia and the Role of the Serum Response Factor

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hazel Aberdeen ◽  
Kaela Battles ◽  
Ariana Taylor ◽  
Jeranae Garner-Donald ◽  
Ana Davis-Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Homeostatic Control ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Serum Response

The fastest growing demographic in the U.S. at the present time is those aged 65 years and older. Accompanying advancing age are a myriad of physiological changes in which reserve capacity is diminished and homeostatic control attenuates. One facet of homeostatic control lost with advancing age is glucose tolerance. Nowhere is this more accentuated than in the high proportion of older Americans who are diabetic. Coupled with advancing age, diabetes predisposes affected subjects to the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the treatment of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemic episodes are a frequent clinical manifestation, which often result in more severe pathological outcomes compared to those observed in cases of insulin resistance, including premature appearance of biomarkers of senescence. Unfortunately, molecular mechanisms of hypoglycemia remain unclear and the subject of much debate. In this review, the molecular basis of the aging vasculature (endothelium) and how glycemic flux drives the appearance of cardiovascular lesions and injury are discussed. Further, we review the potential role of the serum response factor (SRF) in driving glycemic flux-related cellular signaling through its association with various proteins.

scholarly journals Critical Role of Serum Response Factor in Pulmonary Myofibroblast Differentiation Induced by TGF-β

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Sandbo ◽  
Steven Kregel ◽  
Sebastien Taurin ◽  
Sangeeta Bhorade ◽  
Nickolai O. Dulin
Keyword(s):  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Myofibroblast Differentiation ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Serum Response
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