Cytogenetic studies of aneuploids in rapeseed. II. Morphology, fertility, and cytology of self-pollinated progenies of monosomic plants of Brassica napus L.

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-ying Chang ◽  
William Tai ◽  
Z. Fan
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Dosage Effect ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Pollen Mother Cells ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Multivalent Association

Cytogenic studies were conducted on self-pollinated progenies from two monosomic lines of Brassica napus to ascertain the mode of transmission of the monosomic chromosome. An approximately 1:1 ratio of disomic to monosomic plants was obtained. Only one nullisomic plant was found among a total of 71 plants analyzed. The 1:1 ratio and the anaphase I disjunction (19–18) suggest that the gametes (n) were twice as competitive or functional as their counterpart (n − 1). Since quadrivalents were observed in the disomic plants and only trivalents in the monosomics, the monosomic chromosomes were believed to be the ones that were involved in the formation of multivalents. The percentage of multivalent association in monosomic plants was almost double that in disomic plants. In the disomic plants, an average of 11.96% of pollen mother cells had one to two quadri-valents. The average frequency of trivalents in the monosomics was 23.63%. It was suggested that pairing of these homologs was genetically controlled with a dosage effect. The absence of one chromosome increased the frequency of multivalents. Key words: monosomic, Brassica, rapeseed, aneuploid.

Persisting demibivalents: a unique meiotic behaviour in Cuscuta babylonica Choisy

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batia Pazy ◽  
Uzi Plitmann
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Chromosome Behaviour ◽  
Chromosome Movement ◽  
Pollen Mother Cells ◽  
Key Words Meiosis ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Telomeric Association

Idiosyncratic chromosome behaviour during meiosis was found in pollen mother cells of Cuscuta babylonica Choisy, a thread-like holoparasitic herb. Its main features are among the following: (i) telomeric association between homologues through most stages of the process, which leads to persisting chromatid bivalents (= "demibivalents"); (ii) uncommon chromosome segregation in first and second anaphase; and (iii) prolonged intensified heterochromatinization. Although "regular" in its own way, this process leads to the formation of unviable products. Its further investigation might contribute to our understanding of the role of the spindle and chromosome movement in the ordinary process of meiosis. Key words: meiosis (abnormal), persisting demibivalents, Cuscuta babylonica.

Cartier BX summer oilseed rape

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Rimmer ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Blackleg Disease ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Cartier BX is the fourth in the Navigator® series of summer oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) canola cultivars, which are resistant to Compas® herbicide, a mix of herbicides including the broadleaf herbicide bromoxynil. It is 32 kg ha–1 (1.3%) higher yielding than the mean of the check cultivars Defender, AC Excel and Legacy, is 5 g kg–1 lower in oil concentration and is 11 g kg–1 higher in protein concentration than the means of the check cultivars, respectively. Cartier BX is moderately resistant to blackleg disease. Cartier BX is adapted to the long- and mid-season B. napus canola-growing areas of western Canada. Key words: Oilseed rape (summer), bromoxynil resistance, Navigator® , Compas®

THE EFFECT OF SULPHUR ON MANGANESE AND COPPER NUTRITION OF CANOLA

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. KARAMANOS ◽  
N. HODGE ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Chamber Experiment ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Cu Nutrition

A growth chamber experiment was conducted to assess the Mn and Cu nutrition of canola (Brassica napus L. 'Westar') and whether S nutrition has an impact on the Mn and Cu nutrition of this crop. Three rates of Mn (0, 25, and 50 mg kg−1), three of Cu (0, 5, and 10 mg kg−1) and three rates of S (10, 20, and 30 mg kg−1) were applied in all combinations to canola grown on an organic soil. High Mn:Cu ratios (> 15) led to Cu deficiency, which, at 10 and 20 mg S kg−1, was alleviated by Cu additions. The Mn-induced Cu deficiency was self-corrected at the 30 mg S kg−1 application rate. This was attributed to the alleviation of a Cu × Mo antagonistic effect through addition of S. Key words: Canola, available soil Mn and Cu, Mn × Cu × S interaction, S × Mo interaction, Cu × Mo interaction

Introgression of long pod genotype from spring rape (Brassica napus L.) into summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Lewis ◽  
D. L. Woods ◽  
B. F. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Spring Rape

Long pod character from a summer Brassica napus L. line was introgressed into turnip rape B. rapa L. cultivar AC Sunshine resulting in progeny lines with significantly longer pods and larger seed size than those of AC Sunshine, but producing no yield advantage. Key words: Brassica rapa, Brassica napus, pod length, summer turnip rape, spring rape, interspecific hybridisation

Venus high erucic acid, low glucosinolate summer rape

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
S. R. Rimmer ◽  
C. G. J. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Canola Quality

Venus summer rape (Brassica napus L.) is a high-erucic acid rapeseed cultivar with canola-quality meal. Venus has an average 5% yield advantage over Hero rapeseed with seed oil and protein contents comparable to Hero. Venus is adapted to the southern B. napus growing regions of western Canada. Key words: Rape (summer), high erucic acid-low glucosinolate, cultivar description

Armor BX summer oilseed rape

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
S. R. Rimmer ◽  
R. Scarth
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Armor BX is the first in the Navigator® series of summer oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) canola cultivars, which are resistant to Compas® herbicide, a mix of herbicides including the broadleaf herbicide bromoxynil. It is 60 kg ha–1 (2.5%) higher yielding than the mean of the checks Cyclone, AC Excel and Legend, is 1 g kg–1 higher than the mean of the checks for oil concentration and is moderately resistant to blackleg. Armor BX is adapted to the long- and mid-season B. napus canola-rowing areas of western Canada. Key words: Oilseed rape (summer), bromoxynil resistance, Navigator®, Compas®

scholarly journals Development of pollinium in Malaxis muscifera (Lindl.) Kuntze

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Ravi Kant ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Pollen Mother Cells ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mother Cells ◽  
Hypodermal Layer

Anther primordium of Malaxis muscifera (Lindl.) Kuntze initiated as a homogenous mass of meristematic cells is surrounded by protoderm. Two thecae are oriented towards the labellum, each of them consisted of a mass of archesporial cells. The hypodermal layer of sporogenous cells divide periclinally to form an endothecial, a middle layer and a tapetum. Pollen mother cells formed different types of microspore tetrads. Each microspore divides mitotically resulting a generative and a vegetative cell. Degeneration of the sterile septum resulted four naked and clavate pollinia. Key words: Malaxis muscifera; Anther; Pollinium; Morphogenesis DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i2.7480 Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 193-198, 2010 (December)

Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system maintainer occurrence and frequency in summer rape

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresio C. Riungu ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

No male sterile plants were found in the F1 progeny from crosses between a Diplotaxis muralis cytoplasmic male sterile (mur CMS) semi-winter habit rape (Brassica napus L.) A-line and 101 genetically diverse summer rape cultivars or strains. The frequency of occurrence of mur CMS system maintainer genotypes in summer rape is very low, possibly zero. Key words: Mur CMS system; Brassica napus L.

Effects of burial, stem portion and cultivar on the decomposition of canola straw

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Blenis ◽  
Pak S. Chow ◽  
Gary R. Stringam
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Straw Decomposition ◽  
One Year ◽  
Surface Decomposition ◽  
Canola Straw

Buried canola straw underwent 1.6 to 2 times as much decomposition as straw on the soil surface. Decomposition of Brassica napus L. was slightly less than that of B. rapa L. and cultivar effects were small in one year and insignificant in the other. Because treatment effects varied between stems and roots, plant portion likely should be considered in decomposition studies. Key words: canola, straw decomposition, burial, cultivars

Cytomixis in Agropyron cristatum

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. Bauchan ◽  
Li-Ching Wang Linkous ◽  
William Tai
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Pollen Mother Cells ◽  
Meiotic Irregularities ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Mother Cells

An Agropyron cristatum plant (CB-9-41), crested wheat grass, and its vegetative clones have been identified that contain pollen mother cells that have a gain or a loss in chromatin (DNA). CB-9-41 was identified during the course of an experiment to determine the effectiveness of colchicine on the doubling of the chromosome complement. The seeds that produced this plant were presoaked and then treated with a 0.1% aqueous solution of colchicine for 12 h. All stages of meiosis were studied in the original colchicine-treated plant and three vegetative clones that were obtained 17 years later. Approximately 40% of the pollen mother cells had meiotic irregularities. These irregularities were caused by multipolar meiosis (23%), precocious separation of bivalents at metaphase (8%), inversions (6%), and cytomixis (11%). The gain or loss of chromatin occurred as a result of cytomixis. Key words: crested wheat grass, extragenomic chromatin, multipolar meiosis, colchicine.

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