Synergistic interactions of biotic and abiotic environmental stressors on gene expression

Genome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianina Altshuler ◽  
Anne M. McLeod ◽  
John K. Colbourne ◽  
Norman D. Yan ◽  
Melania E. Cristescu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Calcium Pump ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Cuticle Proteins

Understanding the response of organisms to multiple stressors is critical for predicting if populations can adapt to rapid environmental change. Natural and anthropogenic stressors often interact, complicating general predictions. In this study, we examined the interactive and cumulative effects of two common environmental stressors, lowered calcium concentration, an anthropogenic stressor, and predator presence, a natural stressor, on the water flea Daphnia pulex. We analyzed expression changes of five genes involved in calcium homeostasis — cuticle proteins (Cutie, Icp2), calbindin (Calb), and calcium pump and channel (Serca and Ip3R) — using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in a full factorial experiment. We observed strong synergistic interactions between low calcium concentration and predator presence. While the Ip3R gene was not affected by the stressors, the other four genes were affected in their transcriptional levels by the combination of the stressors. Transcriptional patterns of genes that code for cuticle proteins (Cutie and Icp2) and a sarcoplasmic calcium pump (Serca) only responded to the combination of stressors, changing their relative expression levels in a synergistic response, while a calcium-binding protein (Calb) responded to low calcium stress and the combination of both stressors. The expression pattern of these genes (Cutie, Icp2, and Serca) were nonlinear, yet they were dose dependent across the calcium gradient. Multiple stressors can have complex, often unexpected effects on ecosystems. This study demonstrates that the dominant interaction for the set of tested genes appears to be synergism. We argue that gene expression patterns can be used to understand and predict the type of interaction expected when organisms are exposed simultaneously to natural and anthropogenic stressors.

Cooperative signaling between cytokine receptors and the glucocorticoid receptor in the expansion of erythroid progenitors: molecular analysis by expression profiling

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 3136-3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kolbus ◽  
Montserrat Blázquez-Domingo ◽  
Sebastian Carotta ◽  
Walbert Bakker ◽  
Susanna Luedemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Erythroid Progenitors ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Synergistic Interactions

AbstractErythroid progenitors undergo renewal (proliferation without apparent differentiation) in response to erythropoietin (Epo), stem cell factor (SCF), and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone) (Dex). SCF and Dex cooperate with Epo to promote proliferation and inhibit differentiation of erythroid progenitors, while Epo alone is required to protect erythroid cells from apoptosis during terminal red cell maturation. To examine the mechanism of the synergistic interactions of Epo, SCF, and Dex, we analyzed gene expression patterns using DNA chip–based large-scale comparative gene profiling using microarrays enriched in hematopoietic transcripts or containing randomly selected genes. Differentially regulated genes were validated by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results reveal cooperative regulation of gene expression by glucocorticoids and Epo/SCF on a number of genes, such as CIS, BTG1, VDUP1, CXCR4, GILZ, and RIKEN29300106B05. While Epo and SCF never showed opposite effects on gene expression, Dex either enhanced or attenuated the effect of Epo and/or SCF. Several glucocorticoid receptor (GR)–target genes were regulated by Dex only in the presence of Epo and/or SCF, suggesting that the GR functions in the context of a larger transactivation complex to regulate these genes. The data also suggest that modulation of cytokine-induced signals by the GR is an important mechanism in erythroid progenitor renewal.

scholarly journals Cumulative impacts of anthropogenic stressors on macrobenthic communities at a bay-scale: an experimental approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Carrier-Belleau ◽  
Philippe Archambault ◽  
Christopher W. McKindsey
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Manipulative Experiments

Human activities such as maritime transport, fishing and aquaculture create environmental stressors affecting the structure and the functioning of benthic communities. While these disturbances can act individually, they can also act synergistically and lead to changes more difficult to predict. The bay of Sept-Îles hosts a harbour receiving the most important ballast volume in North America and represents one of the most eutrophic bays in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. This project is part of the Canadian healthy oceans network (CHONe II) and attempts to identify the effect of the interaction of anthropogenic stressors on the macrobenthic invertebrate communities in the bay of Sept-Îles. In situ and laboratory manipulative experiments will be conducted to determine the influence of stressors on biological responses when taken individually, and when these stressors interact through time at different intensities. In that way, these experiments will improve our knowledge of cumulated impacts of multiple stressors on the structure of benthic communities. It will also eventually contribute to species conservation and the management of maritime resources.

scholarly journals Cumulative impacts of anthropogenic stressors on macrobenthic communities at a bay-scale: an experimental approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Carrier-Belleau ◽  
Philippe Archambault ◽  
Christopher W. McKindsey
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Manipulative Experiments

Human activities such as maritime transport, fishing and aquaculture create environmental stressors affecting the structure and the functioning of benthic communities. While these disturbances can act individually, they can also act synergistically and lead to changes more difficult to predict. The bay of Sept-Îles hosts a harbour receiving the most important ballast volume in North America and represents one of the most eutrophic bays in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. This project is part of the Canadian healthy oceans network (CHONe II) and attempts to identify the effect of the interaction of anthropogenic stressors on the macrobenthic invertebrate communities in the bay of Sept-Îles. In situ and laboratory manipulative experiments will be conducted to determine the influence of stressors on biological responses when taken individually, and when these stressors interact through time at different intensities. In that way, these experiments will improve our knowledge of cumulated impacts of multiple stressors on the structure of benthic communities. It will also eventually contribute to species conservation and the management of maritime resources.

Gene expression patterns in blood predict future severe endpoints in community acquired pneumonia

Pneumologie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S8-S9
Author(s):  
M Bauer ◽  
H Kirsten ◽  
E Grunow ◽  
P Ahnert ◽  
M Kiehntopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Using cDNA-AFLP During Six Days In Vitro Tuberization of Potato

Zuriat ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nono Carsono ◽  
Christian Bachem
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
In Vitro Tuberization ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Differential Pattern

Tuberization in potato is a complex developmental process resulting in the differentiation of stolon into the storage organ, tuber. During tuberization, change in gene expression has been known to occur. To study gene expression during tuberization over the time, in vitro tuberization system provides a suitable tool, due to its synchronous in tuber formation. An early six days axillary bud growing on tuber induction medium is a crucial development since a large number of genes change in their expression patterns during this period. In order to identify, isolate and sequencing the genes which displaying differential pattern between tuberizing and non-tuberizing potato explants during six days in vitro tuberization, cDNA-AFLP fingerprint, method for the visualization of gene expression using cDNA as template which is amplified to generate an RNA-fingerprinting, was used in this experiment. Seventeen primer combinations were chosen based on their expression profile from cDNA-AFLP fingerprint. Forty five TDFs (transcript derived fragment), which displayed differential expressions, were obtained. Tuberizing explants had much more TDFs, which developmentally regulated, than those from non tuberizing explants. Seven TDFs were isolated, cloned and then sequenced. One TDF did not find similarity in the current databases. The nucleotide sequence of TDF F showed best similarity to invertase ezymes from the databases. The homology of six TDFs with known sequences is discussed in this paper.

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