Linear stochastic optimization applied to biochemical oxygen demand – dissolved oxygen modelling

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Burn ◽  
Edward A. McBean
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Lognormal Distribution ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Chance Constrained Programming ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Transfer Coefficients

A methodology for reflecting stochastic considerations in an optimization model is presented. The technique, which uses chance-constrained programming, is applied to a water quality management problem wherein concern is with the interaction between biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in a river. The uncertainty in the problem is considered to be embodied in transfer coefficients for which a lognormal distribution is derived from moment estimates provided by first-order uncertainty analysis. The appropriateness of the lognormal distribution is confirmed by results from a simulation modelling exercise. Key words: water quality, optimization, uncertainty, mathematical modelling.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Water Quality Characteristics of Kaduna River Receiving Wastewater Discharges

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
H. Garba ◽  
C. A. Elanu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Concentration Levels

An assessment of the chemical characteristics of industrial and domestic wastewater discharges on seven parameters into Kaduna River on a bimonthly basis was carried out. PH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chloride, nitrite, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and iron were analyzed to determine their concentration levels. From the analysis, the highest mean concentration of the parameters were 8.24 of pH, 7.7 mg/l of DO, 233.4 mg/l of chloride, 55.68 mg/l of COD, 27.95 mg/l of nitrite, 122.22 mg/l of BOD, and 17.05 mg/l of iron. After comparing with prescribed standards, it can be concluded that there is evidence of organic and inorganic accumulation of contaminants into River Kaduna.

Modelling of biochemical oxygen demand from limited water quality variable by ANFIS using two partition methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belouz Khaled ◽  
Aidaoui Abdellah ◽  
Dechemi Noureddine ◽  
Heddam Salim ◽  
Aguenini Sabeha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Subtractive Clustering ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Abstract This paper aims to: (1) develop models based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) able to predict five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in Ouizert reservoir; (2) demonstrate the capability of the ANFIS in the practical issues of water quality management; (3) choose the optimal combination of input variables to improve the model performance; (4) compare two ANFIS partition methods, namely subtractive clustering called ANFIS-SC and grid partitioning, called ANFIS-GP. The models were developed using experimental data which were gathered during a ten-year period, at a mean monthly time step (scale). The input data used are total inorganic nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solid, dissolved oxygen and phosphate; the output is five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). Results reveal that ANFIS-SC models gave a higher correlation coefficient, a lower root mean square errors (RMSE) and mean absolute errors than the corresponding ANFIS-GP models. We can conclude that ANFIS-SC has supremacy over ANFIS-GP in terms of performance criteria and prediction accuracy for BOD5 estimation. The results showed that COD is the more effective variable for BOD5 estimating than other parameters, hence COD is the major driving factor for BOD5 modelling through ANFIS.

Analysis of trends in water quality: constructed wetlands in metropolitan Taipei

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2143-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-Y. Cheng ◽  
T.-C. Liu ◽  
G.-S. Shyu ◽  
T.-K. Chang ◽  
W.-T. Fang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Riparian Wetlands ◽  
Mann Kendall Test ◽  
Improve Water Quality

Meandering through the most densely populated metropolitan areas of Taipei, Taiwan, the Danshui River and its tributaries have undergone the construction of 14 wetlands since 2004, as a means to improve water quality. This study was conducted to examine the functional capabilities associated with treating non-point source pollution through these riparian wetlands. Trend analysis was used to differentiate dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, ammonia, and Escherichia coli, among 13 sampling sites using both functions of a Mann–Kendall test and a seasonal Mann–Kendall test. The results show that water quality in Taipei metropolitan rivers has been improving since increasing the number of constructed wetlands and connecting households to the public sewage system. The concentration of pollutants such as those influencing biochemical oxygen demand have gradually declined in drought seasons because riparian wetlands contribute a base flow to dilute riverine pollutants. This paper indicates that the creation of treatment systems influences dissolved oxygen conditions at the municipal scale, suggesting that constructed wetlands could stabilize water quality during extreme hydrological events and improve water quality particularly in times of drought.

scholarly journals Nitrate and biochemical oxygen demand change in a typical Midwest headwater stream in the past two decades

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 519-537
Author(s):  
M. D. Shahin Alam ◽  
Bangshuai Han ◽  
Amy Gregg ◽  
John Pichtel
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Rich Data

Abstract Nitrate and organic contamination from Midwest rivers, including the White River at Muncie, IN, has been an on-going concern and contributes to the hypoxic zone in the Gulf. Despite rich data, recent water quality changes have rarely been investigated. This study employed 16 years of continuous monitoring data, including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and nitrate–nitrite as nitrogen (NN) from five sites near Muncie, and analyzed the water quality trend and pollution sources. A novel approach, Weighted Regression on Time, Discharge and Seasons that allows for the representation of long-term water quality patterns by considering seasonal variance and discharge-related effects over time, is adopted. Flow-normalized BOD and NN concentration and flux both increased, and DO concentration and flux decreased. However, the changes vary among sites. Muncie wastewater treatment plant and combined sewage outflows (CSOs) contribute remarkably to NN pollution during low-flow seasons. Urban and agricultural runoff, and CSOs impact BOD levels. Agricultural runoff contribution to BOD is increasing in recent years. Seasonal patterns of nitrate and BOD in the river are also analyzed. The results are helpful for watershed managers to re-think conservation practices and have indications to water quality management beyond the study area.

scholarly journals Water quality in watershed of the Jaboatão River (Pernambuco, Brazil): a case study

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Donizetti Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
José Galizia Tundisi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Anthropogenic Influences ◽  
Management Information

The purpose of the present work was to evaluate anthropogenic influences on the water quality and to offer a subsidy to the establishment of water quality goals in the Jaboatão River Basin (Pernambuco State, Brazil). Eight sampling points were established and were sampled monthly during one hydrological cycle (March/98-February/99). The following variables were analyzed: temperature, pH, conductivity, chlorine, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliforms, nitrate, total phosphorus and total solids. The most critical variables related to water quality objectives were dissolved oxygen, fecal coliforms and total phosphorus. Maps of land use, legally protected areas, area industries, and water withdrawals were utilized in order to propose division of the watershed into regions and to provide water quality management information.

Long-Term Trends of Water Quality in Upstream of Daling River in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 673-677
Author(s):  
Hui Xiu Wu ◽  
Cui Ling Jiang ◽  
Zhong Du
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
North China ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Increasing Trends

Long-term trends and spatial patterns of water quality at 5 stations in the upstream of the Daling River basin of North China were examined for 5 parameters—pH, suspended sediment (SS), dissolved oxygen (DO), permanganate demand (CODMn) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). Analysis determined the trends of parameters of each station between 1987 and 2007. The variations in permanganate demand and biochemical oxygen demand showed increasing trends and the variations in dissolved oxygen were decrease in 1990s. Multi-year average values of permanganate demand and dissolved oxygen in Chaoyang station and Jianping station were 2.8 mg/L, 37.6 mg/L and 9.6 mg/L, 6.1 mg/L, respectively. The parameter characteristics of water quality in flood and dry season showed significant heterogeneity at main stream and tributary. Correlations between parameters were analyzed using a regression analysis method. The correlations of each parameter determined there were linear negative correlation between dissolved oxygen and permanganate demand, dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand at Habaqi station, Dachengzi station and Chaoyang station. The permanganate demand and biochemical oxygen demand was significant positive correlation in 3 stations.

scholarly journals REDUÇÃO DA CARGA ORGÂNICA LANÇADA EM UM TRECHO DO RIO CAPIBARIBE PARA ATENDIMENTO À LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL (Reduction Of Organic Loading Launched In A Specific Area In The Capibaribe River To Comply With Environmental Legislation)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Renato Alves Pereira ◽  
Diogo Henrique Fernandes Da Paz ◽  
Ioná Maria Beltrão Rameh Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Sanitation Infrastructure

A bacia hidrográfica do rio Capibaribe apresenta sérios problemas de poluição. Isto se deve a falta de infraestrutura sanitária dos municípios que margeiam o rio atrelado às baixas taxas de vazões. Modelos matemáticos de qualidade da água são importantes ferramentas no estudo dos efeitos da poluição por fontes pontual e não pontual, bem como a avaliação de cenários, visando o cumprimento da legislação. Este artigo apresenta os resultados da modelagem matemática da qualidade da água, utilizando o modelo QUAL-UFMG, especificamente no trecho localizado entre o ponto da estação de monitoramento (39150000) e a (39188000), totalizando um trecho de 41,2 km, que compreende os municípios de Paudalho, São Lourenço da Mata e Camaragibe na bacia do rio Capibaribe, em Pernambuco. A pesquisa obteve os dados de entrada requeridos pelo modelo, efetuou-se a calibração dos parâmetros e, em seguida, realizou-se a validação para o ano de 2011 referentes ao Oxigênio Dissolvido e a Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio. Como conclusão, observou-se que o esgoto doméstico advindo dos municípios de Paudalho, São Lourenço da Mata e Camaragibe e do matadouro localizado em São Lourenço da Mata, contribuem consideravelmente para a poluição do rio Capibaribe neste trecho.  A B S T R A C TThe catchment area of the Capibaribe river presents serious water quality problems. This is due the lack of sanitation infrastructure in the municipalities bordering the Capibaribe river coupled up to low flows rate. Mathematical models of water quality are important tools in the study of pollution effects, specifically point and non-point sources, as well as on the scenarios evaluation, aiming to comply with the legislation. This article shows the results from a mathematical modeling of water quality using the QUAL-UFMG model in the Capibaribe river basin specifically the portion situated between the station (39150000) and (39188000), Totaling 41,2km (approximately 25,60mi), using techniques of Geographic Information Systems (SIG). The study obtained the input data required by the model and made the calibration parameters and then there was the validation for the year 2011 related to dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand. We conclude that the domestic sewage arising from the cities of Paudalho, São Lourenço da Mata and Camaragibe and the slaughterhouse located in São Lourenço da Mata contribute significantly to the pollution of the Capibaribe river in this area.Keywords: Pollution, QUAL-UFMG, dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand. 

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