Pyridine metabolism by a denitrifying bacterium

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Ronen ◽  
Jean-Marc Bollag
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Pyridine Degradation ◽  
Pyridine Metabolism

A denitrifying bacterium capable of pyridine degradation was isolated from contaminated soil. The Gram-negative bacterium, which was identified as an Alcaligenes sp., rapidly metabolized pyridine under anaerobic conditions with nitrate as electron acceptor. [14C]Pyridine was converted to 14CO2, unidentified polar metabolic products, and labeled biomass. During pyridine metabolism, nitrate was reduced to nitrogen gas via nitrite and nitrous oxide. The molar ratio of pyridine to nitrate strongly affected pyridine metabolism. Maximum pyridine degradation occurred at a nitrate concentration above 5 mM, a temperature of 22–36 °C, and a pH of 6.8–8.0. Key words: pyridine, anaerobic metabolism, denitrifying bacteria, Alcaligenes sp.

scholarly journals Anaerobic metabolism of phthalate and other aromatic compounds by a denitrifying bacterium.

1988 ◽  
Vol 170 (12) ◽  
pp. 5778-5784 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nozawa ◽  
Y Maruyama
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium

scholarly journals Effects of Dinitrophenol and Oligomycin on the Coupling between Anaerobic Metabolism and Anaerobic Sodium Transport by the Isolated Turtle Bladder

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal S. Bricker ◽  
Saulo Klahr
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Anaerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Anaerobic System ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase Activity

Dinitrophenol (1 x 10-5 M) has been found to inhibit anaerobic sodium transport by the isolated urinary bladder of the fresh water turtle. Concurrently, anaerobic glycolysis was stimulated markedly. However, tissue ATP levels diminished only modestly, remaining at approximately 75% of values observed under anaerobic conditions without DNP. The utilization of glucose (from endogenous glycogen) corresponded closely to that predicted from the molar quantities of lactate formed. Thus the glycolytic pathway was completed in the presence of DNP and if ATP were synthesized normally during glycolysis, synthesis should have been increased. On the other hand, the decrease in Na transport should have decreased ATP utilization. Oligomycin did not block sodium transport either aerobically or anaerobically, but ATP concentrations did decrease. When anaerobic glycolysis was blocked by iodoacetate, pyruvate did not sustain sodium transport thus suggesting that no electron acceptors were available in the system. Two explanations are entertained for the anaerobic effect of DNP: (a) Stimulation by DNP of plasma membrane as well as mitochondrial ATPase activity; (b) inhibition of a high energy intermediate derived from glycolytic ATP or from glycolysis per se. The arguments relevant to each possibility are presented in the text. Although definitive resolution is not possible, we believe that the data favor the hypothesis that there was a high energy intermediate in the anaerobic system and that this intermediate, rather than ATP, served as the immediate source of energy for the sodium pump.

scholarly journals Bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide is prevented by the lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate system under anaerobic conditions

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1190-1192
Author(s):  
J Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis

Streptococcus sanguis and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were exposed to various combinations of the components of the lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide system. The bactericidal effect of hydrogen peroxide was prevented under anaerobic conditions by lactoperoxidase together with thiocyanate, but not by lactoperoxidase or thiocyanate alone. Thiocyanate was effective already at a molar ratio to hydrogen peroxide of 1:100.

Metabolic and Tissue Solute Changes Associated With Changes in the Freezing Tolerance of the Bivalve Mollusc Modiolus Demissus

1977 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
DENNIS J. MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Arrhenius Plot ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

1. A physiological mechanism responsible for increasing the freezing tolerance of the bivalve Modiolus demissus (Dillwyn) following low-temperature acclimation was demonstrated. 2. The rates of oxygen consumption of M. demissus acclimated to temperatures between 0 and 24 °C were presented as an Arrhenius plot. A change in slope occurred at 10 °C, suggesting that temperature alone was not responsible for the increased decline in the rate of oxygen consumption below 10 °C. 3. Low-temperature acclimation had no effect on blood Na+ or K+ concentrations but did reduce the concentration of blood Mg2+ and, in addition, resulted in the accumulation of end-products characteristic of anaerobic metabolism - tissue alanine and proline, and blood Ca2+. Furthermore, maintenance of M. demissus under anaerobic conditions increased freezing tolerance. 4. Taken together, these data indicate that the increased freezing tolerance of M. demissus acclimated to low temperatures involves a conversion to anaerobic metabolism. 5. The increase in blood Ca2+ following low-temperature acclimation was associated with the increased freezing tolerance. Finally, Mg2+ simulated the effect of Ca2+ on freezing tolerance, but was only 20% as effective. 6. These results suggest that a Ca2+-dependent mechanism responsible for increasing the freezing tolerance of M. demissus exists, and that the increase in blood Ca2+ is due to a conversion to anaerobic metabolism.

Effects of preillumination with light of different wavelengths on subsequent dark CO2-fixation in Chlorella cells

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigetoh Miyachi ◽  
Daisuke Hogetsu
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Pep Carboxylase ◽  
Radioactive Carbon ◽  
Initial Fixation ◽  
Dark Fixation ◽  
Dark Co2 Fixation

The effects of preillumination with monochromatic red or blue light on the subsequent dark 14CO2-fixation in Chlorella cells were studied under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions. When the cell suspension was made aerobic by bubbling air (CO2-free) throughout the periods of preillumination and the following dark 14CO2-fixation, the initial fixation product was mainly PGA. The radioactive carbon first incorporated in PGA was transferred mostly to aspartate during the later periods of dark 14CO2-fixation. The rate of 14C-incorporation into aspartate after preillumination with blue light was 2 to 3 times as high as that observed after red-light pretreatment. The observations support our previous inference that the activity of PEP carboxylase in Chlorella cells is stimulated by preillumination with blue light. When nitrogen gas was used during preillumination and the subsequent dark fixation, the radioactivity of 14C incorporated during the initial enhanced 14CO2-fixation was eventually transferred to alanine and lactate. The increase in radioactivity of alanine and lactate was more pronounced during dark fixation after preillumination with red light than after preillumination with blue light.

The effect of microbial sulfidogenesis on the stability of As–Fe coprecipitate with low Fe/As molar ratio under anaerobic conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 7267-7277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaofeng Wang ◽  
Xin Yu He ◽  
Rongrong Pan ◽  
Liying Xu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
The Stability

Anaerobic metabolism of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) by a denitrifying bacterium

1996 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 402-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. C. Bonting ◽  
Georg Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium

scholarly journals Cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxyl-CoA hydratase, an enzyme involved in anaerobic metabolism of benzoyl-CoA in the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica

1998 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Laempe ◽  
Wolfgang Eisenreich ◽  
Adelbert Bacher ◽  
Georg Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Denitrifying Bacterium ◽  
Thauera Aromatica

scholarly journals Products of Anaerobic Metabolism of Tetrathionate by Thiobacillus X

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Trudinger
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Growth History ◽  
Major Reaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elementary Sulphur

Under anaerobic conditions tetl'athionate was metabolized by washed cells of Thiobacillus X to thiosulphat,e, sulphate, and smnll amounts of trithionate and pentathionate. Depending upon the growth history of the cells large amounts of either elementary sulphur or higher polythionates were also former1. Some oxidation of the inner sulphur of tetrathionate occurred during tho metabolism of t�etra� thionate under nitrogen. The quantitative relationships between the amounts of tetrathionate metabolized and the products suggested that a major reaction was hydrolysis according to the equation:

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