AMINOACIDURIA IN RATS AFTER TREATMENT WITH THE ETHYL ESTER OF GAMMA-BUTYROBETAINE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esau A. Hosein ◽  
Margaret Smart ◽  
Kathleen Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Muscle Proteins

Previous workers have shown that the urine of patients with muscular dystrophy contains excessive amounts of amino acids. Using paper chromatographic analysis, these workers found that the amino acid methylhistidine is among those excreted in large amounts. Rats do not normally excrete methylhistidine, but in our experiments it was found that intramuscular injection of the ethyl ester of gamma-butyrobetaine into rats caused both the excretion of methylhistidine and an excessive aminoaciduria, presumably through the breakdown of muscle proteins.

AMINOACIDURIA IN RATS AFTER TREATMENT WITH THE ETHYL ESTER OF GAMMA-BUTYROBETAINE

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esau A. Hosein ◽  
Margaret Smart ◽  
Kathleen Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Muscle Proteins

Previous workers have shown that the urine of patients with muscular dystrophy contains excessive amounts of amino acids. Using paper chromatographic analysis, these workers found that the amino acid methylhistidine is among those excreted in large amounts. Rats do not normally excrete methylhistidine, but in our experiments it was found that intramuscular injection of the ethyl ester of gamma-butyrobetaine into rats caused both the excretion of methylhistidine and an excessive aminoaciduria, presumably through the breakdown of muscle proteins.

THE EFFECT OF BETAMETHASONE ON GLUCOSE PRODUCTION AND ON GLUCONEOGENESIS FROM AMINO ACIDS IN SHEEP

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. B. REILLY ◽  
E. J. H. FORD
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Steroid Administration ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Mean Glucose

SUMMARY Primed continuous infusions of tracer amounts of [U-14C]glucose and of [U-14C]labelled mixed amino acids were used to measure plasma glucose and amino acid entry rates and to obtain an index of the incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose by sheep before and 24 h after a single intramuscular injection of betamethasone. Maximum hyperglycaemia occurred 24 h after administration of the steroid, but there was no significant change in arterial amino acid concentration. Mean glucose entry rate was significantly raised 24 h after steroid administration. The rate of incorporation of amino acid carbon into glucose also increased significantly. The increases in plasma glucose concentration and in glucose entry confirm the authors' previous results. The results also indicate that a significant proportion of the additional glucose entry is synthesized from amino acid carbon.

AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE OF NORMAL AND ARTHRITIC SUBJECTS BEFORE AND AFTER A GLYCINE LOAD GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Derrick ◽  
Audrey P. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serum And Urine

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE OF NORMAL AND ARTHRITIC SUBJECTS BEFORE AND AFTER A GLYCINE LOAD GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1005-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Derrick ◽  
Audrey P. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serum And Urine

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

D-Mannitol Interferes with Amino Acid Analysis of Marine Organisms

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Fong ◽  
R. K. O'dor
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Protein S ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Acid hydrolysis of a protein in the presence of D-mannitol, a common constituent of marine algae, can cause significant reductions in the recovery of a number of amino acids. The new compounds formed by the interactions of D-mannitol and these amino acids may interfere in the chromatographic analysis of other amino acids. The recoveries of most of the amino acids appear to be either directly or inversely proportional to the amount of D-mannitol added to a protein sample before acid hydrolysis. These results suggest that it is necessary to determine the effects of contaminants in a sample of protein(s) on the recoveries of amino acids during routine acid hydrolysis. Key words: kelp, amino acids, carbohydrates, D-mannitol

Components in brain heart infusion selective for chromogenic variants of Staphylococcus aureus

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Parisi ◽  
Michael P. Kiley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Complete Synthetic Medium ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Large numbers of chromogenic variants were isolated from cultures of a parent strain of Staphylococcus aureus growing in the dialysate but not in the residue of brain heart infusion (Difco). Gas–liquid chromatographic analysis of the dialysate detected 18 amino acids in this medium. Large numbers of chromogenic variants also were isolated from 13 of 18 synthetic media deficient in a single amino acid but not in the complete synthetic medium containing all 18 amino acids. Gas–liquid chromatographic analysis detected marked quantitative differences in the amino acid metabolites present in a complete synthetic medium and the synthetic medium deficient in arginine after growth for 12 days. The data suggest that differences in the amino acid metabolism of the parent and chromogenic variants could account for the population changes observed in brain heart infusion.

Amino acid composition of casein isolated from the milks of different species

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Lauer ◽  
Bruce E. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Musk Ox

Casein was isolated from the milks of the following species: cow, horse, pig, reindeer, caribou, moose, harp seal, musk-ox, polar bear, dall sheep, and fin whale. The caseins were subjected to acid hydrolysis, the resultant amino acids were converted to their n-butyl-N-trifluoroacetyl esters, and the amino acid composition of the caseins was determined by gas chromatographic analysis of these esters. Notable among the results was the close similarity, with respect to amino acid composition, of reindeer and caribou caseins. The results of the amino acid analyses of the other caseins are presented and discussed.

SYNTHESIS OF A NEW α-AMINO ACID, S-METHYL-β,β-DIMETHYLCYSTEINE

1946 ◽  
Vol 24b (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Savard ◽  
Edwin M. Richardson ◽  
Gordon A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Ester Hydrochloride ◽  
First Time

A new sulphur-containing α-amino acid, S-methyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine has been prepared from S-benzyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine. These two compounds and the intermediate β,β-dimethylcysteine may be of physiological importance.S-Benzyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine has been prepared by the addition of benzyl mercaptan to α-benzoylamino-β,β-dimethylacrylic acid, its azlactone, and methyl ester, followed by hydrolysis.In addition to the above three new sulphur-containing α-amino acids, the following compounds are described, as far as the authors are aware, for the first time: methyl α-benzoylamino-β,β-dimethylacrylate, S-benzyl-N-benzoyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine and its methyl ester, the hydantoin of S-benzyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine, and S-benzyl-β,β-dimethylcysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride, and helianthate.

Urinary Amino Acid and Peptide Excretion Patterns in Patients with Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne): A Preliminary Study with the AutoAnalyzer

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton L Maskaleris ◽  
Stanislaw Gross ◽  
Ade T Milhorat
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Urinary Amino Acids ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Urinary Amino ◽  
First Time ◽  
Peptide Fractions ◽  
Urine Specimens

Abstract An amino acid AutoAnalyzer was used to monitor the excretion patterns of the urinary amino acids and peptides of 7 male patients (aged 3-17) with muscular dystrophy of the Duchenne type. In comparison with the output of 8 healthy boys (aged 3-12), on the average, a reduction in the excretion of Thr, Ser, Gly, Ala, Val, Ile, Tyr, Lys, and His over a 24-hr period was found in the urine of the patients, although the number of analyses was too small for statistically significant conclusions. The content of Asp, Glu, Phe, and Leu was about equal, and Pro and Hyp were present in very small quantities. Also, for the first time, a peptide analyzer was used to study the bound components from urine specimens of the patients. Excretion patterns of several peptides in three of the above patients aged 3-17 were found to differ from those of the controls. Of the six major peptide fractions examined, five were present in smaller amounts in the urine of patients; only one was elevated. It appears from these preliminary results that further study of the excretion patterns of amino acids and peptides of dystrophic patients is worthwhile, and that study of the peptides should be given preference.

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