Generation of regression models and multi-response optimization of friction stir welding technique parameters during the fabrication of AZ80A Mg alloy joints

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
P. Sevvel ◽  
C. Satheesh ◽  
R. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Quadratic Regression Model ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Response Optimization ◽  
Az80a Mg Alloy ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Welding Technique

Conventional methodologies employed for the selection of weld process parameters for fabricating sound quality weldments have been found to consume more time and are often unreliable. Therefore, in this paper, an analysis was made to develop a quadratic regression model and empirical relationships by employing response surface methodology between various input parameters of the friction stir welding (FSW) technique including rotational speed of tool, axial force, and traversing speed of tool and five responses of output including percentage of elongation, yield strength, tensile strength, grain size, and microhardness. The discrepancies between the anticipated values and the genuine experimental outcomes are within ±1%, which reveals that the established mathematical quadratic regression model was a good fit to the actual experimental results. The experimental analysis also determined the elite combination of input parameters of the FSW technique for the output parameters.

Effect of Porosity Content on the Weldability of Powder Metal Parts Produced by Friction Stir Welding

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 789-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Kurt ◽  
Ilyas Uygur ◽  
Hakan Ates
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Powder Metal ◽  
Aluminum Powders ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Metal Parts ◽  
Constant Friction ◽  
Sintered Powder ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Welding Technique ◽  
Traveling Speed

Friction stir welding technique (FSW) has many advantages in terms of tool design, rotational speed and traveling speed, and can be adjusted in a precise manner. It enables heat input into the system to be controlled. In this study, Aluminum powders were compacted at 350,400 and 450 MPa pressure and sintered at 450 oC temperature for 30 minutes in Ar atmosphere. Sintered powder metal parts were joined to each other by FSW at the speed of 1800 rpm and traveling welding speed 200 mm/min under a constant friction force. The results show that the amount of porosity affects the weldability of powder metallurgy (P/M) parts. Furthermore, the porosity and microstructural evolution of the Aluminum also affected the hardness values of the tested materials.

Numerical Simulation of Plunge Force During the Plunge Phase of Friction Stir Welding and Ultrasonic Assisted FSW

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanghyun Park ◽  
Bongsuk Kim ◽  
Jun Ni
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hybrid Welding ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibrations ◽  
Welding Quality ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Welding Force ◽  
Welding Technique

Ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding (UaFSW) is an hybrid welding technique, where high frequency vibration is superimposed on the movement of a rotating tool. The benefit of using ultrasonic vibration in the FSW process refers to the reduction in the welding force and to the better welding quality. The UaFSW system is being developed and its mechanism needs to be understood using both the experiments and the numerical simulations. In this paper, FE simulations of FSW and UaFSW using ABAQUS/Explicit were carried out to examine plunge forces during the plunge phase of FSW and UaFSW, respectively. First, the simulations of the conventional FSW process were validated. Then, simulation of UaFSW process was performed by imposing sinusoidal horizontal ultrasonic vibrations on the tool.

Distribution of Bark Procyanidin Contents in Pinus yunnanensis Populations and Related Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zhang ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Chuntang Mao ◽  
Yuanbing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Related Species ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Quadratic Regression Model ◽  
Pinus Yunnanensis ◽  
Northwest Yunnan ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitat ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

The distribution of the bark procyanidin contents in 26 populations of Pinus yunnanensis and 8 populations of P. kesiya var. langbianensis and 5 populations of P. densata was determined. The results indicated that genetic and environmental factors commonly affected the procyanidin content in the populations of P. yunnanensis and related species. The procyanidin contents in the three related species followed the order of P. densata (54.72 mg/g) > P. kesiya (43.86 mg/g) > P. yunnanensis (37.95 mg/g). Furthermore, the procyanidin content in P. yunnanensis and related species had high variability. The procyanidin contents in the three related species showed that the procyanidin contents of P. densata distributed in northwest Yunnan and P. kesiya distributed in southern Yunnan were high, the procyanidin content of the population with introgression and hybridization or a heterogeneous habitat was also high, and that of P. yunnanensis distributed in central Yunnan was low. The quadratic regression model of procyanidin content and latitude was Y = 1329.06 -100.52* Latitude +1.95 * Latitude2.

scholarly journals The Effects of In-Process Cooling during Friction Stir Welding of 7475 Aluminium Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2743-2754
Author(s):  
Ashish Jacob ◽  
Sachin Maheshwari ◽  
Arshad Noor Siddiquee ◽  
Abdulrahman Al-Ahmari ◽  
Mustufa Haider Abidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Welding Technique

Certain age hardenable alloys such as AA7475 cannot be joined with perfection using fusion welding techniques. This requires non-conventional welding technique such as friction stir welding process to join these ‘difficult to weld’ alloys. In this study, three different cooling conditions i.e. cryogenic, sub-zero, and zero-degree Celsius temperature conditions have been analyzed to understand its impact on the welding process. In-process cooling was found to behave effectively and also enhanced the mechanical properties of the welded joints. A stable microstructure was clearly seen in the images observed under the metallurgical microscope. The weld efficiencies were found to be good in each of the samples which are indicative of a strong metallic joint. The effective cooling conditions employed had an overall positive impact on the joint.

scholarly journals Friction stir welding of Aluminium matrix composites – A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu Subramanya ◽  
Murthy Amar ◽  
Shettigar Arun ◽  
Herbert Mervin ◽  
Rao Shrikantha
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Aluminium Matrix ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Aluminium Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Profiles ◽  
Welding Technique

Friction stir welding (FSW) is established as one of the prominent welding techniques to join aluminium matrix composites (AMCs). It is a solid state welding process, takes place well below the melting temperature of the material, eliminates the detrimental effects of conventional fusion welding process. Although the process is capable to join AMCs, challenges are still open that need to be fulfill to widen its applications. This paper gives the outline of the friction stir welding technique used to join AMCs. Effect of process variables on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints, behavior of reinforcing materials during welding, effect of tool profiles on the joint strength are discussed in detail. Few improvements and direction for future research are also proposed.

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