OCCURRENCE OF TRANS-3-HEXADECENOIC ACID IN A SEED OIL

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2224-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Hopkins ◽  
Mary J. Chisholm
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Unsaturated Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Alkaline Permanganate ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

trans-3-Hexadecenoic acid was found to be a component of the glyceride oil of seeds of Heleniumbigelowii A. Gr. It constituted about 10% of the total fatty acids. The acid was isolated and identified by oxidative cleavage and by its infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) spectra. Reaction with alkaline permanganate gave 3-hydroxypalmito-γ-lactone. Mild alkaline treatment of methyl 2 tyrans-3-hexadecenoate caused a shift of the double bond to the 2-position. A sample of Heleniumhoopesii seed oil did not contain any trans-unsaturated acid.

Some reactions of sterculic and malvalic acids. A new source of malvalic acid

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Roomi ◽  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sterculic Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Malvalic Acid ◽  
Alkaline Permanganate ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Oxidation of sterculic acid by aqueous alkaline permanganate gave 9,11-dioxononadecanoic acid. Oxidation of sterculic acid by peracetic acid gave a mixture of 9-oxononadec-10-enoic and 11-oxononadec-9-enoic acids. Acetolysis of malvalic acid gave a mixture of 8-hydroxy-9-methylene-heptadecanoic and 9-hydroxy-8-methylene-heptadecanoic acids. Seed oil of Pterospermum acerifolium Willd. (family Sterculiaceae) contained malvalic acid as its major cyclopropenoid component. It comprised about 16% of the total fatty acids.

11-OCTADECENOIC ACID AND OTHER FATTY ACIDS OF ASCLEPIAS SYRIACA SEED OIL

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Chisholm ◽  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Dihydroxystearic Acid ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidative Splitting

The seed oil of Asclepiassyriaca L., family Asclepidaceae, was examined by gas chromatography and distillation of the methyl esters. The fatty acids were found to include a considerable proportion of cis-11-octadecenoic acid, which has not been observed previously in seed oils. It was obtained as a concentrate [Formula: see text] by low-temperature crystallization of the C18 acids and identified as 11,12-dihydroxystearic acid. The amount of 11-octadecenoic acid in the oil was determined by oxidative splitting of the total fatty acids and estimation of the resulting azelaic and undecanedioic acids by gas chromatography.The C16 acids included 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, which is rare in seed oils,and an unusually large proportion of 9-hexadecenoic acid. The percentage composition of the fatty acids was estimated from the data as follows: palmitic 4,9-hexadecenoic 10, 9,12-hexadecadienoic 2, stearic < 1, oleic 15, 11-octadecenoic 15, linoleic 53, linolenic < 1. The unsaturated acids have the cis configuration.

scholarly journals Channeling of Eukaryotic Diacylglycerol into the Biosynthesis of Plastidial Phosphatidylglycerol

2006 ◽  
Vol 282 (7) ◽  
pp. 4613-4625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Fritz ◽  
Heiko Lokstein ◽  
Dieter Hackenberg ◽  
Ruth Welti ◽  
Mary Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Plants

Plastidial glycolipids contain diacylglycerol (DAG) moieties, which are either synthesized in the plastids (prokaryotic lipids) or originate in the extraplastidial compartment (eukaryotic lipids) necessitating their transfer into plastids. In contrast, the only phospholipid in plastids, phosphatidylglycerol (PG), contains exclusively prokaryotic DAG backbones. PG contributes in several ways to the functions of chloroplasts, but it is not known to what extent its prokaryotic nature is required to fulfill these tasks. As a first step toward answering this question, we produced transgenic tobacco plants that contain eukaryotic PG in thylakoids. This was achieved by targeting a bacterial DAG kinase into chloroplasts in which the heterologous enzyme was also incorporated into the envelope fraction. From lipid analysis we conclude that the DAG kinase phosphorylated eukaryotic DAG forming phosphatidic acid, which was converted into PG. This resulted in PG with 2–3 times more eukaryotic than prokaryotic DAG backbones. In the newly formed PG the unique Δ3-trans-double bond, normally confined to 3-trans-hexadecenoic acid, was also found in sn-2-bound cis-unsaturated C18 fatty acids. In addition, a lipidomics technique allowed the characterization of phosphatidic acid, which is assumed to be derived from eukaryotic DAG precursors in the chloroplasts of the transgenic plants. The differences in lipid composition had only minor effects on measured functions of the photosynthetic apparatus, whereas the most obvious phenotype was a significant reduction in growth.

THE FATTY ACIDS OF HARE'S-EAR MUSTARD SEED OIL

1946 ◽  
Vol 24b (5) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Fractionation Method

The fatty oil of hare's-ear mustard seed (Conringia orientalis L.) was examined. Constants of the oil were determined and a partial separation of the fatty acids was carried out by the methyl ester fractionation method. Palmitic, oleic, linoleic, eicosenoic, erucic, and lignoceric acids were identified. Erucic acid was found to be present in largest amount. The oil resembles rapeseed and other Cruciferae seed oils in this respect. The content of eicosenoic acid is estimated to be not more than 12% of the total fatty acids.

Study on Antioxidant Activities of Pinus armandi franch Seed Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1294-1301
Author(s):  
Jian Xia Guo ◽  
Chang Lu Wang ◽  
Zhi Jian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties

Pinus armandi franch is a unique specialty plant in China and its seed oil contains high levels of essential fatty acids (EFA), particularly linoleic acid (LA), which has several pharmaceutical properties. Pinus armandi franch seed oil is a nice resource of linoleic acid with a content of 63% of the total fatty acids. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid, whose absence in a normal diet is responsible for the development of various abnormal disorders. This work reported purified LA from Pinus armandi franch seed oil could lower MDA content of lipid peroxidation on rats with hyperlipidemia significantly. TAC activity of liver, heart and serum was enhanced significantly, as well as SOD activity was increased. It demonstrated purified LA from Pinus armandi franch seed oil could improve antioxidant levels of hyperlipidemia rats effectively, enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme and reduce the content of lipid peroxide, thereby improving lipid metabolism.

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