scholarly journals The effect of time and site on incidence and spread of pruning-related decay in plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M Barry ◽  
Malcolm F Hall ◽  
Caroline L Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Over Time

Quantitative information on stem decay in eucalypt plantations grown for solid wood products, with consideration of the effect of site, pruning, and spread of decay with time, is required for the prediction of harvest yield and quality. A trial at three Eucalyptus nitens (Dean & Maiden) Maiden plantations in Tasmania revealed that the effect of time on the number and size of decay columns was substantially greater than the effect of site or of whether trees were pruned or not. Length of decay columns was 3.4-fold greater on average for the trees assessed 5.5 years after pruning than at 1 year. All decay columns in pruned trees were restricted to the knotty core, and the amount of decay-free clearwood increased over time. A controlled wounding trial showed that decay in sapwood was not significantly different in length with site but was mainly determined by the fungal species used. Ongoing research to monitor the spread of decay in pruned plantation-grown E. nitens will be important to enable prediction of the future impact of decay on harvest yields of solid wood products.

Markets, Products and Technology in the 21st Century – A Canadian Solid Wood Products Perspective

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert T. Schuler ◽  
Jamie K. Meil
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Wood Protection ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Engineered Wood Products ◽  
The Future ◽  
Product Technology ◽  
Wood Products Industry ◽  
Conversion Technologies

This paper explores trends in the future development of the Canadian wood products industry in relation to technology, products and markets. Our analysis suggests that the wood products industry of the future may be characterized by: smaller economic units; vertical and horizontal integration to better utilize the resource and add value; market diversification; large multinational corporations; shift from commodities to engineered wood products; resource neutral conversion and product technology; shift from structural to semistructural applications and a move to more environmentally acceptable products and conversion technologies such as biocontrol for wood protection and preservation and energy-self sufficient mills. Key words: Markets, solid wood products industry, technology, competitive position.

Stem eccentricity, crown dry mass distribution, and longitudinal growth strain of plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens after thinning

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2209-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Medhurst ◽  
Maria Ottenschlaeger ◽  
Matthew Wood ◽  
Chris Harwood ◽  
Chris Beadle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Wind Exposure ◽  
Pith Eccentricity

Silvicultural treatments that aim to improve tree growth rates also have the potential to alter physical characteristics of the tree stem and thus affect the recovery of solid-wood products. We tested the hypothesis that manifest crown asymmetry in thinned Eucalyptus nitens (Deane & Maiden) Maiden plantations was affecting the development of stem shape. The crown and stem characteristics of 15 E. nitens trees from a 22-year-old thinning trial in northeastern Tasmania were examined. The trial had been thinned 16 years previously. Lowering the intensity of local intraspecific competition through thinning increased the crown dry mass in the north-facing aspect. No direct link was found between crown dry mass distribution and stem eccentricity. The direction of pith eccentricity at 3.0 m height was confined to the northwest and southeast sectors and averaged 11%; the degree of noncircularity in stems at 3.0 m height was strongly related to the ratio of stem diameter to total height squared. These results suggest that the dynamic loading from wind exposure plays a greater role in determining the extent and direction of pith eccentricity and stem cross-sectional circularity in E. nitens than does the static load from asymmetrical crown dry mass distribution.

scholarly journals Silvicultura de plantaciones de Eucaliptos para productos de madera sólida de alto valor en el Sur de Australia = Silviculture of eucalypt plantations in Southern Australia for high-value solid wood products

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
T.G. Baker ◽  
P.W. Volker
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
El Sistema

La mayoría de las plantaciones de Eucalyptus han sido establecidas en la región templada de Australia (Australia Occidental, Australia Meridional, Victoria y Tasmania). Eucalyptus globulus es la principal especie en el área, con casi todas las plantaciones bajo el sistema de rotación corta para la producción de pulpa. En Tasmania y en Victoria, tal como en Chile, E. nitens ha sido utilizado como un sustituto de E. globulus, particularmente donde las bajas temperaturas son una limitante para esta última especie. La creciente reserva de bosques naturales, que han sido la fuente del tradicional recurso de la madera aserrada, ha despertado el interés en los productos de madera sólida de estas nuevas plantaciones de Eucalyptus. Hay resistencia a la utilización de la madera solida de Eucalyptus proveniente de plantaciones, principalmente de las industrias procesadoras debido a las dudas sobre la calidad de la madera y la idoneidad de las trozas para el procesamiento. Se requerirán muchas investigaciones para despejar estos temores. Este artículo describe algunos resultados de las investigaciones sobre las propiedades madereras y silvícolas de las plantaciones de Eucalyptus en el sur de Australia, además de las actuales prioridades y actividades de investigación.

Radio frequency vacuum drying of Eucalyptus nitens juvenile wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 4886-4897
Author(s):  
Rubén A. Ananías ◽  
Víctor Sepúlveda-Villarroel ◽  
Natalia Pérez-Peña ◽  
José Torres-Mella ◽  
Linette Salvo-Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Conventional Kiln Drying ◽  
Vacuum Method

Wood drying is an important process for adding value and manufacturing innovative products. Eucalyptus nitens wood is inherently difficult to dry because of its natural propensity for checking as well as collapse and shrinkage. Lumber recovery after industrial drying of eucalypts is also very low. This study measured the wood quality of E. nitens juvenile wood (13 mm thickness) after radio-frequency vacuum (RFV) drying and wood dried in a conventional kiln dryer (KD). Drying cycles were performed using a radio frequency vacuum dryer with a 3 m3 of capacity and convective kiln-dryer equipment with a 3.5 m3 of capacity. The results showed that the drying time using the radio frequency vacuum method was reduced by 47% when compared to conventional kiln drying. The shrinkage was significantly lower in the RFV than in the conventional KD. The volumetric collapse decreased by approximately 60% in the RFV drying. RFV drying of E. nitens juvenile wood improves the wood quality for solid wood products because the intensity of surface checking and collapse are reduced.

scholarly journals Managing Australia’s eucalypt gene pools: assessing the risk of exotic gene flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Larcombe ◽  
Brad M. Potts ◽  
Rebecca C. Jones ◽  
Dorothy A. Steane ◽  
João Costa E. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Centre Of Origin ◽  
Eucalypt Species ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
The Many

Most eucalypts are endemic to Australia but they have been introduced into more than 100 countries and there are now over 20 million hectares of eucalypt plantations globally. These plantations are grown mainly for pulpwood but there is expanding interest in their use as a renewable source of solid wood products and energy. In Australia, the eucalypt plantation estate is nearing one million hectares, located mainly in temperate regions and dominated by Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens (subgenus Symphyomyrtus), which are grown mainly outside their natural ranges. While eucalypt species from different major subgenera do not hybridise, hybrids within subgenera are often reported, including hybrids with plantation species. Concerns were raised in the late 1990s that pollen-mediated gene flow from locally exotic plantation eucalypts may affect the integrity of adjacent native eucalypt gene pools. As Australia is the centre-of-origin of most eucalypt species used in plantations around the world, exotic gene flow is one of the many issues that require management for industry sustainability and certification purposes. We here summarise over a decade of research aimed at providing the framework and biological data to help assess and manage the risk of gene flow from these plantations into native gene pools in Australia.

scholarly journals The EU Bioeconomy: Supporting an Employment Shift Downstream in the Wood-Based Value Chains?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Robert ◽  
Ragnar Jonsson ◽  
Rafał Chudy ◽  
Andrea Camia
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Eu

Monitoring employment in the European wood-based bioeconomy requires reliable, consistent, and comparable statistics across subsectors and over time. Statistics concerning employment in wood-based industries—the main component of the forest-based bioeconomy—must be processed carefully to cope with differences in definitions and estimation methods. In addition, specific methods must be applied to estimate wood-based employment in sectors including also non-wood activities. In this study, we first delineate the boundaries of the wood-based bioeconomy, and then create a harmonised time series on employment for the identified sectors. Finally, we estimate the share of wood-based employment along the value chain in all sectors using wood. According to the results, forestry and extended wood-based value chains employed 4.5 million people in the EU-28 in 2018. Employment in wood-based value chains decreased between 2008 and 2013 in the aftermaths of the financial crisis. Continuously decreasing employment—most apparent in the manufacture of solid wood products and pulp and paper—results from increasing productivity and a decreasing demand for graphic paper. Further, most of the wood-based employment in the EU takes place in downstream parts of value chains, although the weight of the primary sector is still high in some Eastern European countries.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of microfibril angle and its relationship with solid wood and pulpwood traits in two progeny trials of Eucalyptus nitens in Tasmania

Holzforschung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel F. Rocha-Sepúlveda ◽  
Dean Williams ◽  
Mario Vega ◽  
Peter A. Harrison ◽  
René E. Vaillancourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Genotype By Environment

Abstract Microfibril angle (MFA) is a key biological trait contributing to wood stiffness, which is a common breeding objective for solid wood products in many tree species. To explore its genetic architecture, area-weighted MFA was measured in two Eucalyptus nitens progeny trials in Tasmania, Australia, with common open-pollinated families. Radial strips were extracted from 823 trees in 131 families and MFA assessed using SilviScan-2®. Heritability, genotype-by-environment interaction and inter-trait genetic correlations were evaluated to examine the genetic variability and stability of MFA and its relationships with other solid wood and pulpwood selection traits. Significant family variation was found for MFA in both trials. There was no significant genotype-by-environment interaction and the across-site narrow-sense heritability was 0.27. MFA was genetically independent of basic density, growth, and tree form. However, MFA was strongly and favourable genetically correlated to acoustic wave velocity in standing trees, modulus of elasticity and kraft pulp yield (KPY). The present study has shown that genetic improvement of E. nitens for pulpwood selection traits is unlikely to have adversely affected MFA, and thus timber stiffness. Rather these results suggest the possibility that selection for increased KPY may have indirectly improved MFA favourably for solid wood products.

Drying of Eucalyptus nitens for solid wood products

Impact ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
Rub,n A. ANANIAS
Keyword(s):  
Solid Wood ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens

scholarly journals Physico-mechanical properties of thermally modified Eucalyptus nitens wood for decking applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Wentzel ◽  
Óscar González-Prieto ◽  
Christian Brischke ◽  
Holger Militz
Keyword(s):  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Thermal Modification ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Quality Material

Eucalyptus nitens is a fast growing plantation species that has a good acclimation in Spain and Chile. At the moment it is mainly used for pulp and paper production, but there is a growing market for solid wood products made from this species. Thermal modification offers a good alternative to produce high quality material to manufacture products with high added value. This study used unmodified and thermally modified E. nitens wood from Spanish and Chilean plantations to elaborate external decking and examine if it complies with the necessary properties to be a competitive product. A process similar to ThermoWood® was applied at the following temperatures: 185 °C, 200 °C and 215 °C. For each modification and for an unmodified specimen mass loss, volumetric swelling, anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) were determined. Brinell hardness, dynamic hardness, screw and nail withdrawal resistance, and abrasion resistance according to the Shaker method and the Taber Abraser method were also determined. According to this study, thermally modified E. nitens from both countries showed high potential to be used as decking material, particularly when modified at 200 °C.

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