Nutrient cycling in two continuous cover scenarios for forest conversion of pine plantations on sandy soil. II. Nutrient cycling via throughfall deposition and seepage flux

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gielis ◽  
A. De Schrijver ◽  
K. Wuyts ◽  
J. Staelens ◽  
J. Vandenbruwane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Shelterwood Cut ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Throughfall Deposition

This study examined ion throughfall deposition and seepage fluxes in silver birch (Betula pendula L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) regenerations a decade after a forest conversion intervention in two continuous cover scenarios (shelterwood cut versus group cut), as well as a 70-year-old control stand of Scots pine. Ion throughfall deposition was significantly influenced by the conversion scenario, being higher in the shelterwood cut than in the group cut. Compared with the control stand, nitrogen and acidifying throughfall deposition was significantly lower (–60%) in all regeneration types except for the birch regeneration under shelter. After shelter removal, ion throughfall deposition was significantly lower in all regeneration types than in the control stand. Seepage of NO3– and SO42– was significantly affected by the tree species, being higher in the birch than the pine regenerations, and SO42– seepage was significantly higher under shelter than in the group cut. After shelter removal, neither tree species nor scenario influenced the SO42– seepage, whereas the tree species still affected NO3– seepage. We conclude that the chosen forest conversion scenario is of profound influence on the ion throughfall and seepage fluxes during the first phase of a forest conversion process.

Nutrient cycling in two continuous cover scenarios for forest conversion of pine plantations on sandy soil. I. Nutrient cycling via aboveground tree biomass

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Schrijver ◽  
G. Geudens ◽  
K. Wuyts ◽  
J. Staelens ◽  
L. Gielis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Canopy Exchange ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Continuous Cover Forestry ◽  
Aboveground Tree Biomass

Conversion of coniferous pine plantations into mixed-species forests on sandy soils is an important concern for forest and nature management in Europe. However, little is know of the effect of the applied sylvicultural strategy on biogeochemical cycling throughout the conversion process. This study examined the aboveground biomass production and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) cycling in terms of litterfall, immobilization in stems and branches, canopy exchange, and yearly root uptake in two scenarios of continuous cover forestry a decade after the first intervention for converting a homogeneous Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest. Four regeneration types were studied: silver birch (Betula pendula L.) and pine after a shelterwood cutting and birch and pine after a group cutting. In conclusion, it can be stated that both the tree species and the conversion scenario influence the circulation of nutrients through the forest ecosystem: cycling of N, P, and K is determined by the tree species as well as the conversion scenario, whereas circulation of Ca and Mg is predominantly influenced by the type of conversion.

scholarly journals Early Field Performance of Small-Sized Silver Birch and Scots Pine Container Seedlings at Different Planting Depths

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Laura Pikkarainen ◽  
Jaana Luoranen ◽  
Heli Peltola
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Deep planting is recommended in Nordic countries only for normal-sized container seedlings planted on mounds. Its effects on smaller-sized seedlings are poorly understood. We studied the effects of planting depth on the early field performance of small-sized silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) container seedlings. Silver birch seedlings (mean height of 16 cm) were planted to depths of 3, 6 and 8 cm on spot mounds in May 2016. Scots pine seedlings (mean height of 9 cm) were planted to depths of 2, 5 and 8 cm on inverted mounds in September 2018 and May 2019. At the end of the first growing season, the deeper-planted birch seedlings were the tallest, as opposed to the deeper-planted Scots pine seedlings. However, the height differences between the planting depths were not apparent until the end of the second growing season in both tree species. Deeper planting decreased damage in Scots pine seedlings in the first growing season, which was not observed in silver birch. Based on our findings, small-sized Scots pine and silver birch seedlings can be planted safely at 6–8 cm planting depths, if at least 20% and 50% of their shoots, respectively, are above ground.

scholarly journals Soil carbon and nutrient stocks under Scots pine plantations in comparison to European beech forests: a paired-plot study across forests with different management history and precipitation regimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Diers ◽  
Robert Weigel ◽  
Heike Culmsee ◽  
Christoph Leuschner
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Total N ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract Background Organic carbon stored in forest soils (SOC) represents an important element of the global C cycle. It is thought that the C storage capacity of the stable pool can be enhanced by increasing forest productivity, but empirical evidence in support of this assumption from forests differing in tree species and productivity, while stocking on similar substrate, is scarce. Methods We determined the stocks of SOC and macro-nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium and magnesium) in nine paired European beech/Scots pine stands on similar Pleistocene sandy substrates across a precipitation gradient (560–820 mm∙yr− 1) in northern Germany and explored the influence of tree species, forest history, climate, and soil pH on SOC and nutrient pools. Results While the organic layer stored on average about 80% more C under pine than beech, the pools of SOC and total N in the total profile (organic layer plus mineral soil measured to 60 cm and extrapolated to 100 cm) were greater under pine by about 40% and 20%, respectively. This contrasts with a higher annual production of foliar litter and a much higher fine root biomass in beech stands, indicating that soil C sequestration is unrelated to the production of leaf litter and fine roots in these stands on Pleistocene sandy soils. The pools of available P and basic cations tended to be higher under beech. Neither precipitation nor temperature influenced the SOC pool, whereas tree species was a key driver. An extended data set (which included additional pine stands established more recently on former agricultural soil) revealed that, besides tree species identity, forest continuity is an important factor determining the SOC and nutrient pools of these stands. Conclusion We conclude that tree species identity can exert a considerable influence on the stocks of SOC and macronutrients, which may be unrelated to productivity but closely linked to species-specific forest management histories, thus masking weaker climate and soil chemistry effects on pool sizes.

scholarly journals Bark Characteristics of Scots Pine Logs

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ferréol Berendt ◽  
Erik Pegel ◽  
Lubomir Blasko ◽  
Tobias Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Bark Damage ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
High Degree

The wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) shows good properties as building and construction timber but also as furniture or pulp and paper, and thus, is one of the most commercially important European tree species. Scots pine are mostly harvested and processed with a high degree of mechanization. In Northeast Germany (federal states of Brandenburg and Berlin), 36% of harvested Scots pine have a diameter at breast height (DBH) between 7 and 19.9 cm. As a typical industrial wood assortment, a large proportion of the resulting small-sized logs are used in the wood industry to produce boards. Although bark is considered a by-product or waste product of the industry, no actual study has quantified the bark thickness, bark volume, bark mass and bark damage of such Scots pine logs. Therefore, the bark characteristics from 50 logs from 10 different piles were analyzed. Bark volume was quantified using the water displacement method, bark mass by weighing, bark thickness with a precision caliper and bark damage by tape measurements. The diameters of the analyzed 150 log discs were normally distributed and the mean value was 12.9 cm. The results showed average bark damages from 12.0%, which were mostly caused during the felling and processing of logs with the harvester. No significant correlation was found between double bark thickness (mean: 3.0 mm) and the diameter; whereas fresh bark volume (mean: 5.6%) and dry bark mass (mean: 3.3%) were significantly affected by the diameter. As shown for spruce by other authors, bark characteristics may change over time and therefore, should be measured regularly. Moreover, it was shown that bark parameters are site dependent. Thus, quantifying bark characteristics for economically important tree species at both the local and national scale is of great relevance. More detailed analyzes are described by Berendt et al. (2021) [1].

Genetic Variability in Two Tree Species, Acer platanoides L. and Betula pendula Roth, With Contrasting Life-history Traits

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Eriksson ◽  
Sanna Black-samuelsson ◽  
Martin Jensen ◽  
Tor Myking ◽  
Mari Rusanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth

Forest floor mass and nutrients in two chronosequences of plantations: Jack pine vs. black spruce

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Krause
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Natural Forests

The purpose of this study was to determine whether change of forest cover had an effect on the development of the organic surface horizons, particularly on those variables that influence nutrient cycling and forest productivity. Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) plantations were selected from among the youngest to oldest (2–16 yr) within a 100 km2 area in southeastern New Brunswick. Natural forests were also included as benchmark sites. The forest floor and tree foliage was sampled and trees measured on 0.05-ha plots. The forest floor samples were used to determine organic mass, nutrient contents and pH. In pine plantations, organic matter accumulated rapidly during the period of exponential tree growth, but leveled off at about 45 Mg ha–1. This was within the range of benchmark sites with mixed conifer-hardwood cover. In spruce plantations, the forest floor mass ranged upward to 77 Mg ha–1. Development was strongly influenced by the nature of the previous forest. Spruce forest floors were on average more acid and had lower nutrient concentrations, particularly N and Ca. The observed differences suggest that nutrients are recycled more rapidly in the pine plantations, partly explaining the superior growth of the latter. Key words: Forest floor, Kalmia angustifolia L., Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P., Pinus banksiana Lamb., nutrient cycling, plantation forest

Effects of diversity of tree species on nutrient cycling and soil-related processes

CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katayoun Haghverdi ◽  
Yahya Kooch
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Tree Species

Leaves of common urban tree species (Aesculus hippocastanum, Acer platanoides, Betula pendula and Tilia cordata) as a measure of particle and particle-bound pollution: a 4-year study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Aničić Urošević ◽  
Gordana Jovanović ◽  
Nenad Stević ◽  
Isidora Deljanin ◽  
Miroslav Nikolić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Urban Tree

scholarly journals Broad Leaf Trees as Reservoirs for Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kabíček
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Salix Caprea ◽  
Broad Leaf

The possibility that broad leaf trees can be reservoirs for phytoseiid mites was investigated by determining their occurrence and species diversity on common deciduous tree species. No phytoseiid mites were found on Betula pendula and Populus tremula. Altogether  280 specimens of phytoseiids belonging to six species (Neoseiulella ace-ri, N. tiliarum, Paraseiulus soleiger, Euseius finlandicus, Phytoseius severus, Typhlodromus rhenanus) were found on Acer platanoides, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Salix caprea. Ph. severus was the dominant phytoseiid species on S. caprea, while N. aceri was most abundant on A. platanoides. The greatest abundance and species diversity of phytoseiids were found on S. caprea that can thus constitute an excellent reservoir for some phytoseiid mites, particularly Phytoseius spp.  

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