tree biomass
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Jurnal Wasian ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Andes Rozak ◽  
◽  
Destri Destri ◽  
Zaenal Mutaqien

Indonesia is estimated to have 14,5 million hectares of karst areas. The characteristic of karst vegetation is specific, one of which is the dominance of small trees. With all of the potency, their vegetation acts as a significant carbon sequester and store it in biomass. This study aims to estimate and discuss biomass estimation in the karst forest within the Nature Recreational Park of Beriat, a protected area in South Sorong, West Papua. A total of 28 plots were made in the forest using the purposive random sampling method. Tree biomass (DBH ≥10 cm) was estimated using five different allometric equations. The results showed that the biomass was estimated at ca. 264 Mg ha-1 (95 % CI: 135-454 Mg ha-1). While small trees (DBH 10 – 30 cm) only contribute 30 % of the total biomass, about 38 % of the biomass is the contribution of large trees (DBH >50 cm), where Pometia pinnata contributes ca. 39 % of the biomass at plot-level. The use of various allometric equations results in different biomass estimates and biases with deviations ranged from -14.78 % to +17.02 % compared to the reference equation. Therefore, the selection of allometric equations used must be considered carefully to reduce uncertainties in biomass estimation.


Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2722
Author(s):  
Ján Merganič ◽  
Viliam Pichler ◽  
Erika Gömöryová ◽  
Peter Fleischer ◽  
Marián Homolák ◽  
...  

(1) Background: Boreal forests influence global carbon balance and fulfil multiple ecosystem services. Their vegetation growth and biomass are significantly affected by environmental conditions. In the present study we focused on one of the least accessible and least studied parts of the boreal region situated in the western part of Putorana plateau, Central Siberia (Lama and Keta lakes, Krasnoyarsk region), northern Russia. (2) Methods: We derived local height-diameter and crown radius-height models for six tree species. We used univariate correlation and multiple regression analyses to examine the relationships between tree biomass and environmental conditions. (3) Results: Total tree biomass stock (aboveground tree biomass + aboveground and buried deadwood) varied between 6.47 t/ha and 149 t/ha, while total deadwood biomass fluctuated from 0.06 to 21.45 t/ha. At Lama, biomass production decreased with elevation. At Keta, the relationship of biomass to elevation followed a U shape. Stand biomass changed with micro-terrain morphology and soil nutrient content, while the patterns were location-specific. (4) Conclusions: The majority of the derived models were significant and explained most of the variability in the relationships between tree diameter or crown radius and tree height. Micro-site environmental conditions had a substantial effect on tree biomass in the studied locations.


Author(s):  
Zhuangzhuang Qian ◽  
Xiaomin Ge ◽  
Yunxia Bai ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Shunyao Zhuang ◽  
...  

The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of two densities (278 stems·ha−1 with two spacings of 6 m × 6 m or 4.5 m × 8 m, 400 stems·ha−1 with two spacings of 5 m × 5 m or 3 m × 8 m) and three poplar clones (NL95, NL895, and NL797) on productivity and carbon (C) sequestration of poplar ecosystems. The results showed that planting density significantly affected the biomass of a single tree. The mean tree biomass of clone NL95 was higher in all spacings than that of the other clones, with a significant difference for the 6 m × 6 m spacing. The biomass of poplar trees ranged from 78.9 to 110.3 Mg·ha−1, with the highest tree biomass observed in the square configuration. Soil C concentration (0–100 cm) increased after 12 years of management. Soil C storage ranged from 138.1 to 164.3 Mg C·ha−1, and the highest soil C storage was in the NL797 poplar plantation with 6 m × 6 m spacing. Our results suggested that clones NL95 and NL797 should be chosen for planting, with a planting density of 278 stems·ha−1 and spacing of 6 m × 6 m.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antun Jelinčić ◽  
Dora Papković ◽  
Željka Zgorelec ◽  
Aleksandra Perčin

Abstract To date, changes in C and nutrient cycling during succession are somewhat studied, however, results are often contrasting for different nutrients and successional sequences. Generally, due to increment of litter rich in lignocellulosic components during late succession, mineralization of nutrients is expected to decelerate, and large amounts of nutrients become captivated within tree biomass. We investigated the changes in community composition following secondary succession of oak-hornbeam forest after grassland abandonment, along with the differences in soil chemistry between early- and late- successional stages. We aimed to discover whether late succession increases soil organic C and total N and S pool, but decreases the pools of plant available P and K, and that of micronutrients due to their captivation within the tree biomass.The successional sequence studied had a following pathway: Helictotrichon pubescens haypastures à Brachypodium pinnatum successional grasslands à Cornus sanguinea scrubs à late-successional Populus tremula forests à late-successional oak-hornbeam (Quercus-Carpinus) forests. Total species number was highest in haypastures and lowest in late-successional P. tremula forest. Species richness of haypastures was higher from that of mid-successional scrub and late-successional forest stages. Species richness did not differ between mid-successional scrub and late-successional forest stages. Occurrences of plant species throughout secondary succession was mostly stage-specific; only Fragaria vesca, Ajuga reptans, Cornus sanguinea, Prunus spinosa, and Viola hirta showed survival ability throughout almost all stages. Late-successional forest stages had a higher soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), and KA concentration, along with the higher soil C:N and C:S ratio in A horizon compared to early-successional grassland stages, whereas concentrations of plant available P and total N, S, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Fe remained unaltered.Even though late-successional forest stages tighten the nutrient cycles through nutrient captivation within the tree biomass, we found that late succession efficiently retained PA and micronutrient pools and even increased KA concentration in the A horizon, despite the fact that great amounts of these nutrients were already excluded from the nutrient cycle. Despite the contradicting C inputs, soil total N and S concentration did not differ between late-successional forest and early-successional grassland stages.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antun Jelinčić ◽  
Dora Papković ◽  
Željka Zgorelec ◽  
Aleksandra Perčin

Abstract BackgroundTo date, changes in C and nutrient cycling during succession are somewhat studied, however, results are often contrasting for different nutrients and successional sequences. Generally, due to increment of litter rich in lignocellulosic components during late succession, mineralization of nutrients is expected to decelerate, and large amounts of nutrients become captivated within tree biomass. We investigated the changes in community composition following secondary succession of oak-hornbeam forest after grassland abandonment, along with the differences in soil chemistry between early- and late- successional stages. We aimed to discover whether late succession increases soil organic C and total N and S pool, but decreases the pools of plant available P and K, and that of micronutrients due to their captivation within the tree biomass. ResultsThe successional sequence studied had a following pathway: Helictotrichon pubescens haypastures à Brachypodium pinnatum successional grasslands à Cornus sanguinea scrubs à late-successional Populus tremula forests à late-successional oak-hornbeam (Quercus-Carpinus) forests. Total species number was highest in haypastures and lowest in late-successional P. tremula forest. Species richness of haypastures was higher from that of mid-successional scrub and late-successional forest stages. Species richness did not differ between mid-successional scrub and late-successional forest stages. Occurrences of plant species throughout secondary succession was mostly stage-specific; only Fragaria vesca, Ajuga reptans, Cornus sanguinea, Prunus spinosa, and Viola hirta showed survival ability throughout almost all stages. Late-successional forest stages had a higher soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), and KA concentration, along with the higher soil C:N and C:S ratio in A horizon compared to early-successional grassland stages, whereas concentrations of plant available P and total N, S, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Fe remained unaltered.ConclusionsEven though late-successional forest stages tighten the nutrient cycles through nutrient captivation within the tree biomass, we found that late succession efficiently retained PA and micronutrient pools and even increased KA concentration in the A horizon, despite the fact that great amounts of these nutrients were already excluded from the nutrient cycle. Despite the contradicting C inputs, soil total N and S concentration did not differ between late-successional forest and early-successional grassland stages.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12686
Author(s):  
Rudolf Petráš ◽  
Julian Mecko ◽  
Ján Kukla ◽  
Margita Kuklová ◽  
Danica Krupová ◽  
...  

The paper considers energy stored in above-ground biomass fractions and in model trees of the main coniferous woody plants (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., Abies alba Mill., Pinus sylvestris (L.), Larix decidua Mill.), sampled in 22 forest stands selected in different parts of Slovakia. A total of 43 trees were felled, of which there were 12 spruces, 11 firs, 10 pines, and 10 larches. Gross and net calorific values were determined in samples of wood, bark, small-wood, twigs, and needles. Our results show that these values significantly depend on the tree species, biomass fractions, and sampling point on the tree. The energy stored in the model trees calculated on the basis of volume production taken from yield tables increases as follows: spruce < fir < pine < larch. Combustion of tree biomass releases an aliquot amount of a greenhouse gas—CO2, as well as an important plant nutrient, nitrogen—into the atmosphere. The obtained data must be taken into account in the case of the economic utilization of energy stored in the fractions of above-ground tree biomass and in whole trees. The achieved data can be used to assess forest ecosystems in terms of the flow of solar energy, its accumulation in the various components of tree biomass, and the risk of biomass combustion in relation to the release of greenhouse gases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Muthmainnah ◽  
A Abdullah ◽  
A Ridha ◽  
S Rusyidi

Abstract This study aimed to determine the biomass potential of Trigona sp honey bees in Bontotiro subdistrict as well as its carbon stock and carbon sequestration. The research was carried out for two months starting from May to June 2021, located in the sub district of Bontotiro, district of Bulukumba. The biomass measurement was carried out by making 11 plots with a size of 20 x 20 for the tree level, 10 m x 10 m for the poles level, and 5 m x 5 m for the sapling level. Tree biomass was calcula ted using allometric equations. Measurement of carbon stocks was carried out by multiplying the total biomass with the percentage value of carbon content of 0.47, while the carbon sequestration was calculated by multiplying the average annual growth of biomass with the conversion rate of 1.4667 obtained from the photosynthesis equation. The results showed that the potential of biomass of tree, poles, and sapling levels were 4.5, 1.4, and 0.3 tons/year, respectively. The carbon stocks of the tree, poles, and sapling levels were 68.6, 13.7, and 1.8 tons/year, respectively. The carbon sequestration of the tree, poles, and sapling were 6.6, 2.1, and 0.56 tons/year, respectively.


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