Field performance of Douglas-fir seedlings after treatment with fungicides

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings grown in containers with pasteurized or nonpasteurized potting mixture and treated with benomyl, captan, fenaminosulf, or ethazol, or left untreated were outplanted in the Cascade Range of western Oregon. The seedlings from all treatments appeared to have been in similar condition at time of planting, so neither nursery managers nor silviculturists would have suspected effects of the treatments to carry over to field performance. After 7 years, however, seedlings grown in pasteurized potting medium survived better than those grown in nonpasteurized medium. Furthermore, survival of benomyl-treated seedlings in pasteurized potting mixture was higher than survival of those grown in pasteurized mixture without any fungicide treatment and survival of ethazol-treated seedlings in unpasteurized mixture was lower than those in unpasteurized mixture without fungicide treatment. There was no evidence that the nursery treatments adversely affected seedling height or mycorrhizal development.

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Aboveground Field Performance of Douglas-Fir Heartwood Subjected to Combinations of Glycerol, Boron, and Thermal Modification

Forest Products Journal ◽

10.13073/fpj-d-20-00058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 42-45

Author(s):

Li Yan ◽

Jed Cappallazzi ◽

Jeffrey J. Morrell

Keyword(s):

Field Performance ◽

Decay Resistance ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Thermal Modification ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Consistent Effect ◽

Wood Protection ◽

Copper Azole ◽

Better Than

Abstract The effect of pretreatment with either boron or glycerol followed by thermal modification on the durability of Douglas-fir heartwood was evaluated in an American Wood Protection Association ground proximity test in Hilo, Hawaii. Non–thermally modified samples were generally more heavily decayed than any of the modified woods, but there was no consistent effect of different thermal modification conditions on decay resistance. Thermally modified woods tended to perform better than untreated timbers but not as well as copper azole–treated Douglas-fir heartwood lumber in test at the same site. The results are discussed in relation to how the extreme site conditions might have made it difficult for thermally modified materials to perform.

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Early Development of Three Douglas-Fir Stocktypes on a Droughty Skeletal Soil

Western Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/wjaf/4.1.21 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephen D. Hobbs ◽

Michael S. Crawford ◽

Beverly A. Yelczyn

Keyword(s):

Surface Soil ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Field Performance ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Root Characteristics ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Seedling Root ◽

Absolute Growth ◽

Southwest Oregon ◽

Better Than

Abstract Three stocktypes of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) were planted in a droughty, skeletal soil in southwest Oregon. After 5 years, container-grown plugs and plug-1 transplants survived significantly better than 2-0 bareroots. Seedling root systems were largely confined to the surface soil, with relatively little development upslope or deeper than 15 cm. Stocktype morphology differed significantly at planting. However, annual absolute growth, annual relative growth, and shoot and root characteristics did not differ significantly after 5 years. These results suggest that, on similar sites, seedling morphological characteristics within the range of those measured in this study may not affect growth and that stocktype designation along may not be adequate for predicting field performance. West. J. Appl. For. 4(1):21-24, January 1989.

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An evaluation of the Kemtek 1000 sample processor

Journal of Automatic Chemistry ◽

10.1155/s1463924688000100 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. J. Wheeler ◽

Linzi Waiters

Keyword(s):

Probe System ◽

Carry Over ◽

Set Up ◽

Accuracy Speed ◽

Better Than ◽

The Way

The Kemtek 1000 Sample Processor has been evaluated for precision, accuracy, speed and reliability. Precision was better than 1.0% at all volumes tested and accuracy within ±5%. A l00-tube assay could be set up within 15 min when patient specimens plus two reagents were sampled using a two probe system. Carry-over could be reduced to <0.01% by using a sufficient number of wash steps, the latter being related to the assay requirements. Evidence was found for adsorption of protein to the probe tubing but inaccuracies due to this could be reduced by introducing wash steps between samples. Problems over 12 months have been minor and quickly resolved. The authors were pleased with the way the processor performed and their staffhave confidence in leaving it to set up their assays.

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Effect of Dormancy Breaking Treatments on Germination of Palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer L.)

Indian Journal of Forestry ◽

10.54207/bsmps1000-2021-444cx2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 114-118

Author(s):

Poomaruthai Masilamani ◽

◽

Velanganni Alex Albert ◽

Marimuthu Govindaraj ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Performance ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Seedling Height ◽

Dormancy Breaking ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Field Emergence ◽

Sowing Seed ◽

And Control

Studies were carried to find out the effect of pre-sowing seed treatments to alleviate the dormancy of Palmyrah. A total of ten pre- sowing treatments viz., soaking in water for 24 h, soaking in 1% cow dung solution for 24 h and control (dry seeds) were given to fresh nuts of Palmyrah. At 4, 7, 12, 18 and 24 months after planting in the field, performance of seedlings were evaluated for field emergence, seedling height and the results revealed that seeds soaked in 1% cow dung solution followed by seeds soaked in 1% CaOCl2 (103 days). Seven months after sowing the seeds soaked in 1% CaOCl2 recorded the highest field emergence of 56% with high leave production per seedling (2.1) when compared to control. This study also confirms the effect of pre-sowing treatments on field emergence and frond production of Palmyrah nut which has dormancy.

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Effects of Douglas-fir 2+0 seedling morphology on field performance

New Forests ◽

10.1007/bf00037469 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 19-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alan J. Long ◽

Byron D. Carrier

Keyword(s):

Field Performance ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Seedling Morphology

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Effects of variations in stand structure on development of mixed-species stands in eastern Washington

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x93-072 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 545-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

David F. Cobb ◽

Kevin L. O'hara ◽

Chadwick D. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Stand Structure ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Cascade Range ◽

Stand Development ◽

Mixed Species ◽

Western Larch ◽

Development Patterns ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Eastern Washington

The development of six mixed-species, even-aged stands was reconstructed in the eastern Washington Cascade Range. All stands were within the Grand Fir Climax Series and began following stand replacement disturbances. Western larch (Larixoccidentalis Nutt.) and lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud.), when present, formed an upper stratum over interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii var. glauca (Beissn.) Franco) and grand fir (Abiesgrandis (Dougl.) Lindl.) in all six stands. Establishment patterns and species composition affected stand development patterns. Douglas-fir benefitted from the absence of lodgepole pine; grand fir benefitted from the absence of Douglas-fir, but apparently not from the absence of lodgepole pine. Lodgepole pine had faster initial diameter growth rates than western larch when it became established relatively early and in large numbers.

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Short-day treatment alters Douglas-fir seedling dehardening and transplant root proliferation at varying rhizosphere temperatures

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x08-020 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1526-1535 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Douglass F. Jacobs ◽

Anthony S. Davis ◽

Barrett C. Wilson ◽

R. Kasten Dumroese ◽

Rosa C. Goodman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Cold Hardiness ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Field Performance ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Day Length ◽

Root Production ◽

Root Proliferation ◽

Cold Temperatures ◽

Short Day

We tested effects of shortened day length during nursery culture on Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedling development at dormancy release. Seedlings from a 42°N source were grown either under ambient photoperiods (long-day (LD)) or with a 28 day period of 9 h light : 15 h dark photoperiods (short-day (SD)). Seedlings were periodically removed from freezer storage from January to May. Sensitivity of plant tissues to cold temperatures was investigated via electrolyte leakage at nine test temperatures ranging from 2 to –40 °C. New root growth was assessed with rhizosphere temperatures of 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C. From 2 to –13 °C, there was no difference between treatments in cold hardiness. However, at or below –18 °C, LD seedlings exhibited higher indices of damage than SD seedlings. The LT50 (temperature at which 50% cell electrolyte leakage occurred) was consistently lower for SD than LD seedlings. Rhizosphere temperature differentially influenced new root proliferation: LD seedlings had greater new root production than SD seedlings at 20 °C, whereas the opposite response was detected at 10 °C. Our results confirm photoperiod sensitivity of Douglas-fir sources from relatively low (i.e., <45°N) latitudes. Increased spring cold hardiness and greater rooting at lower rhizosphere temperatures may improve field performance potential of SD-treated seedlings.

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Carbon and nitrogen allocation patterns of Douglas-fir seedlings fertilized with nitrogen in autumn. II. Field performance

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x86-161 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 903-909 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

H. A. Margolis ◽

R. H. Waring

Keyword(s):

Free Amino ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Field Performance ◽

Growing Season ◽

Frost Damage ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Summer Drought ◽

Tree Roots ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Relative Growth Rates

October-fertilized and unfertilized 2-0 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were outplanted the following February. Half of each planting block was seeded with grass to induce water stress during the typical summer drought. Sucrose was applied to soil around each seedling to limit availability of nitrogen to tree roots. Fertilized seedlings broke bud 9–10 days earlier, produced more shoot growth, and, as shown in later harvests, had higher relative growth rates than unfertilized seedlings. However, initial differences in growth response were due primarily to the earlier budbreak. Seedlings growing with grass had predawn water potentials of −1.5 MPa by early August; by September 3, unfertilized seedlings growing with grass were significantly more stressed than any others. Although free amino acid and total nitrogen concentrations were higher in fertilized than unfertilized seedlings when planted, they became equal by the end of one growing season. However, fertilized seedlings contained more free amino acids and nitrogen because of their greater size. Grass competition affected both seedling nitrogen and carbohydrate chemistry. After one growing season, fertilized seedlings had greater height increment, shoot growth, leaf area, relative growth rate, and production per unit nitrogen. Although autumn fertilization benefited these Douglas-fir seedlings, negative effects could result from carbohydrate depletion because of increased respiration or from frost damage because of earlier budbreak.

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Frost hardiness, root growth capacity, and field performance relationships in interior spruce, lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and western hemlock seedlings

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x90-073 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 566-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

David G. Simpson

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

Field Performance ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Frost Hardiness ◽

Western Hemlock ◽

Growth Capacity ◽

Root Growth Capacity ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Interior Spruce

Interior spruce (Piceaglaucaengelmannii complex), lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) were grown from seed for 20 weeks in containers, with 18-h photoperiods. Fortnightly, over a 12-week acclimation period (September 7 – December 1) outdoors at Vernon, B.C., samples were taken for (i) foliage frost hardiness measurement, (ii) poststorage root growth capacity, and (iii) outplanting on forest sites. In all species, frost hardiness and root growth capacity increased with weeks of acclimation. Frost hardiness and root growth capacity were correlated with each other in western hemlock, lodgepole pine, and Douglas-fir, and with field performance (survival or growth) in interior spruce, lodgepole pine, and Douglas-fir.

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567 PB 006 AUXIN SENSITIVITY OF DOUGLAS-FIR STEM CUTTINGS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.513a ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 513a-513

Author(s):

William M. Proebsting

Keyword(s):

Douglas Fir ◽

The Other ◽

Tree Plantations ◽

Christmas Tree ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Wide Range ◽

Better Than

Douglas-fir clones have a wide range of rooting potential, but the species is generally considered difficult to root. We have reported previously that NAA is approximately 14-times more active than IBA in the clones tested, with an optimum of about 5 to 10 mM NAA. In contrast, other programs routinely use about 25 mM IBA to propagate Douglas-fir cuttings, a concentration that is relatively inactive in our clones. To address questions raised by these observations, we have incorporated auxin treatments into our long term program to select Douglas-fir clones with high rooting potential. We collect 20 cuttings of each clone identified in Christmas tree plantations, and retain clones rooting ≥ 80%. Beginning in 1991, we treated 10 cuttings of each clone with 5 mM NAA, the other 10 cuttings with 25 mM IBA. Over three years, 1158 clones received the split treatments. Of 222 clones rooting ≥ 80%) approximately half rooted ≥ 80% in response to NAA only. The remainder either responded to IBA or to both NAA and IBA. These results support our previous observations that NAA stimulates rooting of Douglas-fir better than IBA. However, they also suggest that there may be clones sensitive to IBA or to both NAA and IBA.

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