Germination of cut seeds and seedling growth of ash (Fraxinus spp.) in vitro

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Preece ◽  
Sharon A. Bates ◽  
J.W. Van Sambeek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Epicotyl Elongation ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Mature Seeds

Nonstratified seeds of different genotypes of Fraxinusamericana L. (white ash), Fraxinuspennsylvanica Marsh, (green ash), and Fraxinusangustifolia Vahl. ssp. oxycarpa (narrowleaf ash, of Afghanistan origin) were surface disinfested, cut, and germinated in vitro on agar-solidified MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing sucrose and various plant growth regulators. Before placing in vitro, approximately one-third of the seed opposite the radicular end was excised and discarded, or the apical and basal 1 mm tips of the seed were aseptically excised. Within 1 week, viable seeds germinated. Cotyledons emerged, elongated, expanded, and turned green. After 2 weeks hypocotyls and radicles elongated. White and green ash genotypes germinated at different rates; generally >80% of seeds placed in vitro germinated. Genotype and the presence of thidiazuron in the medium had an effect on seedling development (hypocotyl and epicotyl elongation). Immature as well as nonstratified mature seeds germinated and grew. Epicotyls were excised, rooted, and established in the greenhouse.

scholarly journals 664 PB 104 AGROBACTERIUM INFECTION OF WHITE ASH (FRAXINUS AMERICANA L.)

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 528a-528
Author(s):  
Sharon A. Bates ◽  
John E. Preece ◽  
John H. Yopp
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Gall Formation ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Seedling Explants

Both greenhouse-grown white ash plants derived from tissue culture and rooted microshoots in high humidity trays were inoculated with 11 tumor-inducing Agrobacterium strains. Eight strains stimulated mutative gall formation. Plants inoculated with strain A281 exhibited a higher frequency of callus formation (greenhouse-22.2%; microshoots-18.8%) than other strains at the site of the wound. Therefore, strain A281 was used to inoculate seed and seedling explants in vitro. Explants were placed on MS medium containiner no plant growth regulators and inoculated at 0, 3, 5, 7, or 10 days after initiation. Plants inoculated at 10 days showed a higher frequency of callus formation (16.4%) than with earlier inoculations. Also, rewounding of the explant at inoculation resulted in a higher frequency of callus formation (11.3%) compared to not rewounding the explant (3.9%).

scholarly journals In vitro propagation from nodal segments of Lippia origanoides (chemotype A)

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Sebastián Ramírez Moreno ◽  
Sergio Andrés Vega Porras ◽  
Roosevelt Humberto Escobar ◽  
Elena E. Stashenko ◽  
Jorge Luis Fuentes Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium

ABSTRACT: This research described an efficient micropropagation protocol for Lippia origanoides (Verbenaceae). Sterile seeds were used to obtain germinated seedlings in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with sucrose and agar. The nodal segments obtained from seedlings were grown on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA), benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) with BAP. The callus induction, shoots length, shoots number and root length, were analyzed. The treatments showed high percentage of callus formation at 0.5 to 1.5 mg L-1 of BAP alone or in combination with NAA (0.1 mg L-1). The highest value of shoot number per nodal segments was obtained at 1.5 mg L-1 of BAP (4.3 ± 0.8). The obtained plantlets were better rooted in vitro in the absence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and they showed acclimatization rate of 90%. We reported a protocol for in vitro propagation and acclimatization of L. origanoides for A chemotypes from Colombia.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Cascade Huckleberry, Mountain Huckleberry, and Oval-leaf Bilberry Using Woody Plant Medium and Murashige and Skoog Medium Formulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny L. Barney ◽  
Omar A. Lopez ◽  
Elizabeth King
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Half Strength

Two concentrations of two in vitro media formulations were evaluated for their effects on survival, shoot growth, and percentage rooting of cascade huckleberry (Vaccinium deliciosum), mountain huckleberry (V. membranaceum), and oval-leaf bilberry (V. ovalifolium). Two-node stem sections from established microshoots were cultured on full- or half-strength modified Murashige and Skoog medium (FSMS and HSMS) or full- or half-strength modified woody plant medium (FSWPM and HSWPM) unamended with plant growth regulators. Cultures were maintained at 21 °C with a 16-hour photoperiod for 98 days. Survival on FSMS was reduced by ≈44% for cascade huckleberry, 63% for mountain huckleberry, and 18% for oval-leaf bilberry compared with average survival on HSMS, HSWPM, and FSWPM. Explants on FSMS also produced new shoot growth having the lowest dry weights, fewest shoots, and shortest shoots of the four media. Explant rooting percentages were also least on FSMS. For cascade huckleberry and oval-leaf bilberry, HSMS, HSWPM, and FSWPM all appeared suitable for general culture. For mountain huckleberry, both woody plant medium formulations produced greater microshoot dry weights, average shoot lengths, and explant rooting percentages compared with HSMS. These results are the first published on micropropagation for cascade huckleberry and oval-leaf bilberry, and provide starting protocols for commercial propagation and further research on micropropagation of these species.

scholarly journals Alterations in Microrhizome Induction, Shoot Multiplication and Rooting of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong with Regards to Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulators Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmad Zahid ◽  
Hawa Z.E. Jaafar ◽  
Mansor Hakiman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Disease Free

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong is a monocotyledon plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Bentong ginger is the most popular cultivar of ginger in Malaysia, which is conventionally propagated by its rhizome. As its rhizomes are the economic part of the plant, the allocation of a large amount of rhizomes as planting materials increases agricultural input cost. Simultaneously, the rhizomes’ availability as planting materials is restricted due to the high demand for fresh rhizomes in the market. Moreover, ginger propagation using its rhizome is accompanied by several types of soil-borne diseases. Plant tissue culture techniques have been applied to produce disease-free planting materials of ginger to overcome these problems. Hence, the in vitro-induced microrhizomes are considered as alternative disease-free planting materials for ginger cultivation. On the other hand, Bentong ginger has not been studied for its microrhizome induction. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize sucrose and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for its microrhizome induction. Microrhizomes were successfully induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration (>45 g L−1). In addition, zeatin at 5–10 µM was found more effective for microrhizome induction than 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a similar concentration. The addition of 7.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced microrhizome formation and reduced sucrose’s required dose that needs to be supplied for efficient microrhizome formation. MS medium supplemented with 60 g L−1 sucrose, 10 µM zeatin and 7.5 µM NAA was the optimum combination for the microrhizome induction of Bentong ginger. The in vitro-induced microrhizomes sprouted indoors in moist sand and all the sprouted microrhizomes were successfully established in field conditions. In conclusion, in vitro microrhizomes can be used as disease-free planting materials for the commercial cultivation of Bentong ginger.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Amygdalus communis

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Naimeh SHARIFMOGHADAM ◽  
Abbas SAFARNEJAD ◽  
Sayed Mohammad TABATABAEI
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Amygdalus Communis

The Almond (Amygdalus communis) is one of the most important and oldest commercial nut crops, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Almond has been used as base material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, hygienically and food industry. Propagation by tissue culture technique is the most important one in woody plants. In the current research, in vitro optimization of tissue culture and mass production of almond was investigated. In this idea, explants of actively growing shoots were collected and sterilized, then transferred to MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The experiment was done in completely randomized blocks design, with 7 treatment and 30 replications. After 4 weeks, calli induction, proliferation, shoot length and number of shoot per explants were measured. Results showed that the best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA (Indol-3-Acetic Acid) + 1 mg/l BA (Benzyl Adenine). Autumn was the best season for collecting explants. The shoots were transferred to root induction medium with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best root induction medium was MS + 0.5 mg/l IBA (Indol Butyric Acid).

scholarly journals Sweet pepper seed responses to inoculation with microorganisms and coating with micronutrients, aminoacids and plant growth regulators

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kênia Almeida Diniz ◽  
Paulo de Albuquerque Silva ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
José Renato Emiliorelli Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

Small sized seeds, such as the horticultural species, have limited quantities of reserves that can be balanced by coating then with essential nutrients for their initial development. In addition, inoculation of the seeds with microorganisms may protect the plants against phytopathogens, thus enhancing their growth. The present work had the objective of evaluate the physiological quality and seedling development of sweet pepper seeds and seedlings coated with several kind of films. Seeds were first coated with polymers and then with antagonistic microorganisms (Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma polysporhum, Trichoderma stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae), mycorrhizas, aminoacids, micronutrients and plant growth regulators. Evaluation was performed for percentage of germination and for seedling emergence, speed of emergence index, number of plants, dry mass of the aerial and root parts and height of the seedlings. Inoculation with Trichoderma viride increased the percentage and rate of the seedlings emergence Inoculation with Trichoderma viride, Metarhizium anisopliae and mycorrhizas promote better seedling development; seed microbiolization with microorganisms Trichoderma viride, T. polysporhum, T. stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae. Mycorrhizas mixture negatively affected seeds and seedling quality. Seed covering with plant growht regulator, at a 5 mL kg-1 dose increased the roots dry matter.

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