Identification of Bioactive Phytocomponents of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Enhalus acoroides by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Sea grass are good source of potent drug which has medicinal properties and able to cure human disease. One such marine plant is the Enhalus acoroides which belong to hydrocharitaeceae family. This marine species are widely distributed in the tropics of Indian and western Pacific Ocean and the species were collected from Ramanathapuram district for further process. This study reveals about the bioactive components present in Enhalus acoroides and identified its biological activity by Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry analysis using hydroalcoholic extract. The compounds present in Enhalus acoroides are Benzoic acid, 2- methyl 7- oxa bicyclol heptanes, 1, 3 Nonadiene, silane, ethoxytriethyl. Biological activities of the compounds present in the sample include antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antiviral and anti-hepatotoxic effect.

Bioakumulasi Merkuri (Hg) pada Lamun Enhalus acoroides dan Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata di Pulau Pari, Kepulauan Seribu

<strong>Bioaccumulation of Mercury (Hg) in Seagrass <em>Enhalus acoroides</em> and Mangrove <em>Rhizophora apiculata</em> in Pari Island, Seribu Islands. </strong>Heavy metal pollution, especially Hg metal in Jakarta Bay, is feared to have a negative impact on the quality of the waters around the Jakarta Bay waters, one of which is Pari Island in the Thousand Islands. Seagrass and mangroves plants distributed surrounding Pari Island can be used as indicators of heavy metal pollution. The value of bioaccumulation and translocation of Hg metal factors will provide an overview of the ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals in their surroundings. This study aims to determine the bioaccumulation and translocation of the heavy metal Hg factor in <em>Enhalus acoroides</em> seagrass and <em>Rhizophora apiculata</em> mangroves on Pari Island, Seribu Islands. Seagrass and mangrove samples were taken at five sampling points through purposive sampling. The bioaccumulation value was calculated using the ratio of the metal concentrations in each part of the plant body and sediment. Meanwhile, the translocation factor value was calculated by the ratio of Hg concentration in each part of the plant body (roots/rhizomes, stems, and leaves). The results of this study indicate that the bioaccumulation value in seagrass is infinite (bioaccumulation factor, BAF=∞) and in mangroves is 1.57 (BAF&gt;1). The highest <em>translocation factor</em> value in seagrass leaves is 3.86 (translocation factor, TF) &gt;1) and in mangrove leaves is 2.84 (TF&gt;1). This study shows that seagrass and mangrove plants are classified as good bio accumulator and hyperaccumulator plants and accumulate heavy metals, especially Hg in the upper part of their bodies, namely leaves

Pengaruh Perubahan Lingkungan Terhadap Stok Karbon pada Ekosistem Lamun di Pulau-Pulau Kecil, Studi Kasus: Gugusan Kepulauan Seribu

Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir karbon biru, yang mampu memanfaatkan CO2 dan menyimpan dalam bentuk karbon organik dalam biomassa dan sedimen yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret dan Oktober 2014 di perairan pulau-pulau kecil Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini mendapatkan stok karbon pada ekosistem lamun berdasarkan perubahan lingkungan, serta pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan iklim. Metode penelitian menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara disengaja mewakili seluruh lokasi penelitian yang terbagi menjadi tiga zona lokasi berdasarkan pengaruh lingkungannya, kemudian menganalisis besarnya kandungan karbon dalam biomassa dan sedimen dari tiap zona lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lamun jenis Enhalus acoroides di Pulau Burung (Zona A) memiliki nilai karbon tertinggi dari tujuh spesies lamun yang ditemukan dengan 2,58 MgC/ha, sedangkan total biomassa lamun tertinggi adalah di Pulau Panggang (Zona B) sebesar 4,39 MgC/ha dan terendah di Pulau Kotok Besar (Zona C) dengan 0,56 MgC/ha. Nilai rata-rata biomassa karbon lamun sebesar 1,81±0,32 Mg C/ha dengan komposisi terbesar di bagian bawah permukaan sebesar 75 % dari total karbon biomassa. Total stok karbon dalam sedimen ekosistem lamun berkisar antara 751,2 – 1490,4 MgC/ha sampai kedalaman satu meter. Pengaruh lingkungan berdasarkan zona lokasinya menunjukkan bahwa besaran nilai stok karbon semakin tinggi mengarah ke daratan, dengan jumlah jenis lamun yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan zona yang jauh dari pengaruh daratan.Kata Kunci : Lamun, pulau-pulau kecil Kepulauan Seribu, karbon biru, lingkungan