Impact of spruce budworm defoliation on the number of latewood tracheids in balsam fir and black spruce

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2029-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Krause ◽  
Hubert Morin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Analysis System

The influence of spruce budworrn (Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.)) defoliation was analysed at different stem heights by counting the number of latewood tracheids and measuring tree-ring width. The total height of the tree was divided into three different equal parts: the lower, the middle, and the upper sections of the total stem length. However, only the results of the lower and the upper sections will be presented in this paper. The reduction of ring widths started in the upper part for the living crown and continued downwards to the stem base (0 m) with a delay of 1–2 years. The number of latewood tracheids generally showed a reduction 1 year earlier than the ring widths, particularly in the crown, but also in the other parts of the stem. Considering this, we think that the reduction of the number of latewood tracheids may date the beginning of spruce budworm defoliation more accurately and present a better characterization of the first impact of spruce budworm than the measuring of the ring widths. This parameter will be particularly helpful (when expensive equipment, such as a densitometer or an image analysis system cannot be used) in detecting past outbreaks in the tree-ring records, especially when defoliation records are missing and when the reduction of the ring widths is not very pronounced.

Tree-ring patterns in stems and root systems of black spruce (Picea mariana) caused by spruce budworms

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1583-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Krause ◽  
Hubert Morin
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Growth Reduction

Radial growth along the stems and root systems of black spruce trees (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) was examined to determine the effects of spruce budworm defoliation. A mixed conifer and pure black spruce stand located in the boreal zone of Quebec, Canada were sampled. Following defoliation, dendrochronological analyses revealed the percent growth reduction in the ring width at different stem heights and throughout the root system. Ring widths of black spruce were found to be reduced during the last three spruce budworm outbreaks. The reduction of the tree-ring width after spruce budworm outbreaks started first in the crown region and was followed by reduction at the stem base. For the whole root system, the ring-width index exhibited a decrease. The root system showed a high sensitivity to defoliation by spruce budworm. Inside the root system, the growth reduction after a spruce budworm outbreak was variable in each root branch. The growth decrease of the pure black spruce stand was less intensive than in the mixed stand.

MAIDENiso: a mechanistic approach to the reconstruction of past climate from tree chronologies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Boucher ◽  
Ignacio Hermoso de Mendoza ◽  
Fabio Gennaretti
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Water Isotopes ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Recent Addition

<p>The ecophysiological forest model MAIDENiso (Modeling and Analysis In + isotopes) uses a set of mechanistic rules to simulate the production, allocation and growth of virtual trees. MAIDENiso is adapted to the boreal tree species Picea mariana Mill. (Black spruce), but lacks a hydrological module adapted for boreal meteorological conditions. With the recent addition of a snow/ice module, MAIDENiso is now capable of realistically simulating snow cover and discharge in high latitude regions, while at the same time capturing climate-sensitive processes such as the enrichment of heavy water isotopes due to snow sublimation. The more realistic outputs of the model can be compared to tree ring records (ring widths and stable isotopes). This allows us to use an inversion algorithm (based on a Metropolis Hastings random walk) to estimate past hydroclimate conditions that are in line with physiological and hydrological processes of high boreal regions. We apply this methodology to a millennial chronology of tree ring width and cellulose isotopes from sub-fossil tree remains in North-Quebec, and produce an updated hydroclimate reconstruction of the last 1000 years in this region.</p><p> </p>

An image analysis system for determining densitometric and ring-width time series

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1544-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy D. Thetford ◽  
Rosanne D. D'Arrigo ◽  
Gordon C. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Image Analysis Method ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
Analysis System

A new interactive image analysis method for determining tree-ring density and width data for dendrochronological studies is described. The method employs the Prism Image Analysis System (from Dapple Systems, Inc.) for Apple Macintosh microcomputers and uses additional FORTRAN software (program MACDRUID) developed for tree-ring applications. The principal advantages of this system are (i) interactive image analysis, which substitutes computer software for the complex scanning densitometer operations used in previous systems and (ii) high resolution, which is necessary for processing the narrow-ringed, stressed trees often sampled in dendroclimatology. Other advantages are real-time editing, ease of adjustment for angle variation of ring boundaries, and the ability to append individual frame data into homogeneous time series. Comparisons of ring-width and density data determined by this image analysis system with similar measurements derived from other methods indicate that the image analysis data are of equal precision and quality for use in dendrochronological studies. In addition to applications in the fields of dendrochronology and wood science, this image analysis method is applicable for analyzing variations in cyclical banding in other types of geological samples, such as sediment laminae (e.g., varves) and corals.

Climate control of cambial dynamics and tree-ring width in two tropical pines in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 108394
Author(s):  
Nathsuda Pumijumnong ◽  
Piyarat Songtrirat ◽  
Supaporn Buajan ◽  
Sineenart Preechamart ◽  
Uthai Chareonwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Climate Control

Climatic implications of a 3585-year tree-ring width chronology from the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 2111-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Shao ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
Z.-Y. Yin ◽  
E. Liang ◽  
H. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width

Tree growth across the Nepal Himalaya during the last four centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
UK Thapa ◽  
S St. George ◽  
DK Kharal ◽  
NP Gaire
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Instrumental Records

The climate of Nepal has changed rapidly over the recent decades, but most instrumental records of weather and hydrology only extend back to the 1980s. Tree rings can provide a longer perspective on recent environmental changes, and since the early 2000s, a new round of field initiatives by international researchers and Nepali scientists have more than doubled the size of the country’s tree-ring network. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the current tree-ring width network for Nepal, and use this network to estimate changes in forest growth nation-wide during the last four centuries. Ring-width chronologies in Nepal have been developed from 11 tree species, and half of the records span at least 290 years. The Nepal tree-ring width network provides a robust estimate of annual forest growth over roughly the last four centuries, but prior to this point, our mean ring-width composite fluctuates wildly due to low sample replication. Over the last four centuries, two major events are prominent in the all-Nepal composite: (i) a prolonged and widespread growth suppression during the early 1800s; and (ii) heightened growth during the most recent decade. The early 19th century decline in tree growth coincides with two major Indonesian eruptions, and suggests that short-term disturbances related to climate extremes can exert a lasting influence on the vigor of Nepal’s forests. Growth increases since AD 2000 are mainly apparent in high-elevation fir, which may be a consequence of the observed trend towards warmer temperatures, particularly during winter. This synthesis effort should be useful to establish baselines for tree-ring data in Nepal and provide a broader context to evaluate the sensitivity or behavior of this proxy in the central Himalayas.

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