Sex divergence in space utilisation in the steppe tortoise (Testudo horsfieldi)

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Lagarde ◽  
Xavier Bonnet ◽  
Brian Henen ◽  
Arnaud Legrand ◽  
Johanna Corbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Mating Season ◽  
Active Season

In animal species without parental care, the fitness of males should increase with the number of females encountered, court, and fertilise, and the fitness of females depends strongly on the quantity and quality of resources acquired. This should translate into a marked sex differences in the patterns of space utilisation. We analysed the sex divergences in home range and movements pattern in the steppe tortoise (Testudo horsfieldi) in Uzbekistan. From the radio-tracking data of 36 individuals throughout the active season, the home range of the male steppe tortoise was estimated to be smaller than that of the female (24 vs. 57 ha), even when the analysis focused on the mating season only. During the mating season, males intensively patrolled a small area, going back and forth within their territory, thereby covering greater distances than females. The females movements were more unidirectional, resulting in large loops over a very extended home range. We proposed several nonexclusive hypothesis for such a pattern.

Home-range analysis using radio-tracking data–a review of problems and techniques particularly as applied to the study of mammals

Mammal Review ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 97-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. HARRIS ◽  
W. J. CRESSWELL ◽  
P. G. FORDE ◽  
W. J. TREWHELLA ◽  
T. WOOLLARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Home Range Analysis

Improving the quality of disaggregated SDG indicators with cluster information for small area estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-961
Author(s):  
Rizky Zulkarnain ◽  
Dwi Jayanti ◽  
Tri Listianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Research University ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
District Level ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Associate Dean ◽  
Development Goals

The increasing needs for more disaggregated data motivates National Statistical Offices (NSOs) to develop efficient methods for producing official statistics without compromising on quality. In Indonesia, regional autonomy requires that Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicators are available up to the district level. However, several surveys such as the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey produce estimates up to the provincial level only. This generates gaps in support for district level policies. Small area estimation (SAE) techniques are often considered as alternatives for overcoming this issue. SAE enables more reliable estimation of the small areas by utilizing auxiliary information from other sources. However, the standard SAE approach has limitations in estimating non-sampled areas. This paper introduces an approach to estimating the non-sampled area random effect by utilizing cluster information. This model is demonstrated via the estimation of contraception prevalence rates at district levels in North Sumatera province. The results showed that small area estimates considering cluster information (SAE-cluster) produce more precise estimates than the direct method. The SAE-cluster approach revises the direct estimates upward or downward. This approach has important implications for improving the quality of disaggregated SDGs indicators without increasing cost. The paper was prepared under the kind mentorship of Professor James J. Cochran, Associate Dean for Research, Prof. of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Alabama.

scholarly journals Age of maturation and behavioral tactics in male yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus during mating season

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina A. Vasilieva ◽  
Ekaterina V. Pavlova ◽  
Sergey V. Naidenko ◽  
Andrey V. Tchabovsky
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Mating Season ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Good Physical Condition

Abstract Life-history theory predicts that in hibernators age of maturation is related positively to body size and negatively to the duration of active season aboveground. Yellow souslik is a large-sized ground squirrel with long hibernation, which suggests late maturation. We used four-year field observations of marked individuals to determine the age of maturation in males through analysis of age-dependent variation in body size, mass, androgen status, timing of spring emergence, ranging patterns and social behavior during the mating season. Yearling males were smaller, lighter, had lower level of fecal testosterone, emerged later and had smaller home ranges than older males. Social activity and the number of females encountered did not differ between age classes. After the second hibernation none of the studied parameters varied with age. Cluster analysis revealed two behavioral tactics: “active” males (adults only) emerged earlier, ranged more widely, initiated more contacts, encountered more females and were heavier than “passive” males (both yearling and adult). Thus, males of S. fulvus reached adult size and matured after two hibernations, which is relatively fast for such a big species with short active period. Indirect evidence for copulations and high variation among yearlings in all parameters suggest that some of them might successfully compete with adults. Active tactic of wandering and searching for females is energetically costly, and probably only adult males in good physical condition can afford it, whereas passive tactic of residing is energy saving and good for adults in poor condition and for yearlings that are continuing to grow.

Field Observations on the Common Striped Possum (Dactylopsila Trivirgata) in North Queensland.

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 755 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Handasyde ◽  
RW Martin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
Far North ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
The Common ◽  
Primary Habitat

Habitat utilisation and foraging behaviour by the common striped possum (Dactylopsila trivirgata) was investigated by means of spotlighting and radio-tracking at Shiptons Flat, far north Queensland. Vine forest was the primary habitat of D. trivirgata; however, animals were also observed in open eucalypt (Eucalyptus tereticornis) woodland. Information collected on foraging behaviour suggests that D. trivirgata are generalist insectivores consuming some fruit and other foodstuffs, such as honey. Radio-tracking data were used to calculate the home-range areas of two subadult males. The home range of the smaller male (body weight 290 g) was 5.2 ha (by the 95% harmonic mean (HM) method) or 6.5 ha (by the minimum convex polygon (MCP) method), and that of the larger male (body weight 415 g) was 21.2 ha (95% HM) or 21.3 ha (MCP). Large trees with hollows, which are utilized for denning, appear to be an important feature of the habitat for this species. D. trivirgata exhibits a pronounced degree of sociality and may breed seasonally. Observations suggest that amethystine pythons (Morelia amethistina) may be major predators of D. trivirgata at Shiptons Flat.

scholarly journals Home range and activity of African goshawks Accipiter tachiro in relation to their predation on bats

Koedoe ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Rautenbach ◽  
M.B. Fenton ◽  
A.C. Kemp ◽  
S.J. Van Jaarsveld
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Previous Summer

Winter radio-tracking of three African goshawks Accipiter tachiro showed that they each occupied well-wooded home ranges of at least 28 hectares. They perched and roosted mainly within densely foliaged trees and an adult female changed perches on average 4,7 times per hour. No crepuscular predation of bats was recorded, in contrast to regular summer predation on colonies of little free-tailed bats, Tadarida pumila, but winter emergence rates of these bats at dusk had dropped to < 5 of the previous summer. We predict that many accipiters will be regular predators of bats and that skewed sex ratios and high fecundity may be two means by which bats counter this predation.

Socialization Scores in Psychiatric Patients and Their Implications for the Diagnosis of Personality Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Standage
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Strong Association

The distribution scores on the Socialization (So) scale of the California Psychologial Inventory was examined in a series of 83 admissions to a general hospital psychiatric service. The series was divided into groups of low and high scorers (Low So and High So). Low So scorers were younger than high scorers and had a raised mean Neuroticism score. A strong association was found between So scores and the quality of parental care which patients reported receiving from their fathers. Other parental attributes are reported. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of personality disorder were found in the Low So, but not the High So group.

scholarly journals Application of automated bioacoustic identification in environmental education and assessment

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyo Oba
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Biological Surveys ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technology Aids

Developments in electronics and computer science have led to the introduction of an automated bioacoustic identification device used to resolve commonly encountered problems in the identification of animal species in the field. This technology aids our auditory observations, and also improves the quality of biological surveys and environmental monitoring. In this paper the future roles and possibilities of bioacoustics are discussed, providing some examples from the realm of environmental education and monitoring that focus on the use of nature sounds.

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