Socialization Scores in Psychiatric Patients and Their Implications for the Diagnosis of Personality Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Standage
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Strong Association

The distribution scores on the Socialization (So) scale of the California Psychologial Inventory was examined in a series of 83 admissions to a general hospital psychiatric service. The series was divided into groups of low and high scorers (Low So and High So). Low So scorers were younger than high scorers and had a raised mean Neuroticism score. A strong association was found between So scores and the quality of parental care which patients reported receiving from their fathers. Other parental attributes are reported. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of personality disorder were found in the Low So, but not the High So group.

scholarly journals Challenges assessing personality disorders with the SCID-5-PD in psychiatric patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Boberg ◽  
Simon Felding ◽  
Lennart Bertil Jansson ◽  
Julie Nordgaard
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

Abstract Background: The SCID-5-PD is frequently used to diagnose personality disorders. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic outcomes of the SCID-5-PD with expert clinical assessment in an ICD-10 setting. Methods: A random sample of a total of 30 psychiatric in- and outpatients (mean age = 34 ± 16, 17 males and 13 females) went through a comprehensive clinical assessment conducted by experts. Subsequently, the patients were assessed with the SCID-5-PD by specifically trained novice raters. Results: 55% (n=11) of patients with clinical diagnosis within the schizophrenia spectrum were allocated one or more diagnoses of personality disorder according to the SCID-5-PD, primarily borderline personality disorder (n=6). In contrast, of all patients with a clinical diagnosis outside the schizophrenia spectrum, only one patient qualified for a diagnosis of personality disorder with the SCID-5-PD. Meanwhile, 70% (n=7) of patients with a clinical diagnosis of ICD-10 schizotypal disorder did not meet the criteria for this disorder when assessed with the SCID-5-PD. Conclusions: When considering a differential diagnosis within the schizophrenia spectrum, outcomes from the SCID-5-PD should be interpreted cautiously.

Classification of Personality Disorder

1979 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Tyrer ◽  
John Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Personality Disordered

SummaryAn interview schedule was used to record the personality traits of 130 psychiatric patients, 65 with a primary clinical diagnosis of personality disorder and 65 with other diagnoses. The results were analysed by factor analysis and three types of cluster analysis. Factor analysis showed a similar structure of personality variables in both groups of patients, supporting the notion that personality disorders differ only in degree from the personalities of other psychiatric patients. Cluster analysis revealed five discrete categories; sociopathic, passive-dependent, anankastic, schizoid and a non-personality-disordered group. Of all the personality-disordered patients 63 per cent fell into the passive-dependent or sociopathic category. The results suggest that the current classification of personality disorder could be simplified.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Emergency Psychiatric Service in a General Hospital

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Straker ◽  
C. Yung ◽  
L. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Short Stay ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Outpatient Psychiatry ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
Teaching Setting

Rapid developments in general hospital outpatient psychiatry reflect increasing demands from the community for such setvices. Combining the outpatient caseload and Emergency Room psychiatric patients, nearly 2,500 patients per year were under care. To provide better care a new emergency intake service has been established, with a 72-hour limit of stay. This is a valuable therapeutic resource, and has made it possible to better study and treat selected acutely-ill patients. It is also a dynamic teaching setting. The establishment of this intensive-care unit has relieved pressure on the existing services. Suicidal patients, those with transient deliria and acutely disturbed patients have been accommodated. About 20 per cent of the casualty caseload has been admitted to the Short Stay Service, and nearly 50 per cent of such patients were able to return to their homes and community living within three days. These clinical experiences confirm the description of this unit as a ‘comprehensive emergency psychiatric service’ in a general hospital setting. The survival of the service is assured and encourages the establishment of similar units in other centres.

Psychiatric Referrals from Medical and Surgical Wards

1962 ◽  
Vol 108 (453) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Fleminger ◽  
B. L. Mallett
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
Clinical Conditions

The practice of psychiatry in general hospitals is increasing and some of the problems it raises have been widely discussed. Many administrative questions have received close attention (Bennett et al., 1956; Smith, 1961) and the advantage to psychiatric patients of having readily available medical, surgical and laboratory facilities has been clearly seen (Gillies, 1959). It has been shown, too, that patients with mental illness can be admitted to beds in medical wards and be treated there successfully (Brook and Stafford-Clark, 1961). On the other hand, much less attention has been given to the psychiatric requirements of the general hospital itself, and there is very little information about the use that physicians, surgeons and specialists are likely to make of a psychiatric service for their own in-patients. Studies of psychiatric morbidity among general ward patients (Mittelmann et al., 1945; Zwerling et al., 1955) are of great interest, but they tend to shed an artificial light on the problems of practical needs and probable demands. Shepherd, Davies and Culpan (1960) have provided the most useful report so far, on the incidence of psychiatric referrals by physicians and surgeons and the clinical conditions encountered. This was the result of a one-year work-study specially set up for the purpose of investigating these questions at a general hospital in London. However, there appears to have been no account of findings based on the routine work of a hospital where a psychiatric unit has been well established.

Aggressiveness and violence in psychiatric patients: a clinical or social paradigm?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 564-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo C. Mauri ◽  
Giovanna Cirnigliaro ◽  
Chiara Di Pace ◽  
Silvia Paletta ◽  
Alessandra Reggiori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
Weighted Score

ObjectivePsychiatric disorders are often considered the leading cause of violence. This may be due to a stereotype created by media and general opinion.MethodThe Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) was used to evaluate the severity of aggressive and violent behaviors in 400 patients who attended a post-acute psychiatric service in Milan from 2014 to 2016 and suffered from different psychiatric disorders. The psychopathological clinical picture was evaluated by Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The study also assessed the possible correlation between epidemiologic and sociodemographic factors, clinical variables, and aggression and violence.ResultsOf the total number of subjects, 21.50% showed a MOAS score >0, 11.50% presented mild aggression (0–10 MOAS weighted score), 9% moderate aggression (11–20), and 1% severe aggression (MOAS >20). With respect to violent behaviors, 16% of patients showed a score >0 in one MOAS subscale other than verbal aggression according to violence definition. The severity of clinical picture seemed to be related to higher weighted MOAS score. Multivariate testing of different sociodemographic and clinical variables showed that violence was related to unemployment status, and significantly correlated to compulsory admission (TSO), suicide attempts (TS), and personality disorders, while the severity of clinical psychiatric picture seemed to play a secondary role.ConclusionResults have shown that personality disorders and sociodemographic factors, including economic factors, seem to be major determinants of violence among patients diagnosed with mental disorders.

The Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire: A Validity Study with American Psychiatric Patients

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matig Mavissakalian ◽  
Larry Michelson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Validity Study ◽  
Phobic Disorders ◽  
American Sample ◽  
Middlesex Hospital

SummaryThe Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ) was used as a screening test for psychiatric disorder in 169 new outpatients. The profile obtained on the six subscales of the MHQ was strikingly similar in this American sample compared to four previous British reports. The MHQ significantly differentiated between diagnostic groups, most particularly between neuroses and personality disorders. Moreover, 75 per cent of the patients could be correctly classified as either neurosis or personality disorder on the basis of their MHQ total and subscale scores. The MHQ appears to be particularly useful in identifying phobic disorders, and the phobia subscale consistently discriminated between anxiety-phobic states and other diagnostic groups.

scholarly journals Psychiatric and personality disorders in deliberate self-harm patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Haw ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Kelly Houston ◽  
Ellen Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Self Harm

BackgroundPrevious UK studies have reported much lower rates of psychiatric and personality disorder in those who attempt suicide than in those who die by suicide.AimsTo determine the nature and prevalence of psychiatric and personality disorders in deliberate self-harm (DSH) patients.MethodA representative sample of 150 DSH patients who presented to a general hospital were assessed using a structured clinical interview and a standardised instrument. Follow-up interviews were completed for 118 patients approximately 12–16 months later.ResultsICD–10 psychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 138 patients (92.0%), with comorbidity of psychiatric disorders in 46.7%. The most common diagnosis was affective disorder (72.0%). Personality disorder was identified in 45.9% of patients interviewed at follow-up. Comorbidity of psychiatric and personality disorder was present in 44.1%.ConclusionsPsychiatric and personality disorders, and their comorbidity, are common in DSH patients. This has important implications for assessment and management.

scholarly journals Personality Disorder in a Nigerian Prison Community

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Enyidah Nonyenim Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Prison Community ◽  
The 19Th Century

Background: Personality disorders have since the 19th century been known and established as psychiatric diagnosis, yet very few epidemiological studies have been done. Absence of information about this disorder in the prisons led to the assessment of its prevalence in Agodi prisons in Nigeria. Objective: To determine the prevalence of personality disorder in a prison community. Methods: A total of 213 inmates who met the study criteria were interviewed, using (IPDE) International Personality Disorder Examination, a semi structured questionnaire modified to conform to DSM 111-R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) and ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases) classifications. Using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS/PC+), cross tabulation of the variables was obtained using chi-square and t- test. Results: The results showed that at least 31% of prison inmates have personality disorders with antisocial personality disorder being most prevalent. A strong association between criminality and personality disorder was established.

scholarly journals Personality Disorders Psychiatric and Psychotherapeutic Practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Meghamala. S. Tavaragi ◽  
Mrs. Sushma. C ◽  
Mr. Susheelkumar V. Ronad
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Couples Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Communities ◽  
Milieu Therapy ◽  
Personality Dysfunction ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Self Help Groups

Personality disorder is a common and chronic disorder. Its prevalence is estimated between 10 and 20 percent in the general population, this means that at least one in every five to ten individuals in the community has personality disorder. In general, personality disorders are diagnosed in 40–60 percent of psychiatric patients, making them the most frequent of all psychiatric diagnoses. Personality disorders are a class of mental disorders characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual’s culture. There are many different forms (modalities) of treatment used for personality disorders: Individual psychotherapy has been a mainstay of treatment. There are long-term and short-term (brief) forms; Family therapy including couples therapy; Group therapy for personality dysfunction is probably the second most used; Psychological-education may be used as an addition; Self-help groups may provide resources for personality disorders; Psychiatric medications for treating symptoms of personality dysfunction or co-occurring conditions; Milieu therapy, a kind of group-based residential approach, has a history of use in treating personality disorders, including therapeutic communities.

Clinical Diagnosis and SCID-II Assessment of DSM-III-R Personality Disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Fridell ◽  
Morton Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance

Aim: To assess the diagnostic concordance of SCID-II and clinicians' estimation of DSM-III-R personality disorders of substance abusers. Method: Clinical diagnoses of substance abusers in inpatient treatment were compared with SCID-II diagnoses (N = 138). Findings: The overall prevalence of personality disorder was 79% for clinical diagnosis and 80% for SCID-II diagnosis. Substantial agreement was found for borderline personality disorder, and moderate agreement was found for presence of any personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. All other disorders had slight to fair agreement. Antisocial personality disorder was overdiagnosed by clinical diagnosis but schizotypal, obsessive-compulsive, passive-aggressive, and masochistic personality disorders were reported more often by SCID-II. Selecting only the primary clinical diagnosis and omitting additional clinical diagnoses, reduced agreement with SCID-II diagnoses. Implications: Clinical diagnosis and structured interviews are not interchangeable, and produce somewhat different profiles of diagnoses for a group of substance abusers, but the two methods for diagnosing personality disorders converge for the two most common personality disorders in substance abusers. Rare and less-known diagnoses tend to be underreported whereas common and well-known disorders tend to be slightly overdiagnosed by clinical diagnosis as compared with a semistructured interview, especially if only one clinical diagnosis is noted.

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