Rapid female multiple mating in red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum)

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Pai ◽  
Guiyun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Mating ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Number Of Males

Many female insects mate with multiple males within a single fertile period despite costs such as expenditure of energy and time and contraction of sexually transmitted diseases. In the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, females remate with different males within minutes of the first copulation. If rapid multiple mating is adaptive then multiply mated females should have higher fitness than singly mated females. In this study, we determined the remating frequency of female beetles, characterized female mating behavior, and examined the fitness consequences of female multiple mating. We found that female T. castaneum mated, on average, with 4–6 nonvirgin males within a 1-h observation period. The number of males present in a mating arena did not significantly affect copulation frequency or the intermating interval. However, number of males present significantly affected the length of a single copula as a result of disturbance by rival males when more males were present. Female mating with multiple males in 24 h did not significantly improve egg production, F1-adult production, egg-to-adult viability, fertility retention, and female survivorship. Thus, multiple mating did not enhance long-term female fitness. Polyandrous mating behavior may have evolved through other mechanisms such as fertility assurance and increased offspring genetic diversity or fitness.

Female multiple mating for fertility assurance in red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 913-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Pai ◽  
Lauren Bennett ◽  
Guiyun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Offspring Production ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Sperm Depletion ◽  
Red Flour Beetles

The costs of mating with multiple partners include expenditure of energy and time and a reduction in lifespan, but females of many taxa mate with several different partners shortly after their first copulation. Often it is not clear what females gain from this behaviour. In this study, we used the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst, 1797) to test the hypothesis that females mate with multiple males for fertility assurance because the first copulation often does not lead to offspring production. We found that the probability of producing offspring, as measured by the proportion of females that produced offspring, was not affected by multiple mating when females were mated to virgin partners. However, when females were mated to nonvirgin partners, multiple mating led to an increased probability of producing offspring. To establish the mechanism through which multiple mating enhanced the probability of producing offspring, we further investigated whether this result was observed because multiple mating provided genetically compatible sperm or because it provided sufficient sperm. Viability of larvae from multiply mated females was higher than that of larvae from singly mated females, but the total number of adult offspring produced was not significantly different between the two groups. The capacity of males to inseminate females decreased in successive matings after the initial copulation, suggesting that ineffective copulations between virgin females and nonvirgin males are likely due to male sperm depletion. Therefore, mating with multiple males increased the probability that females would produce offspring and served as fertility assurance.

scholarly journals Hidradenoma papilliferum of the hymen: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozer Birge ◽  
Mehmet Sait Bakır ◽  
Ceyda Karadag ◽  
Zivar Eldarova ◽  
Tayup Simsek
Keyword(s):  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Apocrine Glands ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Anogenital Region ◽  
Hidradenoma Papilliferum ◽  
Anogenital Area ◽  
Slow Growing

Abstract Background Hidradenoma papilliferum is a rare benign neoplasm arising from apocrine glands. It occurs commonly on the anogenital region of middle-aged women. It usually presents as a slow growing, solitary asymptomatic, skin colored or red nodule less than 1 cm in diameter. Case presentation The case is a 38-year-old, white woman who presented with a painful nodule occurring within a month in the himenal region of the posterior vaginal introitus. The nodule was excisied and the histology revealed a hidradenoma papilliferum. The diagnosis and treatment of hidradenoma papilliferum is possible with surgical removal and histopathological evaluation of nodules. Conclusion When an adult woman presents with a noduler lesion in the anogenital area, sexually transmitted diseases and other benign and malignant vulvar lesions, as well as malignant transformation is very rare but,should be kept in mind; however because it has been reported and long-term clinical follow-up is suggested

scholarly journals Rating knockdown of flour beetles after exposure to two insecticides as an indicator of mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos G. Athanassiou ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Frank H. Arthur ◽  
Christos T. Nakas
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Confused Flour Beetle ◽  
Contact Insecticides

AbstractKnockdown and mortality of adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, were assessed after exposure to two contact insecticides, chlorfenapyr and cyfluthrin, on a concrete surface. Individuals were rated on a scale for knockdown of exposed adults according to their mobility from 1, representing immobilized adults to 5, representing normally moving (similar to the controls). Only cyfluthrin gave immediate knockdown. Adults were rated at 1, 3 and 7 days post-exposure. After the final assessment, adults were discarded and the same procedure was repeated for 5 consecutive weeks with new adults exposed on the same treated surfaces. Despite initial knockdown, many individuals did not eventually die after exposure to cyfluthrin. In contrast, adults exposed to chlorfenapyr were not initially knocked down after exposure but most died after 7 days. These trends were similar during the entire 5-week residual testing period. The storage of the treated dishes in illuminated or non-illuminated conditions did not affect the insecticidal effect of either insecticide. The results of the present study can be further implemented towards the design of a “lethality index” that can serve as a quick indicator of knockdown and mortality rates caused after exposure to insecticides.

Genetic and demographic founder effects have long-term fitness consequences for colonising populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Szűcs ◽  
Brett A. Melbourne ◽  
Ty Tuff ◽  
Christopher Weiss-Lehman ◽  
Ruth A. Hufbauer
Keyword(s):  
Founder Effects ◽  
Fitness Consequences

scholarly journals Nestling telomere shortening, but not telomere length, reflects developmental stress and predicts survival in wild birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1785) ◽  
pp. 20133287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle J. Boonekamp ◽  
G. A. Mulder ◽  
H. Martijn Salomons ◽  
Cor Dijkstra ◽  
Simon Verhulst
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Developmental Stress ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Developmental Conditions ◽  
Fledgling Mass

Developmental stressors often have long-term fitness consequences, but linking offspring traits to fitness prospects has remained a challenge. Telomere length predicts mortality in adult birds, and may provide a link between developmental conditions and fitness prospects. Here, we examine the effects of manipulated brood size on growth, telomere dynamics and post-fledging survival in free-living jackdaws. Nestlings in enlarged broods achieved lower mass and lost 21% more telomere repeats relative to nestlings in reduced broods, showing that developmental stress accelerates telomere shortening. Adult telomere length was positively correlated with their telomere length as nestling ( r = 0.83). Thus, an advantage of long telomeres in nestlings is carried through to adulthood. Nestling telomere shortening predicted post-fledging survival and recruitment independent of manipulation and fledgling mass. This effect was strong, with a threefold difference in recruitment probability over the telomere shortening range. By contrast, absolute telomere length was neither affected by brood size manipulation nor related to survival. We conclude that telomere loss, but not absolute telomere length, links developmental conditions to subsequent survival and suggest that telomere shortening may provide a key to unravelling the physiological causes of developmental effects on fitness.

scholarly journals Long-term fitness consequences of early conditions in the kittiwake

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Cam ◽  
Jean-Yves Monnat ◽  
James E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Fitness Consequences

scholarly journals THE EVOLUTION OF MULTIPLE MATING BEHAVIOR BY HONEY BEE QUEENS (APIS MELLIFERA L.)

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Robert E Page
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Honey Bee Queens ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sex Determination System

ABSTRACT A model is presented showing that natural selection operating at the individual level can adequately explain the evolution of multiple mating behavior by honey bee queens. Group selection need not be invoked. The fitness of a given female genotype is a function of the number of sex alleles in the population, the number of matings by an individual female and the specific parameters that determine the relationship of brood viability to individual fitness. Even though the exact relationship is not known, it is almost certainly not linear. A nonlinear relationship between worker brood viability and fitness and a significant genetic load associated with the sex-determination system in honey bees are the essential components of this model.

scholarly journals The consequences of polyandry for sibship structures, distributions of relationships and relatedness, and potential for inbreeding in a wild population

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan R. Germain ◽  
Peter Arcese ◽  
Jane M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
System Components

AbstractThe evolutionary benefits of simultaneous polyandry (female multiple mating within a single reproductive event) remain elusive. One potential benefit could arise if polyandry alters sibship structures and consequent relationships and relatedness among females’ descendants, and thereby intrinsically reduces future inbreeding risk (the ‘indirect inbreeding avoidance hypothesis’). However such effects have not been quantified in naturally complex reproductive systems that also encompass iteroparity, overlapping generations, sequential polyandry, and polygyny. We used long-term social and genetic pedigree data from song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify cross-generational consequences of simultaneous polyandry for offspring sibship structures and distributions of relationships and relatedness among possible mates. Simultaneous polyandry decreased full-sibships and increased half-sibships on average, but such effects varied among females and were smaller than would occur in the absence of sequential polyandry or polygyny. Further, while simultaneous polyandry decreased the overall frequencies of possible matings among adult full-sibs, it increased the frequencies of possible matings among adult half-sibs and more distant relatives. These results imply that the intrinsic consequences of simultaneous polyandry for inbreeding risk could cause weak indirect selection on polyandry, but the magnitude and direction of such effects will depend on complex interactions with other mating system components and the form of inbreeding depression.

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