Feeding habits and trophic niche overlap between sympatric golden jackal (Canis aureus) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Pannonian ecoregion (Hungary)

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1647-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lanszki ◽  
M. Heltai ◽  
L. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Golden Jackal ◽  
Canis Aureus

The feeding ecology of the golden jackal ( Canis aureus L., 1758) and its interspecific trophic relationship with the sympatric red fox (Vulpes vulpes (L., 1758)) was investigated in an area of recent range expansion of the golden jackal in Hungary, central Europe. Diet composition was determined by scat analysis (over 4 years: jackal 814 scats; fox 894 scats). Compared with jackals, foxes consumed more small mammals (mean biomass consumed: jackal 77%; fox 68%) and to a lesser extent plant matter (6% and 18%, respectively). The importance of other prey, such as wild boar ( Sus scrofa L., 1758), cervids, brown hare ( Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778), birds, reptiles, fish, invertebrates, and domestic animals, was minimal. Both mesocarnivores consumed primarily small animals (<50 g: 92% and 87%, respectively); this implies a typical searching and solitary hunting strategy. The trophic niche breadth of both species was very narrow and the fox proved to be more of a generalist. The food overlap index between the two canids was high (mean, 73%) and varied with the decreasing availability and consumption of small mammals. Based on prey remains found in scats, small-mammal specialization over a 2-year period and seasonal predation upon wild boar piglets (mainly by the jackal), seasonal fruit eating (mainly by the fox), and scavenging on wild or domestic ungulates (both predators) were found.

scholarly journals Nymphal feeding habits of two Anacroneuria species (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesely M. Hurtado ◽  
Cesar E. Tamaris-Turizo ◽  
Manuel J. López Rodriguez ◽  
J. Manuel Tierno de Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Trophic Resources ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Dry Seasons

The knowledge of the diet of aquatic insects is important to assess the use of resources and overlap of trophic niche between species, as well as to understand their role in the food web of the freshwater ecosystems they inhabit. This is particularly necessary in tropical areas where information on this topic is scarce. The aim of the present work is to describe the feeding habits of the species Anacroneuria marta Zúñiga and Stark, 2002 and Anacroneuria caraca Stark, 1995 in the middle section of the Gaira River (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia). We performed three samplings during the rainy and dry seasons in the two main different microhabitats of the reach (leaf packs and gravel) in 2014. The diet of a total of 87 and 90 individuals of A. caraca and A. marta, respectively, was studied. With this information, niche breadth for each species and niche overlap between them in terms of trophic resources were calculated. The main trophic resource for both species in the dry and rainy season was the animal matter. In the dry season, FPOM was also important in the diet of A. caraca, and A. marta ingested a great quantity of CPOM in the rainy season. Larvae of Trichoptera, were the most ingested prey in both species, followed by Chironomidae, Coleoptera Hydrophilidae, and Ephemeroptera. No differences in diet between both species were detected, so this could favor the niche overlap in terms of trophic resources and could lead to competition between them. The possible ecological scenarios are discussed.

Screening for Trichinella britovi infection in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Southeastern France

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Aoun ◽  
Sandrine A. Lacour ◽  
Aurélie Levieuge ◽  
Jean-Lou Marié ◽  
Isabelle Vallée ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Trichinella Britovi

scholarly journals Spring diet of the pine marten in Sardinia, Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lombardini ◽  
◽  
M. Murru ◽  
A. Repossi ◽  
C. E. Cinerari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Pine Marten ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Eliomys Quercinus ◽  
Index Value

Knowledge of a carnivore’s foraging behaviour is essential to understand its ecology. The pine marten Martes martes is commonly defined as an opportunistic generalist predator since its diet in Europe includes mammals, fruits, birds and invertebrates. Based on faecal analyses, we evaluated spring feeding habits and trophic niche breadth of the pine marten in a Mediterranean landscape on the island of Sardinia (Central Italy). The most important source of food for the pine marten was small mammals (mainly Apodemus sylvaticus, Mus musculus and Eliomys quercinus), accounting for 52% of the percent mean volume. Important secondary foods were invertebrates (mainly beetles and insect larvae) and birds (almost exclusively passerines), whereas large mammals, lagomorphs, reptiles and fruits made little contribution to the diet. The diet composition and the Levins’ index value suggest that the pine marten in Sardinia behaves as a facultative specialist predator, with a specialization towards small mammals.

scholarly journals Jackal in hide: detection dogs show first success in the quest for golden jackal (Canis aureus) scats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hatlauf ◽  
Felix Böcker ◽  
Lea Wirk ◽  
Sebastian Collet ◽  
Laurent Schley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Fox ◽  
Golden Jackal ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Group Number ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Term Basis

Abstract Golden jackal (Canis aureus) monitoring in central Europe generates more interest and becomes increasingly important with the species’ appearance in areas where it was previously unestablished. For genetic monitoring of golden jackals via scat collection, the distinction of jackal scats from those of related species such as the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is crucial: if done incorrectly, it can falsify diet studies or inflate costs of DNA analyses. In this study, we tested the potential benefits of using domestic dogs to specifically find jackal scats. We used trained scat detection dogs to locate and identify golden jackal scats in an area of dense shrubland, with the species’ presence previously confirmed via bioacoustic monitoring. On a total of 133 km of transects covering at least two golden jackal groups, two human-dog teams found 34 putative golden jackal scats. A total of 26 of these were successfully genetically analysed, of which 19 were attributed to 13 individual golden jackals, an accuracy rate of 73%. Our results show that detection dogs can successfully differentiate golden jackal scats from other species. This tool can be applied to detect golden jackal presence and establish more reliable estimates of group number and size than previously determined through bioacoustic stimulation. By combining both methods, questions about family structures and kinship, seasonal differences in habitat use and territory sizes can be answered. The regular use of detection dogs can present an efficient method to monitor golden jackals on a long-term basis and to learn more about their behaviour and population dynamics.

Responses of small mammals to Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) odour

2009 ◽  
Vol 204 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Dickman ◽  
C. P. Doncaster
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox
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