Ultrastructure of scent glands in larvae of Apateticus bracteatus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and chemical composition of the secretion

The three dorsal abdominal glands in larvae of Apateticus bracteatus (Pentatomidae) secrete a mixture of compounds. Major volatile constituents of the secretion are identified, herein, as tridecane and 2-octenal. There are also trace amounts of 2-hexenal and two other unidentified compounds.Each of the glands has paired orifices that are located between tergites 3/4, 4/5, and 5/6, but only the most anterior gland is paired. In anterior glands of midinstar larvae, glandular cells associated with ducts, and interstitial glandular cells are distributed along the ventral walls of the reservoirs. In posterior glands, columnar glandular cells are located in the anterior dorsal wall of the reservoirs; secretory cells associated with ducts, and nonglandular interstitial cells are distributed throughout the ventral and posterior walls of the reservoirs. The interstitial glandular cells of the anterior gland and the columnar glandular cells of the middle and posterior glands contain cytoplasmic organelles characteristic of lipid-producing cells. In all glands the secretory cells associated with ducts secrete lipids. Evidence indicating the importance of Golgi and ER in secretion synthesis is presented. The reservoirs and ducts have a thin cuticular lining.The bearing of the results on present ideas of gland function in Heteroptera is discussed.

Download Full-text

Chemical composition and volatile constituents of canned mango juice

Nahrung/Food ◽

10.1002/food.19900340703 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 591-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Ragab ◽

S. E. El-Nemr

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Volatile Constituents ◽

Mango Juice

Download Full-text

Experimental Data on the Function of the Interstitium of the Gonads: Experiments with Cockerels

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.s3-88.2.135 ◽

1947 ◽

Vol s3-88 (2) ◽

pp. 135-150

Author(s):

J. W. SLUITER ◽

G. J. VAN OORDT

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Cell Types ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Secretory Function ◽

Glandular Cells ◽

Male Sex ◽

Secondary Function

1. The relative volumes of the testes and their components of 31 cockerels, 2-200 days old, were calculated and compared with the size of their increasing head appendages (Text-figs. 1a-d, 2); in addition, the effect of gestyl-administration on testes of cockerels of this age was investigated. 2. Several types of interstitial testis-cells could be distinguished morphologically and physiologically (Text-figs. 3-6 and Pl. 1); these cell-types were studied with different techniques and counted separately. 3. The main types of the interstitial cells are: (a) Lipoid cells, totally packed with lipoid globules. These cells, which are considered by many authors as fully developed Leydig cells, are not directly connected with the production of the male sex hormone; perhaps they have a secondary function in this respect, as cholesterolderivatives are stored in these cells (Pl. 1, Text-fig. 3a). (b) Secretory cells, characterized by the absence of lipoid vacuoles and the presence of numerous granular and filamentous mitochondria. These secretory cells, which produce the male sex hormone, can be divided into secretory cells A (Text-fig. 6a) without, and secretory cells B with, one large vacuole (Text-figs. 6b, 6c, 6d). 4. A considerable and partly intercellular storage of lipoids may take place at any age in the intertubular connective tissue (Text-figs. 3-4 and Pl. 1). 5. The number of the lipoid cells depends on the nutritive conditions of the animal and the development of its testes (Text-fig. 7). 6. In older cockerels most of the glandular cells lose their secretory function and pass over into lipoid storing cells. 7. Therefore we agree with Benoit, when he denies the occurrence of a ‘secretion de luxe’, but we cannot accept the presence of a ‘parenchyme de luxe’ in the testes of older cockerels.

Download Full-text

Ultrastructure of the podia of Amphiura chiajei and Amphiura filiformis and their role in feeding

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315406013737 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (4) ◽

pp. 817-822 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John K. Keogh ◽

Brendan F. Keegan

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Suspension Feeding ◽

Head Region ◽

Feeding Styles ◽

Amphiura Filiformis ◽

The Difference ◽

Mucus Cells ◽

Deposit Feeding

Morphological study of the podia of the suspension feeding Amphiura filiformis and the deposit feeding Amphiura chiajei revealed sensory–secretory complexes in the podial epidermis, consisting of four cells, two secretory and two sensory. Large mucus cells were found in association, but not exclusively, with the sensory–secretory complexes. In A. filiformis, mucus cells stained positively for both acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides, while, in A. chiajei, these cells stained only for acid mucopolysaccharides. The surfaces of the arm podia in A. chiajei were relatively smooth, while the arm podia of A. filiformis bear papillae. The sensory–secretory complexes open through numerous paired pores, with each pair having an intervening cilium. Pores were restricted to the podial tip in A. chiajei, while in A. filiformis they are concentrated on the podial tip and on the papillae. Amphiura chiajei shows very little differentiation of the podia along the length of the arm. In A. filiformis, the distal podia have papillae throughout their entire length, with pores being found on the head region and the papillar tips. Here, the papillae are oriented in such a way (i.e. facing inward towards the ventral arm plate) as to increase the area of the filtering surface of the podium, serviced by the sticky secretions from the sensory–secretory complexes. The proximal podia are relatively simple in structure and are thought to function more in the transportation of mucus wrapped particles to the mouth rather than in their capture. The difference in structure of the podia and chemical composition of podial secretory cells are taken to reflect the difference in feeding styles of the two species.

Download Full-text

Volatile Constituents of Ocimum minimum Herb Cultivated in Portugal

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0900401014 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak ◽

Agnieszka Ludwiczuk ◽

Jarosłtaw Widelski ◽

Joao J. Filipe ◽

Yoshinori Asakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Volatile Constituents

The chemical composition of the diethyl ether extracts of Ocimum minimum L., a traditional herb cultivated in Portugal, was evaluated. Thirty-two compounds were identified, the major ones being linalool (24.7%), eugenol (20.5%), 1,8-cineole (9.6%), β-elemene (6.6%) and trans-α-cubebene (6.3%).

Download Full-text

Pathways followed by membrane recovered from the surface of plasma cells and myeloma cells

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.152.1.1 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 152 (1) ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

PD Ottosen ◽

PJ Courtoy ◽

MG Farquhar

Keyword(s):

Secretory Pathway ◽

Plasma Cells ◽

Surface Membrane ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Secretory Product ◽

Vesicle Membrane ◽

Myeloma Cells ◽

Glandular Cells ◽

Lysosomal System ◽

Endocytic Vesicles

Evidence for recovery of surface membrane and its fusion with Golgi cisternae has been obtained previously in several glandular cells. This study was conducted to determine whether or not membrane is similarly retrieved from the surfaces of plasma cells from lymph nodes (of rats immunized with horseradish peroxidase [HRP]) and mouse myeloma cells (RPC 5.4 and X63 Ag 8 cell lines). Electron-dense tracers (cationic and anionic ferritin, HRP) were used to trace the pathways followed by surface membrane recovered by endocytosis, and immunocytochemistry was used to identify the secretory compartments. When plasma cells or myeloma cells were incubated with cationized ferritin (CF), it bound to the cell surfaces and was taken up in endocytic vesicles, for the most part bound to the vesicle membrane. After 30-60 min, it was found increasingly within lysosomes and in several secretory compartments- notably in multiple stacked Golgi cisternae and secretory vacuoles. By immunocytochemistry the secretory product (immunoglobulins) and CF could be demonstrated in the same Golgi components. When myeloma cells were incubated with native (anionic) ferritin or in HRP, these tracers were taken up in much smaller amounts, primarily within the contents of endocytic vesicles. With continued incubation, they appeared only in lysosomes. When cells were doubly incubated, first in CF and then in HRP, both tracers were taken up (often within the same endocytic vesicle), but they maintained their same destinations as when incubated in a single tracer alone: the content marker, HRP, was localized exclusively within the lysosomal system, whereas the membrane marker, CF, was found within elements along the secretory pathway as well as within lysosomes. The findings demonstrate the existence of considerable membrane traffic between the cell membrane and the Golgi cisternae and lysosomes in both normal plasma cells and myeloma cells. Because myeloma cells behave like the glandular cells studied previously with regard to pathways of retrieved surface membrane, they represent a suitable and promising system for further studies of mechanisms and pathways of membrane retrieval and recycling in secretory cells.

Download Full-text

Chemical composition of the essential oils of Anethum graveolens L.

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22742 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 159-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohsen Kazemi ◽

Vahid Abdossi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Anethum Graveolens ◽

Volatile Constituents

The volatile constituents of the leaves of Anethum graveolens L., growing wild in Iran, were investigated by GC/MS, ?-Phellandrene (29.12%), limonene (26.34%), dill ether (15.23%), ?-pinene (2%), n-tetracosane (1.54%), sabinene (1.34%), neophytadiene (1.43%), n-docosane (1.04), n-tricosane (1%), n-nonadecane (1%), n-eicosane (0.78%), n-heneicosane (0.67%), ?-myrcene (0.23%) and ?-tujene (0.21%) were found to be the major constituents of the oil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22742 Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(1): 159-161, 2015 (March)

Download Full-text

Comparative structure of the osmophores in the flowers of Stanhopea graveolens Lindley and Cycnoches chlorochilon Klotzsch (Orchidaceae)

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2012.054 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 11-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Sebastian Antoń ◽

Magdalena Kamińska ◽

Małgorzata Stpiczyńska

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Lipid Droplets ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Vascular Bundles ◽

Scent Glands ◽

Euglossine Bees ◽

Dense Cytoplasm ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Comparative Structure

The structure of the osmophores in Stanhopea graveolens and Cycnoches chlorochilon was studied by means of light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The scent glands are located in the basal part of the labellum. The surface of the osmophores is wrinkled or rugose, which increases the area of fragrance emission. On the surface of the epidermis, remnants of secretion are noticeable in S. graveolens, but these are absent in C. chlorochilon. The osmophore tissue is composed of secretory epidermal cells and several layers of subepidermal parenchyma, and it is supplied by vascular bundles that run in ground parenchyma. The secretory cells have large nuclei, a dense cytoplasm with numerous ER profiles, lipid droplets, and plastids with a substantial amount of starch, which are probably involved in the synthesis of volatile substances. In the cell walls of the osmophore cells, numerous pits with plasmodesmata occur that are likely to take part in symplastic transport of the scent compounds. The structure of the osmophores is similar in both investigated species. Both S. graveolens and C. chlorochilon are pollinated by euglossine bees, and such similarity results from adaptation to effective scent emission and attraction of pollinators.

Download Full-text

Volatile Constituents of New Caledonian Frullania Species

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601100832 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601100

Author(s):

Benjamin Métoyer ◽

Paul Coulerie ◽

Nicolas Lebouvier ◽

Edouard Hnawia ◽

Louis Thouvenot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽

Endemic Species ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Volatile Constituents ◽

Trimethyl Ether

Volatile components of seven Frullania species (Frullaniaceae) from New Caledonia, including five endemic species ( F. bella, F. scalaris, F. mammillosa, F. cornuta and F. falsicornuta), were analyzed by GC-MS in order to index these plants to known chemotypes. Constituents detected in these Frullania species were mainly sesquiterpenes, as well as the bibenzyl dihydrognetin, and the flavonoid naringinin-5,7,4'-trimethyl ether. These compositions allowed an indexation of Frullania species from New Caledonia to cyclocolorenone, sesquiterpene lactone and bibenzyl chemotypes. In addition, qualitative intraspecies variations of chemical composition were very important and made indexation to known chemotypes very tricky. Moreover, two of the endemic liverworts did not possess any biomarker that linked to a known chemotype.

Download Full-text