The ecology of Taeniopteryx nivalis (Fitch) (Taeniopterygidae; Plecoptera) in a small stream in southern Ontario

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn H. Sephton ◽  
H. B. N. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Final Molt

Taeniopteryx nivalis (Fitch) has a simple, univoltine life cycle in a southern Ontario stream. Emergence occurs in March, the adults live for about 1 month and the eggs are laid 1–3 weeks after the main emergence in batches of 200–600. Mating and oviposition were observed in the laboratory, and the eggs and hatchlings are described. The eggs begin to hatch in late April to mid-June in the field and the nymphs probably undergo diapause in instar 4 from July to late September. An attempt to collect diapausing nymphs in the field is discussed. Diapause is broken in late September to mid-October and growth proceeds rapidly initially but tapers off through the penultimate and final instars. The final molt takes place in late December to mid-January. There are 9 postdiapause instars for a total instar number of 13. The nymphs feed on detritus and continue to feed until shortly before emergence. Some of the difficulties of using indirect methods of determining instar number are discussed.

Life cycle assessment of thermal energy production from short-rotation willow biomass in Southern Ontario, Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goretty M. Dias ◽  
Nathan W. Ayer ◽  
Kumudinie Kariyapperuma ◽  
Naresh Thevathasan ◽  
Andrew Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Short Rotation

Life cycle and mating behavior of Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) on excised Musa cavendishii roots

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Karakaş
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stage Juvenile ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Final Molt

AbstractThe life cycle and mating behavior of Helicotylenchus multicinctus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) were observed in vitro on excised roots of Musa cavendishii in gnotobiotic culture. Eggs hatched into juveniles whose appearance and structure were similar to those of the adults. Juveniles grew in size and each juvenile stage was terminated by a molt. H. multicinctus had four juvenile stages. The first molt occurred outside the egg shortly after hatching. After the final molt the juveniles differentiated into adult males and females. Mating was required for reproduction. After mating, fertilized females began to lay eggs. The life cycle from second stage juvenile to second stage juvenile was completed in 39 days.

A comparative study of the biology of five species of Neophylax (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) in southern Ontario

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1741-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Beam ◽  
G. B. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Temporal Development ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Fine Organic ◽  
Stream Systems

The habitat, life cycle, behaviour, and food of five species of caddisflies of the genus Neophylax (N. aniqua Ross, N. ornatus Banks, N. concinnus McLachlan, N. oligius Ross, and N. fuscus Banks) were compared, based on general surveys and biweekly to monthly samples from several stream systems in southern Ontario. Larvae of four of the species, N. aniqua, N. concinnus, N. oligius, and N. fuscus, occur sequentially from the headwaters downstream and grow from late autumn through spring, but differ slightly in temporal development; adults of these species emerge in September and October, after a summer prepupal diapause. Larvae of the fifth species, N. ornatus, grow in late summer and autumn; their habitat coincides with portions of the habitats of N. aniqua and N. concinnus in cool headwater sections of streams, but adults emerge in June following a winter diapause. These species also differ in duration of diapause, case construction, location of pupal cases, and oviposition. All species graze on algae and fine organic particles from exposed surfaces of rocks. The study demonstrates that the five species of Neophylax studied differ in larval habitat and in time of development in ways that tend to keep them separate in stream systems. Evolutionary implications are considered.

Three-Dimensional Distribution of Winter Stonefly Nymphs, Allocapnia pygmaea, within the Substrate of a Southern Ontario River

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1812-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
C W. Pugsley ◽  
H. B. N. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Benthic Invertebrates ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Stream Insects ◽  
Summer Diapause ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

Changes in the three-dimensional distribution patterns of stonefly nymphs, Allocapnia pygmaea, beneath the streambed in the Speed River, southern Ontario, were monitored throughout their 1-yr life cycle using 270 colonization chambers. These were filled with organism-free, sieved stream gravel and buried in vertical groups of three, at three depth intervals, in three trenches positioned across a riffle. Nymphs were present throughout the year. Seasonal changes in the distribution pattern of nymphs indicated that they were able to move beneath the streambed in both the horizontal and vertical planes. Nymphs were most abundant at depth during the summer diapause, but moved up to the surface once diapause had been broken in the autumn. There was no evidence of any bankwards migration of nymphs prior to emergence. We have therefore confirmed in detail previous suggestions that stream insects move freely into and out of the hyporheic, using it as a refuge from adverse conditions on the streambed. Stream ecologists should therefore be aware of the possibilities of movement to and from the hyporheic when working with benthic invertebrates.

Observations on the life history and burrow construction of the crayfish Cambarus fodiens (Cottle) in a temporary stream in southern Ontario

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dudley Williams ◽  
N. E. Williams ◽  
H. B. N. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Temporary Streams ◽  
Temporary Stream ◽  
Two Stages

Cambarus fodiens, usually considered an inhabitant of ponds and drainage ditches, is shown to be able to complete its life cycle in a temporary running-water habitat. Details of its life history are given. Sampling methods for burrowing crayfishes are briefly reviewed and a new method is described. The typical burrow construction of this species is shown to be modified at two stages in the life cycle, once in the ovigerous females, and again in the newly released juveniles. It is possible that other inhabitants of temporary streams use these crayfish burrows as refuges when the groundwater table rereats.

Distribution and prevalence of Dracunculus spp. (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) in mammals in Ontario

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Frederick Joseph Crichton ◽  
Mary Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Lutra Canadensis ◽  
Common Parasite

Within Ontario Dracunculus insignis (Leidy 1858) Chandler 1942, a common parasite of raccoon, Procyon lotor (L) (prevalence > 50%), and mink, Mustela vison Schreber (prevalence > 50%), is apparently confined to the southern part of the province. In this area D. insignis was also found in fisher, Martes pennanti (Erxleben); and Dracunculus sp. was found in short-tailed weasel, Mustela erminea (L), muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus (L), and opossum, Didelphis marsupialis (L). The distribution of D. insignis coincides with that of raccoon in Ontario, and it is suggested that raccoon may be a reservoir host for this species and that mink became incorporated into its life cycle secondarily. Dracunculus lutrae Chrichton and Beverley-Burton 1973 of the otter, Lutra canadensis (Schreber), was found across the entire province and, in most areas, the prevalence exceeded 75%. During the trapping season (October–April) larvigerous females were found in 20 (44.4%) of 45 otter infected with D. lutrae in southern Ontario, but were absent from the limbs of 132 infected otter from northern Ontario.

Asynchronous maturation of the sexes may limit close inbreeding in a subsocial spider

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd C Bukowski ◽  
Leticia Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Sexual Receptivity ◽  
Mating Season ◽  
Apparent Absence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Final Molt ◽  
Asynchronous Maturation ◽  
Close Inbreeding

We studied the temporal patterns of maturation and sexual receptivity of a subsocial spider, Anelosimus cf. jucundus, in southern Arizona. In subsocial spiders, sibling males and females share a common nest for a large portion of their life cycle, often only dispersing short distances close to the mating season. We found that, on average, male A. cf. jucundus matured 9 days earlier than females and that females did not become sexually receptive until 10 days following their final molt to maturity. The periods of sexual receptivity of sibling males and females, therefore, would be separated in time by a significant fraction of an adult male's life cycle. We also found significant asynchrony in maturation dates across nests and nest clusters at the two collection localities. We suggest that these temporal patterns may limit the opportunities for sibling males and females to mate with each other, thus explaining the apparent absence of mechanisms to discriminate against kin as mates in this species.

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