Singapore's Demographic Transition, the Labor Force and Government Policies: The Last Fifty Years

The trajectory of Singapore's population size and composition can be mapped out with its progression through the various phases of demographic transition from high birth and death rates in the post-war years to very low birth and death rates today, all within the context of rapid economic and social development that has taken place in the past 50 years. Population planning has been integral in Singapore's national development strategy, balancing the economy's needs for more and better qualified workers with social considerations such as the dependency burden and the integration of large numbers of foreigners in a global city-state. This paper considers Singapore's population and manpower planning policies, with an account of the country's passage through the various stages of its demographic transition, and how its working age population composition has evolved. Population and labor force policies are examined with specific consideration of the social, economic and political implications resulting from those policy choices. A final section considers the challenges for the future stemming from these demographic trends.

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Hidden Forms of Bargaining on China's Shop Floor

International Labor and Working-Class History ◽

10.1017/s0147547908000021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 7-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaodan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Organizational Structure ◽

Labor Force ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Organizational Structures ◽

Government Policies ◽

Shop Floor ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽

Chinese Workers ◽

Historical Periods

AbstractThis article examines shop-floor bargaining in China in both the socialist and reform eras. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in three manufacturing factories, document analysis, and secondary sources, the author discusses how government policies and organizational structure shape the interaction between workshop managers and workers and how the practice on the shop floor alters managerial attempts in return. The author argues that, despite different economic structures in the two historical periods, Chinese workers are not the docile labor force often portrayed in literature and media. Instead, they utilize any leverage given within organizational structures and bargain for not only economic gains, but also for respect and autonomy. Their bargaining, though different from institutionalized union bargaining, influences managerial decisionmaking in a subtle way with ideological implications.

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Policy Narratives versus Everyday Geographies: Perceptions of Changing Local Space in Melbourne's Diverse North

City and Community ◽

10.1111/cico.12098 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 68-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shanthi Robertson ◽

Val Colic–Peisker

Keyword(s):

Demographic Transition ◽

The Other ◽

Government Policies ◽

Local Change ◽

Comparative Case Study ◽

Local Policy ◽

Local Perceptions ◽

Policy Narratives ◽

Local Space

This paper presents a comparative case study of two northern suburbs in Melbourne, Australia, in order to analyze local perceptions of proximity, mobility, and spaces of community interaction within diverse neighborhoods experiencing socioeconomic and demographic transition. We first look at government policies concerning the two suburbs, which position one suburb within a narrative of gentrification and the other within a narrative of marginalization. We then draw on diverse residents’ experiences and perceptions of local space, finding that these “everyday geographies” operate independently of and often at odds with local policy narratives of demographic and socioeconomic transition. We conclude that residents’ “everyday geographies” reveal highly varied and contested experiences of sociospatial dimensions of local change, in contrast to policy narratives that are often neoliberally framed.

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THE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF WORKING-AGE POPULATION ON INDONESIAN LABOUR

JURNAL GEOGRAFI ◽

10.24114/jg.v13i1.21145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Muhammad Arif ◽

Rosni Rosni ◽

Zukya Rona Islami ◽

M Taufik Rahmadi

Keyword(s):

Labor Force ◽

Regional Economy ◽

Large Population ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Government Policies ◽

Working Age ◽

Interesting Object ◽

Working Age Population ◽

Object Of Study ◽

The Impact

The population is a very interesting object of study. It is because human is the main actor in economic activity, especially in terms of the labor force. The population as a workforce is one aspect of the factors of production that will contribute to the economic growth in a particular region. If the working-age population and non-working age population is well facilitated, including the enactment of government policies regarding improving their productivity, the population growth would benefit the regional economy. Indonesia is a country with a large population so that it potentially has a large workforce for economic development. Therefore, this research aims to examine the effect of the working-age population on the labor force in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, this research uses a literature review method. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from BPS and BAPPENAS publications, books, and research articles. The discussion in this paper describes the development of the productive age population, employment issues in Indonesia, and the effect of the working-age population on employment in Indonesia. in conclusion, the high number of populations of productive age (demographic bonus) does not immediately occur. The working-age population greatly influences the workforce in Indonesia. The researchers hope that this article can be a reference for similar research in the future.Keywords: analysis, population, working-age, employment, IndonesiaPermasalahan kependudukan sangat menarik untuk dikaji dan dianalisis. Hal ini dikarenakan penduduk khususnya manusia merupakan pelaku utama dalam kegiatan ekonomi termasuk dalam hal ketenagakerjaan. Penduduk sebagai tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu variabel dalam faktor produksi yang akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi di suatu wilayah. Bila komposisi penduduk usia produktif dan yang belum produktif dipfasilitasi dengan baik, termasuk adanya kebijakan pemerintah yang menfokuskan pada kemajuan produktivitas mereka, maka pertumbuhan penduduk dengan komposisi yang demikian akan menguntungkan perekonomian daerah tersebut. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan jumlah penduduk yang banyak sehinnga berpotensi memiliki tenaga kerja yang banyak untuk kemajuan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian iin bertujian untuk menalaah pengaruh jumlah penduduk usia produktif terhadap kondisi ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia. Agar tujuan peneliti tercapai, peneliti menggunakan metode kajian pustaka. Data yang digunkan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari publikasi BPS, BAPPENAS, buku serta artikel penelitian yang relevan dengan tema kajian penelitian. Pembahasan pada tulisan ini memaparkan mengenai perkembangan penduduk usia produktif, problematika ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia, serta pengaruh penduduk usia produktif terhadap ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia. Beberapa hal yang dapat disimpulkan yaitu, Jumlah penduduk usia produktif yang tinggi (bonus demografi) tidak langsung terjadi, Jumlah penduduk usia produktif sangat berpengaruh pada ketengakerjaan di Indonesia. Penulis berharap artikel ini dapat menjadi referensi bagi penelitian sejenis. Kata kunci: analisis, penduduk, usia produktif, ketenagakerjaan, Indonesia

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