PIXE STUDY OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER IN NORTHERN MEXICO CITY

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. FLORES M. ◽  
F. ALDAPE
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Two Samples

The contribution to the atmospheric pollution in Mexico City's conurbation that comes from the northern area has been considered significant for a long time. Therefore, it is important to determine its elemental composition as well as their correlation in sites along the suspected trajectories of airborne particulate matter. Samples were collected simultaneously in two sampling sites along the prevailing wind trajectory in northern Mexico City, and its elemental composition were determined by PIXE. The Sample collection was performed daily from 17 February 14 March 1997 in Xalostoc, an industrial zone in the State of Mexico, and Ticomán within Mexico City. Two samples a day were taken in two periods: 7-19 h and 19-7 h. The samplers used separated particles into two particle size fractions fractions, PM25 and PM15. Three main correlation group of elemental concentrations were determined: fuel combustion, earth crust and industrial origin. The sampling site within Mexico City, Ticomán, was found with an overall tendency of higher elemental concentrations, showing not only influence of local pollution sources, but also that of wind transported particles from neighboring industrial zones such as Xalostoc.

ANALYSIS OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER COLLECTED AFTER AN ERUPTION EPISODE OF THE POPOCATÉPETL VOLCANO

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ALDAPE ◽  
J. FLORES M.
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Popocatépetl Volcano ◽  
Popocatepetl Volcano

Samples of airborne particulate matter were collected in four sites along an east-west line from the Popocatépetl volcano after the eruption episode of June 30, 1997. The Popocatépetl volcano, with variable activity since it was known, is currently under low but continuous activity prolonged for almost one decade, with occasional moderate eruption episodes producing mainly fumes, ashes and volcanic dusts. The main objective of this study is to determine whether or not some elements have increased their presence in the atmosphere as a result of the volcanic activity, and also if some others, not usually found in urban aerosols, have appeared because of the same reason. In addition, the information obtained will be a source of scientific data for health risk assessment of the population exposed to volcanic emanations. The sample collection was performed on alternate days from July 10 to August 13 1997 in Puebla and Atlixco in Puebla State. Tlalpan within Mexico City, and Salazar in the State of Mexico. Two samples a day were taken in two periods: 7-19 h and 19-7 h. The samplers separated particles into two particle size fractions. PM25 and PM15. Elemental concentrations were determined by PIXE and the results obtained showed increased concentrations of mainly Ti and Fe in all sampling sites, thus indicating a long range transportation of volcanic dusts in both particle size fractions. Concentrations of Ti were found clearly above the average values of urban areas such as Mexico City, and although this element can be considered of low toxicity, the biological, metabolic and toxic effects on human beings are still under investigation.

Mass concentration and elemental composition of airborne particulate matter at street and background locations

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole A.H. Janssen ◽  
Dimphe F.M. Van Mansom ◽  
Katinka Van Der Jagt ◽  
Hendrik Harssema ◽  
Gerard Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Airborne Particulate

scholarly journals Airborne particulate matter PM2.5 from Mexico City affects the generation of reactive oxygen species by blood neutrophils from asthmatics: an in vitro approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Sierra-Vargas ◽  
Alberto Guzman-Grenfell ◽  
Salvador Blanco-Jimenez ◽  
Jose Sepulveda-Sanchez ◽  
Rosa Bernabe-Cabanillas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Blood Neutrophils

scholarly journals Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter: An Additional Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Mansour A. Alghamdi Mansour A. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Additional Risk

. Metabolic syndrome is a serious problem in Saudi Arabia. It has been attributed mainly to life style. Exposure to airborne particulate matter is a subject of concern in Jeddah. The present study aimed to find a possible association of metabolic syndrome prevalence with levels of particulate matter and their elemental constituents. The study was conducted in two districts of Jeddah, Al Nuzlah and Al Rehab. PM10 and PM2.5 were measured in each district as well as their elemental composition. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the presence of three components: hyperglycemia, hypertension and obesity. Al Nuzlah district showed higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome, together with higher levels of PM2.5, nickel and cadmium. It can be concluded that exposure to particulate matter may be considered as an additional risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

The elemental composition of airborne particulate matter in the Atacama desert, Chile

1990 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 251-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Rojas ◽  
L. Figueroa ◽  
K.H. Janssens ◽  
P.E. Van Espen ◽  
F.C. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Airborne Particulate

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF FINE AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER COLLECTED IN THE MEXICO CITY METROPOLITAN AREA

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ALDAPE ◽  
J. FLORES M.
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Airborne Particulate ◽  
Component Scores ◽  
Good Agreement

Samples of fine airborne particulate matter ( PM 2.0) have been collected at three sites located in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during July, August, and September 2000. The elemental concentrations of these samples were determined by PIXE so that twelve elements ( S , Cl , K , Ca , Ti , Mn , Fe , Ni , Cu , Zn , Br and Pb ) were consistently detected. These results produced a database, which was statistically analysed; first by Principal Components so to identify the pollution sources, and, subsequently, by Absolute Principal Component Scores analysis in order to estimate the corresponding source apportionment contributions. Other elements such as V and Cr were also detected in around 20% of the samples and, therefore, they were not considered statistically significant. Thus, these elements, as well as some others found only occasionally and in the trace range, were left out of the discussion. All calculations were performed using a standard statistical package following the method developed by Thurston and Spengler. Four main pollution sources were identified and the source apportionments were found in good agreement with other estimations found in the literature. The results were obtained individually for the three sampling sites, but the complete results are presented for just one of the sites in order to simplify this presentation.

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