DETERMINATION OF CHROMIUM(VI) IN WATER BY PIXE ANALYSIS USING ION EXCHANGE PAPER — LIMIT OF DETECTION AND INTERFERENCE BY COEXISTING ANIONS

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUREERAT THOMYASIRIGUL ◽  
HITOSHI FUKUDA ◽  
JUN HASEGAWA ◽  
YOSHIYUKI OGURI
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Energy ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chromium Vi

Concerning the PIXE analysis of Cr ( VI ) in water using ion-exchange filters, the limit of detection (LOD) and the influence of matrix anions were investigated. In order to look for the experimental condition for obtaining the minimum LOD, we measured the Cr - K α X-ray counts and background counts under the K α X-ray peak as a function of the incident proton energy and the thickness of the Mylar absorber foil in front of the detector. To investigate the interference by coexisting anions, each of PO 43-, SO 42-, NO 3-, Cl -, and F - ions and Cr ( VI ) ions were mixed in aqueous solutions and adsorbed on DE81-DEAE cellulose paper, a weakly basic anion exchanger with diethylaminoethyl functional groups. Then the filter samples were measured by PIXE using 2.5 MeV proton beams. We obtained a LOD of 0.16 µg or 8 ppb for 20 mL samples at a proton energy of 2.5 MeV and a Mylar film thickness of 50 or 100 µm. The experimental results on the mixed solutions indicated that NO 3-, Cl -, and F - as coexisting ions didn't interfere significantly with determination of a 50 µ g / L Cr ( VI ) concentration for 40 mL total solution volume, despite the total amount of anions was about 90% of ion exchange capacity of a filter. On the other hand, slight interferences by PO 43- ions were observed. However, under the same condition, we found that if the total amount of SO 42- ions was higher than 20% of ion exchange capacity, they induced significant interferences in determining Cr ( VI ).

Equilibrium Sorptions in Heterogeneous Ion Exchange Membranes

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1905-1914
Author(s):  
Miroslav Bleha ◽  
Věra Šumberová
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Sorption ◽  
Inhomogeneity Factor

The equilibrium sorption of uni-univalent electrolytes (NaCl, KCl) in heterogeneous cation exchange membranes with various contents of the ion exchange component and in ion exchange membranes Ralex was investigated. Using experimental data which express the concentration dependence of equilibrium sorption, validity of the Donnan relation for the systems under investigation was tested and values of the Glueckauf inhomogeneity factor for Ralex membranes were determined. Determination of the equilibrium sorption allows the effect of the total content of internal water and of the ion-exchange capacity on the distribution coefficients of the electrolyte to be determined.

The Synthesis and Ion-Exchange Property of Inorganic Material Mg1.5Mn0.5Ti0.75O4

2012 ◽  
Vol 511 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Jin He Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Property ◽  
Insertion Reaction ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Crystallization ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Saturation Capacity

Mg1.5Mn0.5Ti0.75O4 was prepared by a coprecipitation/thermal crystallization method. The extraction/insertion reaction with this material was investigation by X-ray, saturation capacity of exchange, and Kd measurement. The acid treatments of Mg1.5Mn0.5Ti0.75O4 caused Mg2+ extractions of more than 72%, while the dissolutions of Mn4+ and Ti4+ were less than 8.2%. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 10.6mmol/g for Li+.

Adsorption and ion exchange of some groundwater anion contaminants in an amine modified coconut coir

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloysius U. Baes ◽  
Tetsuji Okuda ◽  
Wataru Nishijima ◽  
Eiji Shoto ◽  
Mitsumasa Okada
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Freundlich Equation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Coconut Coir

The adsorption of nitrate, chromium (VI), arsenic (V) and selenium (VI) anions in an amine modified coconut coir (MCC-AE : with secondary and tertiary amine functionality) were studied to determine the capability of this easily prepared and low-cost material in removing typical groundwater anion contaminants. Batch adsorption-ion exchange experiments were conducted using 200 mg MCC-AE, initially containing chloride as the resident anion, and 50 ml of different anion-containing water of varying concentrations. It is presumed, at this low pH, that only SeO42− remained as a divalent anion, while monovalent species H2AsO4− and HCrO4− predominated in their respective exchanging ion solutions. The adsorption data were fitted using the Freundlich equation and maximum adsorption for each anion was estimated using their respective Freundlich equation constants. MCC-AE exhibited preference for divalent Cr (VI) and Se (VI) anions compared with the Cl− resident ion. Maximum As (V) adsorption was 0.086 mmol/g, while maximum adsorption of Cr (VI), NO3− and Se (VI) anions was 0.327 mmol/g, 0.459 mmol/g, and 0.222 mmol/g, respectively. The ion exchange capacity of MCC-AE is estimated, based on its exchange capacity for nitrate, to be within 0.46 mmol of positive charges per gram. Similar adsorption experiments were conducted for comparison using commercial chloride-form Amberlite IRA-900 strong base (quaternary amine functionality) anion exchanger, with an exchange capacity of 4.2 meq/g. Maximum adsorption of the different ions in IRA-900 was about 3 times higher for NO3−, 9 times higher for Se (VI), 10 times higher for As (V) and 9 times higher for Cr (VI), than that in MCC-AE. Differences in the ion exchange behavior of MCC-AE and IRA-900 were probably due to the different amine functionalities in the two exchangers. The results suggest that MCC-AE may be used as a low-cost alternative adsorbent/ion exchanger for treatment of anion contaminants in groundwater.

Ion exchange of H+/Na+ in polyantimonic acid, doped with vanadium ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-514
Author(s):  
Liliya Yu. Kovalenko ◽  
Vladimir A. Burmistrov ◽  
Yuliya A. Lupitskaya ◽  
Fedor A. Yaroshenko ◽  
Elena M. Filonenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Solution Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyantimonic Acid ◽  
Section Size ◽  
Pyrochlore Type ◽  
Vanadium Ions

AbstractThe influence of doping of polyantimonic acid with vanadium ions on the ion exchange H+/Na+ kinetics is determined. With the help of the X-ray analysis it is shown that doped compounds H2Sb2-xVxO6-δ  · nH2O, where x = 0.14; 0.36; 0.48 have the pyrochlore-type structure. With the increase of the amount of vanadium in a sample there is a decrease of a unit cell parameter. It is determined that there is a reduction of a unit cell frame, formed by antimonic and vanadium ions, and a size reduction of hexagonal cavities, in which protons are located. It is shown that during the ion exchange of H+/Na+ there is a change of the unit cell plane without a symmetry breaking of a crystal structure, which demonstrates solid solution formation. With the increase of the amount of vanadium in the sample there is a decrease of the ion-exchange capacity, which is connected with the decrease of the channel’s section size. The ion exchange H+/Na+ kinetics has been studied with the approximation of the Boyd’s model for the intergrain diffusion. Diffusion coefficients had the order 10−13 m2/s and decreased with the increase of the amount of vanadium in the sample.

Determination of the ion-exchange capacity of anion-selective membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 5054-5062 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Karas ◽  
J. Hnát ◽  
M. Paidar ◽  
J. Schauer ◽  
K. Bouzek
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Selective Membranes

Kristallstruktur von Cs2[B6H5(SCN)]/ Crystal Structure of Cs2[B6H5(SCN)]

1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Preetz ◽  
S. Zander ◽  
C. Bruhn
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray

Abstract By reaction of [B6H6]2-with (SCN)2 in dichloromethane at -80 C° the thiocyanatohexaborate anion is formed and can be isolated by ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose. The X-ray structure determination of Cs2[B6H5(SCN)] (orthorhombic, space group Pbca with a = 9.506(5), b = 10.644(5), c = 21.857(5) Å, Z = 8) reveals that the SCN substituent is bonded via the S atom with the B-S distance of 1.885(9) Å and the B-S-C angle of 99.8(5)°. The SCN group is nearly linear (179.9(9)°).

The Synthesis and Ion-Exchange Property of Li+ Memorized Inverse Spinel Mg2Ti0.5(PO4)2

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1014-1017
Author(s):  
Jin He Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Property ◽  
Inverse Spinel ◽  
Spinel Type ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A inverse spinel-type metal compound [Mg2Ti0.5(PO4)2], was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The Li+extraction/insertion with this material were investigated by X-ray, FT-IR spectroscopy, and Kd measurement, The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 8.7mmol/g for Li+. It had a memorial ion-sieve property for Li+.

Property of LiMn0.5Ti0.75O3 Type Ion-Exchangers and Extraction for Lithium

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Jin He Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Mechanism ◽  
Metal Compound ◽  
Spinel Type ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallization Method

A spinel-type metal compound [LiMn0.5Ti0.75O3], was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The Li+ extraction/insertion with this material were investigated by X-ray and Kd measurement. The results showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 4.2mmol/g for Li+.

scholarly journals ADSORPTION OF Ca(II), Pb(II) AND Ag(I) ON SULFONATO-SILICA HYBRID PREPARED FROM RICE HULL ASH

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Sulastri ◽  
Nuryono Nuryono ◽  
Indriana Kartini ◽  
Eko Sri Kunarti
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Hybrid

In this research, adsorption of Ca(II), Pb(II) and Ag(I) in aqueous solution onto sulfonato-silica hybrid (SSH) prepared from rice hull ash (RHA) has been studied. The preparation of SSH adsorbent was carried out by oxidation of mercapto-silica hybrid (MSH) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution 33%. MSH was prepared, via sol-gel process, by adding 3 M hydrochloric acid solution to mixture of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution and 3(trimethoxysilyl)-1-propanthiol (MPTS) to reach pH of 7.0. Solution of Na2SiO3 was generated from destruction of RHA with sodium hydroxide solution followed with heating at 500 °C for 30 min. The SSH produced was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and determination of ion-exchange capacity for sodium ion (Na+). The adsorption of Ag(I) and Ca(II) were conducted in a batch system in various concentrations for one hour. The adsorbent ion was calculated based on difference of concentrations before and after adsorption process determined using atomic absorbance spectrophotometric (AAS) method. The adsorption character was evaluated using model of isotherm Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption to calculate the capacity, constants and energy of adsorption. Result of characterization by EDX and FTIR showed qualitatively that SSH has been successfully synthesized which were indicated by appearance of characteristic absorbance of functional group namely silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si), methylene (-CH2-) and disappearance of mercapto group (SH). The XRD data showed amorphous structure of SSH, similar to silica gel (SG) and MSH. The study of adsorption thermodynamics showed that oxidation of MSH into SSH increases the ion-exchange capacity for Na+ from 0.123 to 0.575 mmol/g. The change in functional group from silanol to mercapto and from mercapto to sulfonato increases the adsorption capacity of Ca(II). However, the capacity order of adsorbents for both ions of Pb(II) and Ag(I) in aqueous solution is MSH > SG > SSH.

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