exchange property
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Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Sudipa Maity ◽  
Ivana Rubić ◽  
Josipa Kuleš ◽  
Anita Horvatić ◽  
Dražen Đuričić ◽  
...  

Dairy cows can suffer from a negative energy balance (NEB) during their transition from the dry period to early lactation, which can increase the risk of postpartum diseases such as clinical ketosis, mastitis, and fatty liver. Zeolite clinoptilolite (CPL), due to its ion-exchange property, has often been used to treat NEB in animals. However, limited information is available on the dynamics of global metabolomics and proteomic profiles in serum that could provide a better understanding of the associated altered biological pathways in response to CPL. Thus, in the present study, a total 64 serum samples were collected from 8 control and 8 CPL-treated cows at different time points in the prepartum and postpartum stages. Labelled proteomics and untargeted metabolomics resulted in identification of 64 and 21 differentially expressed proteins and metabolites, respectively, which appear to play key roles in restoring energy balance (EB) after CPL supplementation. Joint pathway and interaction analysis revealed cross-talks among valproic acid, leucic acid, glycerol, fibronectin, and kinninogen-1, which could be responsible for restoring NEB. By using a global proteomics and metabolomics strategy, the present study concluded that CPL supplementation could lower NEB in just a few weeks, and explained the possible underlying pathways employed by CPL.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingda Wu ◽  
Linghong Lu ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Yi Ma ◽  
Zhengsong Weng

Abstract Ca2+ and Mg2+ usually exist in natural water. When Cd2+ is removed from water by adsorption, it will be inhibited by these two ions. Titanate nanotubes (TNTs) have an effective adsorption capacity for Cd2+ due to extraordinary ion-exchange property. However, TNTs also adsorb Ca2+ and Mg2+ in water. In this study, carbon-modified TNT (TNT/C or TNT/HC) was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images show that TNT/C or TNT/HC still keep nanotube morphology. The experimental results show the order of adsorption amount to Cd2+ is TNT > TNT/C > TNT/HC when there is no Ca2+ or Mg2+. But when there is Ca2+ or Mg2+ in the water, the order of Cd2+ adsorption capacity becomes TNT/HC > TNT/C > TNT. It indicates that the surface carbon-modification can alleviate the hindrance of Ca2+ or Mg2+ to Cd2+ removal. This is because the carbon on the surface of TNT captured part of Ca2+ or Mg2+, it made more Cd2+ be successfully absorbed by TNT through ion exchange. This mechanism was confirmed by XPS spectra analysis. The results of this paper can provide ideas for the adsorption and removal of Cd2+ in water in the presence of Ca2+ or Mg2+.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
Marina G. Xavier

Batch adsorption studies were done on aqueous solutions of Pb(NO3)2 at varying solute concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, calcination temperatures and pH. Residual concentrations of the solute were found out using AAS and optimum conditions were studied. Adsorbent used in this study is locally available silicate rich mineral which closely resembles zeolites. The net negative charge on the framework of hydrated aluminosilicates is responsible for ion exchange property. Freundlich model was used to validate the results obtained from batch experiments plotting lnCe vs lnqe. Objective of this work is to study the kinetics of adsorption considering the interplay of particle diffusion in addition to proving the effectiveness as an adsorbent. A diffusion model also was also applied apart from kinetic model to analyze the experimental results more specifically. For maximizing the efficiency of the adsorption process and minimizing the time involved, variables like temperature, reactants and pH were manipulated using kinetic studies. It establishes the optimum reaction conditions for various experimental parameters in the process of adsorption.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yasser Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Yousif
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Q. Huang

We experimentally prove that the famous single- and double-slit experimentsare the scattered-light phase transition by slit edges rather thanthe conventional view of the transmitted-light effect by slits. Thenature of the wave-particle duality of light quanta can be well understoodwith the help of the dynamic hypothesis of the quantized chiral photons havingan intrinsic dual-energy (implicit electric field energy and hiddenmagnetic field energy) cyclic exchange property. With the suggestedtheoretical framework, the experimental diffraction pattern of thesingle slit is analytically determined and numerically confirmed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1037-1049
Author(s):  
Deyin Wu ◽  
Yonghong Li

In this paper, we research a class of axioms in closed G-V fuzzy matroids. The main research method is to transform fuzzy matroids into matroids. First, we study many properties of the basis family of induced matroids, and define a new mapping which can reflect the relationship between bases of induced matroids of a G-V fuzzy matroid. Second, we discuss the new mapping, and reveal the relationship and properties among the fundamental sequence, the induced basis family and the new mapping of a G-V fuzzy matroid. From these relationships and properties, we extract four key attributes: normativity property, inclusion property, exchange property, and right surjection. Finally, we propose and prove “the induced basis axioms for a closed G-V fuzzy matroid” by these key attributes. With the help of these axioms, a closed G-V fuzzy matroid can be uniquely determined by a finite number sequence, a subset family and a mapping on this subset family when they satisfy above four attributes, and vice versa.


Author(s):  
Joseph F. Olorunyomi ◽  
Tianyu Liu ◽  
Ching-Kit Ho ◽  
Chi-Ying Vanessa Li ◽  
Kwong-Yu Chan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Tetiana Melnychuk ◽  

The article analyses theoretically and methodologically the influencing factors and the levels of formation of students’ economic self-determination in the period of social changes. Self-determination is a socio-psychological phenomenon formed on basic psychological processes and aimed at finding by an individual of their own way of life to meet their needs. The most important factors of students’ economic self-determination are their financial well-being, formation of personality, professional self-determination and, only then, formation of their social identity. Economic self-determination is considered by students as self-determination in the economic environment with the purpose to achieve an optimal position in the system of economic relations (labour, exchange, property, distribution, etc.). Students’ economic self-determination is considered by us as self-determination in the economic environment with the following purposes: to achieve an optimal position in the system of economic relations (labour, exchange, property, distributive, etc.); to have an attitude to socio-economic conditions and their dynamics; to develop their own ideas about life meaning and life goals, life principles, values; to outline own rights (borders, boundaries); to perform self-analysis of one's own expectations and potential opportunities to meet them. Students’ economic self-determination is the step-by-step formation of their economic consciousness in socially close environment (family, friends, etc.) based on everyday knowledge on economic reality, examples of parental behaviour and their personal values. The main factors influencing the formation of students’ economic self-determination are: personal qualities, value orientations, socio-demographic, socio-economic, economic, socio-cultural factors, as well as an individual’s attitude to other people and material values, to time and money, etc. We have also found that economic self-determination, as one of the factors of professional self-determination, influences young people’s choice of a self-sufficiency strategy. Modern youth chooses legitimate ways of economic self-sufficiency and considers entrepreneurial activities as one of the ways to achieve self-sufficiency, and already hired jobs as temporary employment after receipt appropriate education to gain experience or strengthen knowledge and skills. Thus, analyzing concepts presented by deterrent scientists and summarizing the reviewed literature, we consider economic self-determination as a process of achieving by an individual of their own position in economic relations, which allow them to realize optimally their economic interests in the existing socio-economic conditions and their own understanding of life meaning, goals, principles, values, their rights and expectations.


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