DANGEROUS SITUATIONS IN TWO-LANE TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1133-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJEM MOUSSA
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inversion Point ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
The Right

This paper investigates the probability of car accidents (PCA) in two-lane traffic flow models. We introduce new conditions for the occurrence of dangerous situations (DS) caused by an unexpected lane changing vehicles. Two different lane changing rules are considered, say symmetric and asymmetric. For the symmetric rules, we investigate the influence of the Nagel–Schreckenberg parameters such as the maximal speed, the randomization probability, …, on the PCA when vehicle moves forward or changes lanes. It is found that the forward PCA is as likely as that in one-lane traffic model. As regards to lane changing, the properties of the PCA are qualitatively different from those in one-lane traffic. For the asymmetric rules, we investigate the effect of the slack parameter Δ, introduced to adjust the inversion point of lane-usage, on the PCA. Contrarily to one-lane traffic, the forward PCA in the right lane exhibits two maximums for some range of Δ; the first one is located at low density and the second at high density. The lane changing PCA from right to left is found to decrease with increase of Δ. However, no DS exist when vehicles change from left to right.

EVACUATION PROCESS IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJEM MOUSSA
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Within the framework of Biham–Middleton–Levine traffic model with origin–destination trips, we study the evacuation processes of cars in cities. Cars move from the origin to the destination points. A driver which reaches its destination disappears with rate β. It is found that the evacuation processes are greatly influenced by the origin–destination distance probability distribution. We also find that the evacuation time of drivers diverges in the form of a power law τ ∝ β-ν, with ν = 1.

Assessment of Discretionary Lane-Changing Decisions using a Random Parameters Approach with Heterogeneity in Means and Variances

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199236
Author(s):  
Qianwen Li ◽  
Xiaopeng Li ◽  
Fred Mannering
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Random Parameters ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Congested Traffic ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Vehicle Size

Lane-changing maneuvers on highways may cause capacity drops, create shock waves, and potentially increase collision risks. Properly managing lane-changing behavior to reduce these adverse impacts requires an understanding of their determinants. This paper investigates the determinants of lane changing in congested traffic using a next generation simulation dataset. A random parameters binary logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances was estimated to account for unobserved heterogeneity in lane-changing behavior across vehicles. Estimation results show that average headway, the original lane of the vehicle, driver acceleration/deceleration behavior, and vehicle size all significantly influence lane-changing probabilities. It was further found that the effect of vehicle size varied significantly across observations, that the mean of this variation decreased with increasing average headway, and the variance increased with increasing driver acceleration/deceleration. These empirical findings provide interesting new evidence on the determinants of lane changing, which can be used in traffic flow models to better replicate and predict traffic flow.

scholarly journals SIMULATION STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN BIDIRECTIONAL TRAFFIC MODELS

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1501-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJEM MOUSSA
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Car Accidents

Conditions for the occurrence of bidirectional collisions are developed based on the Simon–Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model. Three types of dangerous situations can occur in this model. We analyze those corresponding to head-on collision; rear-end collision and lane-changing collision. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the probability of the occurrence of these collisions for different values of the oncoming cars' density. It is found that the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and that of the other lane is high enough. The influence of different proportions of heavy vehicles is also studied. We found that heavy vehicles cause an important reduction of traffic flow on the home lane and provoke an increase of the risk of car accidents.

Stochastic Traffic Flow Models of the National Airspace System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monish Tandale ◽  
Jinwhan Kim ◽  
Karthik Palaniappan ◽  
P. K. Menon ◽  
Jay Rosenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
National Airspace System ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

Study of the Response of PW Traffic Flow Model to a Bottleneck on a Circular Road and its Suitability for Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Model Response ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

The traffic flow conditions in developing countries are predominantly heterogeneous. The early developed traffic flow models have been derived from fluid flow to capture the behavior of the traffic. The very first two-equation model derived from fluid flow is known as the Payne-Whitham or PW Model. Along with the traffic flow, this model also captures the traffic acceleration. However, the PW model adopts a constant driver behavior which cannot be ignored, especially in the situation of heterogeneous traffic.This research focuses on testing the PW model and its suitability for heterogeneous traffic conditions by observing the model response to a bottleneck on a circular road. The PW model is mathematically approximated using the Roe Decomposition and then the performance of the model is observed using simulations.

Dual EKF State and Parameter Estimation in Multi-Class First-Order Traffic Flow Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 14078-14083 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W.C. Van Lint ◽  
Serge P. Hoogendoorn ◽  
A. Hegyi
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
First Order ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

scholarly journals THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS FOR 1D RANDOM TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS

1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1761
Author(s):  
LV XIAO-YANG ◽  
LIU MU-REN ◽  
KONG LING-JING
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Flow Models
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