scholarly journals SIMULATION STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN BIDIRECTIONAL TRAFFIC MODELS

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1501-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJEM MOUSSA
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Car Accidents

Conditions for the occurrence of bidirectional collisions are developed based on the Simon–Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model. Three types of dangerous situations can occur in this model. We analyze those corresponding to head-on collision; rear-end collision and lane-changing collision. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the probability of the occurrence of these collisions for different values of the oncoming cars' density. It is found that the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and that of the other lane is high enough. The influence of different proportions of heavy vehicles is also studied. We found that heavy vehicles cause an important reduction of traffic flow on the home lane and provoke an increase of the risk of car accidents.

DANGEROUS SITUATIONS IN TWO-LANE TRAFFIC FLOW MODELS

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1133-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJEM MOUSSA
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inversion Point ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Traffic Flow Models ◽  
The Right

This paper investigates the probability of car accidents (PCA) in two-lane traffic flow models. We introduce new conditions for the occurrence of dangerous situations (DS) caused by an unexpected lane changing vehicles. Two different lane changing rules are considered, say symmetric and asymmetric. For the symmetric rules, we investigate the influence of the Nagel–Schreckenberg parameters such as the maximal speed, the randomization probability, …, on the PCA when vehicle moves forward or changes lanes. It is found that the forward PCA is as likely as that in one-lane traffic model. As regards to lane changing, the properties of the PCA are qualitatively different from those in one-lane traffic. For the asymmetric rules, we investigate the effect of the slack parameter Δ, introduced to adjust the inversion point of lane-usage, on the PCA. Contrarily to one-lane traffic, the forward PCA in the right lane exhibits two maximums for some range of Δ; the first one is located at low density and the second at high density. The lane changing PCA from right to left is found to decrease with increase of Δ. However, no DS exist when vehicles change from left to right.

Simulation study of traffic accidents on a three-lane highway

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jau-Yang Chang ◽  
Wun-Cing Lai
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Flow Model ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Driving Behaviors

Unsuitable driving behaviors often lead to the occurrence of traffic accidents. To reduce accidents and to prolong human life, simulated investigations are highly desirable to evaluate the effect of traffic safety in terms of number of traffic accidents. In this paper, a three-lane traffic flow model is proposed to analyze the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents on highway. We define appropriate driving rules for the forward moving and lane changing of the vehicles. Three types of vehicle accidents are designed to investigate the relationships between different driving behaviors and traffic accidents. We simulate four road driving strategies, and compute the traffic flow, velocity, lane-changing frequency and the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents for different road driving strategies. According to the simulation and analysis, it is shown that the probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents can be reduced by using the specified road driving strategies. Additionally, we found that the occurrence of traffic accidents can be avoided when the slow vehicles are suitably constrained to move on a three-lane highway.

scholarly journals Research on Mandatory Lane-Changing Behavior in Highway Weaving Sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hao ◽  
Zhaolei Zhang ◽  
Zhibo Gao ◽  
Kefu Yi ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Headway Distribution ◽  
Analysis Models

As the accident-prone sections and bottlenecks, highway weaving sections will become more complicated when it comes to the mixed-traffic environments with connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) and human-driven vehicles (HVs). In order to make CAVs accurately identify the driving behavior of manual-human vehicles to avoid traffic accidents caused by lane changing, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the mandatory lane-changing (MCL) process in the weaving area. An analytical MCL method based on the driver’s psychological characteristics is proposed in this study. Firstly, the driver’s MLC pressure concept was proposed by leading in the distance of the off-ramp. Then, the lane-changing intention was quantified by considering the driver’s MLC pressure and tendentiousness. Finally, based on the lane-changing intention and the headway distribution of the target lane, an MLC positions probability density model was proposed to describe the distribution characteristics of the lane-changing position. Through the NGSIM data verification, the lane-changing analysis models can objectively describe the vehicle lane-changing characteristics in the actual scenarios. Compared with the traditional lane-changing model, the proposed models are more interpretable and in line with the driving intention. The results show significant improvements in the lane-changing safe recognition of CAVs in heterogeneous traffic flow (both CAVs and HVs) in the future.

Seriousness of Traffic Accidents during Work and Commuting

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simo Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Major Injury ◽  
Compensation Claims

This study examined the seriousness of traffic accidents that happened either on work errands or during commuting. The article was based on three independently gathered data sets, of which two were based on compensation claims to the insurance companies ( N = 2,050 and N = 17,108) and one on the interviews of victims ( N = 328). The traffic accidents at work led to a major injury or death more often than the commuting accidents. On the other hand, the work-related traffic accidents were less serious than the leisure-time traffic accidents. One explanation could be that heavy vehicles used during the working hours protected the drivers of these vehicles.

Simulation study of the traffic circle system with adaptive traffic lights

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150268
Author(s):  
A. Ez-Zahar ◽  
H. Ez-Zahraouy ◽  
K. Bentaleb ◽  
A. Khallouk ◽  
N. Lakouari
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Satisfaction Rate ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics ◽  
Rate Criterion

In this paper, we propose a cellular automaton model to investigate the traffic flow characteristics in the traffic circle system with adaptive traffic lights control. The traffic flow in the circulating lane was evaluated and depending on it the traffic lights lit red in the entry lanes to reduce the coming traffic. The density and the satisfaction rate were used as feedback to control the traffic flow in the circulating lane. It is found that both parameters (i.e. the density and the satisfaction rate in the circulating lane), if they are used as a criterion to control the coming traffic from entry lanes, promote the throughput in the traffic circle system. Traffic flow for the traffic circle system without using the traffic lights was investigated. In this case, we find that the traffic flow in the system is characterized by three phases, namely, gridlock, congestion, and free flow. The gridlock phase is predominant over the other phases. Furthermore, with the use of the adaptive traffic lights, the gridlock phase has vanished and the maximum current, jammed, and congestion phases take place. The density criterion shows good performance as compared with the satisfaction rate criterion in terms of the lengths of the red cycle. The capacity is also investigated. The space-time configurations were given to understand the microscopic interaction between vehicles.

scholarly journals Simulation Strategies for Mixed Traffic Conditions: A Review of Car-Following Models and Simulation Frameworks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhargav Naidu Matcha ◽  
Satesh Narayana Namasivayam ◽  
Mohammad Hosseini Fouladi ◽  
K. C. Ng ◽  
Sivakumar Sivanesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
And Mathematics

The area of traffic flow modelling and analysis that bridges civil engineering, computer science, and mathematics has gained significant momentum in the urban areas due to increasing vehicular population causing traffic congestion and accidents. Notably, the existence of mixed traffic conditions has been proven to be a significant contributor to road accidents and congestion. The interaction of vehicles takes place in both lateral and longitudinal directions, giving rise to a two-dimensional (2D) traffic behaviour. This behaviour contradicts with the traditional car-following (CF) or one-dimensional (1D) lane-based traffic flow. Existing one-dimensional CF models did the inclusion of lane changing and overtaking behaviour of the mixed traffic stream with specific alterations. However, these parameters cannot describe the continuous lateral manoeuvre of mixed traffic flow. This review focuses on all the significant contributions made by 2D models in evaluating the lateral and longitudinal vehicle behaviour simultaneously. The accommodation of vehicle heterogeneity into the car-following models (homogeneous traffic models) is discussed in detail, along with their shortcomings and research gaps. Also, the review of commercially existing microscopic traffic simulation frameworks built to evaluate real-world traffic scenario are presented. This review identified various vehicle parameters adopted by existing CF models and whether the current 2D traffic models developed from CF models effectively captured the vehicle behaviour in mixed traffic conditions. Findings of this study are outlined at the end.

Modeling traffic flow in work zone sections considering the effect of traffic lights

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150113
Author(s):  
Xingyu Lu ◽  
Li Fei ◽  
Huibing Zhu ◽  
Wangjun Cheng ◽  
Zijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Traffic Lights

Based on the two-lane highway traffic model with a work zone presented previously, a new traffic model with a work zone under the control of traffic lights is proposed. The length of the waiting area for vehicles before traffic lights is recommended cautiously after numerical simulation. The relationship between the vehicles’ queuing time and the cycle of traffic lights is studied, and the cycle time of traffic lights is obtained also considering people’s endurance to the red light. It is found that the traffic lights are effective to ease the traffic congestion in the work zone when the density is medium, and help to eliminate the inducement of traffic accidents. On the other hand, the simulation results show that traffic lights are not needed in the work zone when the traffic density is small. It indicates that the traffic flow in the work zone area can be optimized by using appropriate traffic management when the traffic density varies.

The Effect of a Temporary Bottleneck in Two-Lane of a Road on Traffic Flow Based on the Kerner-Klenov-Wolf Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Hai Jun Liang ◽  
Hong Yu Yang ◽  
Chao Xiao ◽  
Peng Sheng ◽  
Jian Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Driver Behavior ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Vehicle Type ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Difference

Considering a temporary bottleneck made by special accidents, we proposed a new two-lane traffic model based on the KKW (Kerner–Klenov-Wolf) model. According to the difference of driver behavior and vehicle type, we present a new asymmetry lane-changing rules and the model of grabbing the entrance of a bottleneck. In our simulation, as demonstrated by various examples, the asymmetry lane-changing and the heterogeneous distribution of vehicles easily result in complex fluctuations of traffic flow and jam.

Multi-Lane Lane-Changing Model under the Influence of Heavy Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2117-2120
Author(s):  
Xiao Fang Yang ◽  
Jian Rong Wang ◽  
Xin Zhu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Mixed Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Preceding Vehicle

This paper presents a new lane-changing model of multi-lane mixed traffic flow. The influences of heavy vehicles on lane-changing are analyzed. An improved accumulated speed benefit model is proposed in which drivers generate lane-changing intentions based on accumulated speed benefit of preceding vehicle in target lane over the preceding vehicle in current lane, not just relative to the speed and desired speed of subject vehicle. Drivers may accelerate or decelerate during lane-changing due to different traffic conditions. Simulations show that with the increase in the proportion of heavy vehicles, lane changing frequency first increases and then decreases. The model is validated with empirical data.

scholarly journals Effects of Car Accidents on Three-Lane Traffic Flow

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Chen ◽  
Zhiyuan Peng ◽  
Yuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Velocity Difference ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Flow Model ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Car Accident

A three-lane traffic flow model is proposed to investigate the effect of car accidents on the traffic flow. The model is an extension of the full velocity difference (FVD) model by taking into account the lane changing. The extended lane-changing rules are presented to model the lane-changing behaviour. The cases that the car accidents occupy the exterior or interior lane, the medium lane, and two lanes are studied by numerical simulations. The time-space diagrams and the current diagrams are presented, and the traffic jams are investigated. The results show that the car accident has a different effect on the traffic flow when it occupies different lanes. The car accidents have a more serious effect on the whole road when they occupy two lanes. The larger the density is, the greater the influence on the traffic flow becomes.

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