The Toxicity and Attenuation Methods of Toxic Chinese Materia Medica for its Reasonable Application: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Jun-Yan Xiang ◽  
Yan-Yu Chi ◽  
Jin-Xin Han ◽  
Hongyu Xiang ◽  
Qiuhong Xie
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Rational Application ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Toxic Components

Over a millennia, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat various diseases in China. In recent years, more and more Chinese materia medica (CMM) have been studied in scientific research projects, applied in clinical practice, and their extracts have even appeared in some health products. However, the toxicity of some CMM is often overlooked, including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, etc. In this review, the toxic components and their toxicological mechanisms of some toxic CMM were listed according to the chemical structure classification of toxic components. Afterwards, the traditional methods (processing and compatibility) and modern methods (structural modification, biotransformation, etc.) of attenuation of CMM were discussed. Since ancient times, it has been said that “fight fire with fire, fight poison with poison,” and toxic CMM are of great significance in the treatment of difficult and severe diseases. The rational application of toxic CMM and their components in clinical practice was also exemplified in this review. While the pharmacological effects of TCMs have been emphasized, the scientific attenuation and rational application of toxic components should be concerned. We hope this review can provide a reference for future related research.

scholarly journals Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Danni Wang ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yuefei Wang ◽  
Xin Chai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. These chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hepatoprotective activities, and so on. This review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice.

scholarly journals Improving reporting of adverse events and adverse drug reactions following injections of Chinese materia medica

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Xiang Bian ◽  
Hao-Yao Tian ◽  
Lin Gao ◽  
Hong-Cai Shang ◽  
Tai-Xiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica

Ephedra (Ma-Huang) in the New Chinese Materia Medica

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiu-Ying Hu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
Ma Huang

UHPLC/Q-TOFMS-based metabolomics for the characterization of cold and hot properties of Chinese materia medica

2016 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Shujun Zhou ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Shuying Liu ◽  
Yuanjia Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Materia Medica ◽  
Materia Medica

Diverse Dimensions of the Cotard’s Syndrome - an Approach Towards a Clear Classification of the Phenomenon

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Nagy ◽  
V. Voros ◽  
T. Tenyi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
The One

Aim:The authors present the Cotard's syndrome, a rare psychiatric condition, pointing out the latest results in terms of psychoneurology and classification of the phenomenon. The central feature of the syndrome is a nihilistic delusion, in which the patient denies his or her own existence and that of the external world.Method:We searched electronic scientific databases using the appropriate search terms; relevant articles were carefully reviewed. We also present three cases from our clinical practice.Results:After the overview of the latest biological and neuropsychological findings, the terminology, the nosology, the classification and the differential diagnostics are discussed. To sum up with useful information for the clinical practice, the possible treatment strategies, the course and the prognosis of the disease are also presented.Conclusions:The reported cases together with the reviewed literature suggest that a dimensional system of classifying Cotard's syndrome is preferable. At the one end of the spectrum is the presence of the pure nihilistic delusions, appearing as a symptom of an underlying psychiatric or neurological condition. The full-blown, classical syndrome as a diagnostic category forms the other end of the spectrum. The presented theoretical and practical aspects give a lead on deeper understanding, easier recognition and more adequate therapy of the Cotard's syndrome.

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