scholarly journals The cosmic microwave background and pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone bosons: Searching for Lorentz violations in the cosmos

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 1730002 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Leon ◽  
Jonathan Kaufman ◽  
Brian Keating ◽  
Matthew Mewes
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Goldstone Boson ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Standard Model Extension ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Goldstone Bosons ◽  
Model Extension ◽  
Angle Rotation

One of the most powerful probes of new physics is the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB). The detection of a nonzero polarization angle rotation between the CMB surface of last scattering and today could provide evidence of Lorentz-violating physics. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, we review one popular mechanism for polarization rotation of CMB photons: the pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone boson (PNGB). Second, we propose a method to use the Polarbear experiment to constrain Lorentz-violating physics in the context of the Standard Model Extension (SME), a framework to standardize a large class of potential Lorentz-violating terms in particle physics.

scholarly journals Room for New Physics in the Rayleigh-Jeans Tail of the Cosmic Microwave Background

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Pospelov ◽  
Josef Pradler ◽  
Joshua T. Ruderman ◽  
Alfredo Urbano
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Microwave Background

scholarly journals PHYSICS WITH COSMIC NEUTRINOS, PEV TO ZEV

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 4065-4083 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. WEILER
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Cosmic Neutrino ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
The Impact

Neutrinos offer a particularly promising eye on the extreme Universe. Neutrinos are not attenuated by intervening radiation fields such as the Cosmic Microwave Background, and so they are messengers from the very distant and very young phase of the universe. Also, neutrinos are not deflected by cosmic magnetic fields, and so they should point to their sources. In addition, there are particle physics aspects of neutrinos which can be tested only with cosmic neutrino beams. After a brief overview of highest-energy cosmic ray data, and the present and proposed experiments which will perform neutrino astronomy, we discuss two particle physics aspects of neutrinos. They are possible long-lifetime decay of the neutrino, and a measurement of the neutrino-nucleon cross-section at a CMS energy orders of magnitude beyond what can be achieved with terrestrial accelerators. Measurement of an anomalously large neutrino cross-section would indicate new physics (e.g. low string-scale, extra dimensions, precocious unification), while a smaller than expected cross-section would reveal an aspect of QCD evolution. We then discuss aspects of neutrino-primary models for the extreme-energy (EE) cosmic ray data. Primary neutrinos in extant data are motivated by the directional clustering at EE reported by the AGASA experiment. We discuss the impact of the strongly-interacting neutrino hypothesis on lower-energy physics via dispersion relations, the statistical significance of AGASA directional clustering, and the possible relevance of the Z-burst mechanism for existing EE cosmic ray data.

scholarly journals CPT CONSERVING COSMOLOGICAL BIREFRINGENCE

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (21) ◽  
pp. 3408-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Q. GENG ◽  
S. H. HO ◽  
J. N. NG
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Radiation Polarization ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Microwave Background Radiation ◽  
Chern Simons

We demonstrate that the cosmological birefringence can arise from CPT conserving effect, originated from the CPT-even dimension-six Chern-Simons-like term. We show that a sizable rotation polarization angle in the data of the cosmic microwave background radiation polarization can be induced.

scholarly journals Cosmological birefringence induced by neutrino current

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Q Geng ◽  
S H Ho ◽  
J N Ng
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Microwave Background Radiation ◽  
98.80 Cq ◽  
New Type ◽  
Chern Simons

We review our recent work, Geng et al. (J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 09, 010 (2007)) on the cosmological birefringence. We propose a new type of effective interactions in terms of the CPT-even dimension-six Chern–Simons-like term to generate the cosmological birefringence. We use the neutrino number asymmetry to induce a nonzero rotation polarization angle in the data of the cosmic microwave background-radiation polarization.PACS Nos.: 98.80.Cq, 98.80.Es, 11.30.Fs

scholarly journals Particle physics and the cosmic microwave background

Physics Today ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Carlstrom ◽  
Thomas M. Crawford ◽  
Lloyd Knox
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Microwave Background

scholarly journals Lorentz-violating effects on pair production of W bosons in photon collisions

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (31) ◽  
pp. 1450180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Aranda ◽  
F. Ramírez-Zavaleta ◽  
F. J. Tlachino ◽  
J. J. Toscano ◽  
E. S. Tututi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Lorentz Symmetry ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Standard Model Extension ◽  
Symmetry Violation ◽  
Model Extension ◽  
The Standard Model

We examine Lorentz-violating effects that could appear through deviations of the Standard Model gauge couplings WWγ, WWγγ, Zγγ and γγγ. These new physics effects are explored on the γγ→WW reaction at possible future Linear Colliders. In particular, the associated helicity amplitudes are computed in the context of the Standard Model Extension (which is a model that includes Lorentz violation) and the Effective Lagrangian Model (which incorporates new physics effects that respect Lorentz symmetry). We perform an exhaustive study of the polarized differential cross-sections to stand out effects related to Lorentz symmetry violation, where it is evidenced that the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation are more sensitive to the presence of the e background field. We found that for the (±, ±, (L, T+T, L)) polarization state, only Standard Model Extension contributes at the lowest order. For this polarization state, with an integrated luminosity assumed to be 103 fb -1, we estimated up to 1 event for a Lorentz-violating energy scale of 44 TeV.

Cosmological birefringence constraints from the Planck 2015 CMB likelihood

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Gruppuso
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Parity Violation ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Recombination Epoch

The Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background (CMB) likelihood is employed to constrain the cosmological birefringence angle, i.e. the in vacuo rotation of the linear polarization that CMB photons would experience during propagation in case of parity violating coupling within the electromagnetic sector of the Standard Model of particle physics. We find [Formula: see text] which is well compatible with no parity violation mechanism in action from recombination epoch to present.

scholarly journals Neutral Hydrogen Structures Trace Dust Polarization Angle: Implications for Cosmic Microwave Background Foregrounds

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Clark ◽  
J. Colin Hill ◽  
J. E. G. Peek ◽  
M. E. Putman ◽  
B. L. Babler
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Microwave Background
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