scholarly journals RESTRICTIONS ON THE HYPOTHETICAL LONG RANGE INTERACTIONS FROM THE CASIMIR-TYPE NULL EXPERIMENT WITH THREE TEST BODIES

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (29) ◽  
pp. 2671-2680 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BORDAG ◽  
V. M. MOSTEPANENKO ◽  
I. YU. SOKOLOV
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Casimir Force ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Gravitational Attraction ◽  
Spherical Lens ◽  
Plane Plate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Range Interactions

A realistic null experiment is suggested in which the Casimir force between a plane plate and a spherical lens is compensated by the force of gravitational attraction. This configuration is shown to be very sensitive to the existence of additional hypothetical forces of Yukawa-type or power laws. From the suggested null experiment the restrictions on the Yukawa constant α can be strengthened by a factor up to 1000 in a wide range 10−8 m < λ < 10−4 m and by a factor of 10 for λ from several centimeters to several meters. For power law interactions the strengthening of restrictions by a factor of 20 is possible for the force decreasing as r−5.

scholarly journals Emergence of power laws in the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel due to competing saturable processes.

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A Tuszynski ◽  
Rebeccah E. Marsh ◽  
Michael B. Sawyer ◽  
Kenneth J.E. Vos
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Fractional Power ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Power Exponent ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: This study presents the results of power law analysis applied to the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel. Emphasis is placed on the role that the power exponent can play in the investigation and quantification of nonlinear pharmacokinetics and the elucidation of the underlying physiological processes. Methods: Forty-one sets of concentration-time data were inferred from 20 published clinical trial studies, and 8 sets of area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax) values as a function of dose were collected. Both types of data were tested for a power law relationship using least squares regression analysis. Results: Thirty-nine of the concentration-time curves were found to exhibit power law tails, and two dominant fractal exponents emerged. Short infusion times led to tails with a single power exponent of -1.57 ± 0.14, while long infusion times resulted in steeper tails characterized by roughly twice the exponent. The curves following intermediate infusion times were characterized by two consecutive power laws; an initial short slope with the larger alpha value was followed by a crossover to a long-time tail characterized by the smaller exponent. The AUC and Cmax parameters exhibited a power law dependence on the dose, with fractional power exponents that agreed with each other and with the exponent characterizing the shallow decline. Computer simulations revealed that a two- or three-compartment model with both saturable distribution and saturable elimination can produce the observed behaviour. Furthermore, there is preliminary evidence that the nonlinear dose-dependence is correlated with the power law tails. Conclusion: Assessment of data from published clinical trials suggests that power laws accurately describe the concentration-time curves and non-linear dose-dependence of paclitaxel, and the power exponents provide insight into the underlying drug mechanisms. The interplay between two saturable processes can produce a wide range of behaviour, including concentration-time curves with exponential, power law, and dual power law tails.

LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS IN THE HELICOIDAL DNA DYNAMICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 1350143 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRABEAU SAHA ◽  
TIMOLEON C. KOFANÉ
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Dna Dynamics ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Range Interaction ◽  
Dna Molecule ◽  
Long Range Interactions ◽  
Long Range Interaction

In this paper, the comparison between power-law long-range interaction and Kac–Baker long-range interaction in the DNA molecule is investigated. This is done by employing an extended version of spin-like model of the DNA molecule with long-range interaction between intra-strand nucleotides and helicoidal coupling between inter-strand nucleotides when an RNA-polymerase binds to the DNA at biological temperature. Results show that LRIs have an undeniable effect on the DNA dynamics and that one is free to use either PLLRI or KBLRI to study DNA behaviors.

DYNAMICAL EXPLANATION FOR THE EMERGENCE OF POWER LAW IN A STOCK MARKET MODEL

1996 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOSHE LEVY ◽  
SORIN SOLOMON ◽  
GIVAT RAM
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Stationary Regime ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Sand Piles

Power laws are found in a wide range of different systems: From sand piles to word occurrence frequencies and to the size distribution of cities. The natural emergence of these power laws in so many different systems, which has been called self-organized criticality, seems rather mysterious and awaits a rigorous explanation. In this letter we study the stationary regime of a previously introduced dynamical microscopic model of the stock market. We find that the wealth distribution among investors spontaneously converges to a power law. We are able to explain this phenomenon by simple general considerations. We suggest that similar considerations may explain self-organized criticality in many other systems. They also explain the Levy distribution.

scholarly journals Precise comparison of theory and new experiment for the Casimir force leads to stronger constraints on thermal quantum effects and long-range interactions

2005 ◽  
Vol 318 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Decca ◽  
D. López ◽  
E. Fischbach ◽  
G.L. Klimchitskaya ◽  
D.E. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Casimir Force ◽  
Quantum Effects ◽  
Long Range Interactions

Solitons in anharmonic chains with power-law long-range interactions

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 3833-3842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge F. Mingaleev ◽  
Yuri B. Gaididei ◽  
Franz G. Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Long Range Interactions

scholarly journals CASIMIR EFFECT AS A TEST FOR THERMAL CORRECTIONS AND HYPOTHETICAL LONG-RANGE INTERACTIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2205-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. KLIMCHITSKAYA ◽  
R. S. DECCA ◽  
E. FISCHBACH ◽  
D. E. KRAUSE ◽  
D. LÓPEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Casimir Force ◽  
Casimir Effect ◽  
Newtonian Gravity ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Interaction Range ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Long Range Interactions ◽  
The Standard Model

We have performed a precise experimental determination of the Casimir pressure between two gold-coated parallel plates by means of a micromachined oscillator. In contrast to all previous experiments on the Casimir effect, where a small relative error (varying from 1% to 15%) was achieved only at the shortest separation, our smallest experimental error (~ 0.5%) is achieved over a wide separation range from 170 nm to 300 nm at 95% confidence. We have formulated a rigorous metrological procedure for the comparison of experiment and theory without resorting to the previously used root-mean-square deviation, which has been criticized in the literature. This enables us to discriminate among different competing theories of the thermal Casimir force, and to resolve a thermodynamic puzzle arising from the application of Lifshitz theory to real metals. Our results lead to a more rigorous approach for obtaining constraints on hypothetical long-range interactions predicted by extra-dimensional physics and other extensions of the Standard Model. In particular, the constraints on non-Newtonian gravity are strengthened by up to a factor of 20 in a wide interaction range at 95% confidence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document