Effect of Spontaneous Emission Noise and Modulation on Semiconductor Lasers Near Threshold with Optical Feedback

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (22n24) ◽  
pp. 4123-4138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wing-Shun Lam ◽  
Parvez N. Guzdar ◽  
Rajarshi Roy
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Spontaneous Emission ◽  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Threshold Current ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Feedback Strength ◽  
Near Threshold

The dynamical behavior of power dropouts in a semiconductor laser with optical feedback, pumped near threshold current, is strongly influenced by quantum noise. This is clearly demonstrated by experiments with modulations on the pumping current or the feedback strength. For the cases without modulation and with only current modulation, the dropouts occur randomly. However the feedback strength modulation locks the dropout events periodically. By numerically modeling these three cases using the Lang–Kobayashi equations with a stochastic term to take into account spontaneous emission noise, it is shown that the observed behavior of the dropouts can be readily reproduced for all three cases. Noise plays a signifcant role in explaining the observed dropout events. A simple explanation of the observed dropout phenomenon is presented, based on the adiabatic motion of the ellipse formed by the steady state solutions of the rate equations due to slow time modulations of the injection current or the feedback strength.

scholarly journals Quantum control of phase fluctuations in semiconductor lasers

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (34) ◽  
pp. E7896-E7904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos T. Santis ◽  
Yaakov Vilenchik ◽  
Naresh Satyan ◽  
George Rakuljic ◽  
Amnon Yariv
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Spontaneous Emission ◽  
Quantum Control ◽  
Quantum Noise ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Relaxation Oscillation ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Laser Systems ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Few laser systems allow access to the light–emitter interaction as versatile and direct as that afforded by semiconductor lasers. Such a level of access can be exploited for the control of the coherence and dynamic properties of the laser. Here, we demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, the reduction of the quantum phase noise of a semiconductor laser through the direct control of the spontaneous emission into the laser mode, exercised via the precise and deterministic manipulation of the optical mode’s spatial field distribution. Central to the approach is the recognition of the intimate interplay between spontaneous emission and optical loss. A method of leveraging and “walking” this fine balance to its limit is described. As a result, some two orders of magnitude reduction in quantum noise over the state of the art in semiconductor lasers, corresponding to a minimum linewidth of 1 kHz, is demonstrated. Further implications, including an additional order-of-magnitude enhancement in effective coherence by way of control of the relaxation oscillation resonance frequency and enhancement of the intrinsic immunity to optical feedback, highlight the potential of the proposed concept for next-generation, integrated coherent systems.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Dynamics of a Single-Mode Semiconductor Laser with Long Delayed Optical Feedback: A Modern Experimental Characterization Approach

Photonics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Xavier Porte ◽  
Daniel Brunner ◽  
Ingo Fischer ◽  
Miguel C. Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Laser ◽  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Laser Cavity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multiple Time Scales ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Delayed Optical Feedback

Semiconductor lasers can exhibit complex dynamical behavior in the presence of external perturbations. Delayed optical feedback, re-injecting part of the emitted light back into the laser cavity, in particular, can destabilize the laser’s emission. We focus on the emission properties of a semiconductor laser subject to such optical feedback, where the delay of the light re-injection is large compared to the relaxation oscillations period. We present an overview of the main dynamical features that emerge in semiconductor lasers subject to delayed optical feedback, emphasizing how to experimentally characterize these features using intensity and high-resolution optical spectra measurements. The characterization of the system requires the experimentalist to be able to simultaneously measure multiple time scales that can be up to six orders of magnitude apart, from the picosecond to the microsecond range. We highlight some experimental observations that are particularly interesting from the fundamental point of view and, moreover, provide opportunities for future photonic applications.

scholarly journals ENTRAINMENT OF OPTICAL LOW-FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS IS ENHANCED BY COUPLING

2003 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. L127-L136 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BULDÚ ◽  
J. GARCÍA-OJALVO ◽  
M. C. TORRENT ◽  
RAÚL VICENTE ◽  
TONI PÉREZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Differential Rate ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations ◽  
The One ◽  
Delay Differential ◽  
Low Frequency Power

The control of the low-frequency fluctuations exhibited by two mutually coupled semiconductor lasers is studied experimentally and numerically. We observe that coupling enhances the response of the system to a weak periodic modulation of the injection current of one of the lasers, leading to a highly efficient entrainment of the synchronized low-frequency power dropouts to the external periodic driving. We compare the quality of the entrainment with the one obtained in a single semiconductor laser with optical feedback, showing the beneficial role of coupling in this pursuit. The experimental observations are satisfactorily reproduced by numerical simulations of a set of coupled delay-differential rate equations.

QUANTUM STATE CONTROL IN SEMICONDUCTOR pn-JUNCTIONS (II): CONTROLLED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION IN QUANTUM WELL MICROCAVITY LASERS

1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (08) ◽  
pp. 1653-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHIHISA YAMAMOTO ◽  
GUNNAR BJÖRK ◽  
ANDERS KARLSSON ◽  
HENRICH HEITMANN ◽  
FRANKLIN M. MATINAGA
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Spontaneous Emission ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Threshold Current ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
State Control ◽  
High Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Microcavity Lasers ◽  
Low Threshold

The principles and applications of controlled spontaneous emission in semiconductor microcavities are reviewed. The coupling efficiency of spontaneous emission into a lasing mode and the spontaneous emission rate can be modified by various microcavity structures. By increasing the coupling efficiency, semiconductor lasers with a very low threshold current, and semiconductors lasers and light emitting diodes with a high quantum efficiency, broad modulation bandwidth and low noise are expected.

scholarly journals LAMBERT FUNCTION METHODs TO STUDY LASER DYNAMICS WITH TIME-DELAYED FEEDBACK

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Yogesh N Joglekar ◽  
Gautam Vemuri ◽  
Andrew Wilkey
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Single Equation ◽  
Lambert W Function ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Lambert Function ◽  
Laser Dynamics ◽  
Delayed Differential Equations ◽  
Time Delayed Feedback ◽  
Model Semiconductor

<p><!--StartFragment-->Time-delayed differential equations arise frequently in the study of nonlinear dynamics of lasers with optical feedback and because the analytical solution of such equations can be intractable, one resorts to numerical methods. In this manuscript, we show that under some conditions, the rate equations model that is used to model semiconductor lasers with feedback can be analytically solved by using the Lambert W function. In particular, we discuss the conditions under which the coupled rate equations for the intracavity electric field and carrier inversion can be reduced to a single equation for the field, and how this single rate equation can be cast in a form that is amenable to the use of the Lambert W function.<!--EndFragment--></p>

scholarly journals Locking Phenomena in Semiconductor Lasers near Threshold with Optical Feedback and Sinusoidal Current Modulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7871
Author(s):  
Jordi Tiana-Alsina ◽  
Cristina Masoller
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Regular Spike ◽  
Current Modulation ◽  
Sinusoidal Current ◽  
Locking Phenomena ◽  
Near Threshold

The dynamics of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback and current modulation has been extensively studied, and it is, by now, well known that the interplay of modulation and feedback can produce a rich variety of nonlinear phenomena. Near threshold, in the so-called low frequency fluctuations regime, the intensity emitted by the laser, without modulation, exhibits feedback-induced spikes, which occur at irregular times. When the laser current is sinusoidally modulated, under appropriate conditions, the spikes lock to the modulation and become periodic. In previous works, we studied experimentally the locked behavior and found sub-harmonic locking (regular spike timing such that a spike is emitted every two or three modulation cycles), but we did not find spikes with regular timing, emitted every modulation cycle. To understand why 1:1 regular locking was not observed, here, we perform simulations of the well-known Lang–Kobayashi model. We find a good qualitative agreement with the experiments: with small modulation amplitudes, we find wide parameter regions in which the spikes are sub-harmonically locked to the modulation, while 1:1 locking occurs at much higher modulation amplitudes.

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