scholarly journals Monte Carlo simulation of quantum Zeno effect in the brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (07) ◽  
pp. 1550039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danko Georgiev
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Von Neumann Entropy ◽  
Quantum Zeno Effect ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Zeno Effect ◽  
Brain Entropy ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Local Projections ◽  
The Brain

Environmental decoherence appears to be the biggest obstacle for successful construction of quantum mind theories. Nevertheless, the quantum physicist Henry Stapp promoted the view that the mind could utilize quantum Zeno effect to influence brain dynamics and that the efficacy of such mental efforts would not be undermined by environmental decoherence of the brain. To address the physical plausibility of Stapp's claim, we modeled the brain using quantum tunneling of an electron in a multiple-well structure such as the voltage sensor in neuronal ion channels and performed Monte Carlo simulations of quantum Zeno effect exerted by the mind upon the brain in the presence or absence of environmental decoherence. The simulations unambiguously showed that the quantum Zeno effect breaks down for timescales greater than the brain decoherence time. To generalize the Monte Carlo simulation results for any n-level quantum system, we further analyzed the change of brain entropy due to the mind probing actions and proved a theorem according to which local projections cannot decrease the von Neumann entropy of the unconditional brain density matrix. The latter theorem establishes that Stapp's model is physically implausible but leaves a door open for future development of quantum mind theories provided the brain has a decoherence-free subspace.

scholarly journals Convergence Conditions of Mixed States and their von Neumann Entropy in Continuous Quantum Measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450010
Author(s):  
Toru Fuda
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Von Neumann Entropy ◽  
Projection Operators ◽  
Mixed States ◽  
Convergence Conditions ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Zeno Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Arbitrary Precision ◽  
Continuous Quantum Measurements

By carrying out appropriate continuous quantum measurements with a family of projection operators, a unitary channel can be approximated in an arbitrary precision in the trace norm sense. In particular, the quantum Zeno effect is described as an application. In the case of an infinite dimension, although the von Neumann entropy is not necessarily continuous, the difference of the entropies between the states, as mentioned above, can be made arbitrarily small under some conditions.

scholarly journals Monte Carlo simulation of the spatial resolution and depth sensitivity of two-dimensional optical imaging of the brain

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 016006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifang Tian ◽  
Anna Devor ◽  
Sava Sakadžić ◽  
Anders M. Dale ◽  
David A. Boas
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Depth Sensitivity ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals All You Ever Wanted to Know About the Quantum Zeno Effect in 70 Minutes

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1440007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Pascazio
Keyword(s):  
Schrödinger Equation ◽  
Schrodinger Equation ◽  
Projective Measurement ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Quantum Zeno Effect ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Zeno Effect ◽  
The Subject

This is a primer on the quantum Zeno effect, addressed to students and researchers with no previous knowledge on the subject. The prerequisites are the Schrödinger equation and the von Neumann notion of projective measurement.

scholarly journals Order-Stability in Complex Biosystems from the Viewpoint of the Theory of Open Quantum Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Khrennikov ◽  
Noboru Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Von Neumann Entropy ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Compound System ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Local Disorder ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Complex Biosystems ◽  
Main Distinguishing Feature

This paper is our attempt on the basis of physical theory to bring more clarification on the question ``What is life?'' formulated in the well-known book of Schr\"odinger in 1944. According to Schr\"odinger, the main distinguishing feature of biosystem's functioning is the ability to preserve its order structure or, in the mathematical terms, to prevent increasing of entropy. Since any biosystem is fundamentally open, it is natural to use open system's theory. However, Schr\"odinger's analysis shows that the classical theory is not able to adequately describe the order-stability in a biosystem. Schr\"odinger should also appeal to the ambiguous notion of negative entropy. We suggest to apply the quantum theory. As is well-known, behaviour of the quantum von Neumann entropy crucially differs from behaviour of the classical entropy. We consider a complex biosystem $S$ composed of many subsystems, say proteins, or cells, or neural networks in the brain, i.e., $S=(S_i).$ We study the following problem: if the composed system $S$ can preserve the ``global order'' in the situation of increase of local disorder and if $S$ can preserve its entropy while some of $S_i$ increase their entropies We show that within quantum information theory the answer is positive. The significant role plays entanglement of the subsystems states. In the absence of entanglement, increasing of local disorder generates disorder increasing in the compound system $S$ (as in the classical regime).

ENIAC Tries Its Luck

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Haigh ◽  
Mark Priestley ◽  
Crispin Rope
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Programming Method ◽  
Initial Configuration ◽  
Program Code ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Flow Diagrams

As soon as Metropolis had completed the initial configuration of ENIAC for the new programming method, and before it was working properly, Klara von Neumann arrived to help. She had taken the leading role in converting the flow diagrams into program code, and together they worked around the clock for several weeks to get both program and machine into a usable state and to shuffle tens of thousands of cards in and out of it during Monte Carlo simulation of each exploding fission bomb. This chapter integrates the narrative of this initial “run,” of and a second batch of calculations carried out in late-1948 with analysis of the structure of the program itself. It finishes with an exploration of further Monte Carlo work run on ENIAC, including reactor simulations, simulation of uranium-hydride bombs, and in 1950 simulation of the “Super” concept for a hydrogen weapon.

scholarly journals Order-Stability in Complex Biological, Social, and AI-Systems from Quantum Information Theory

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Andrei Khrennikov ◽  
Noboru Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Information ◽  
Quantum Information Theory ◽  
Von Neumann Entropy ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Compound System ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Local Disorder ◽  
Low Entropy ◽  
The Brain

This paper is our attempt, on the basis of physical theory, to bring more clarification on the question “What is life?” formulated in the well-known book of Schrödinger in 1944. According to Schrödinger, the main distinguishing feature of a biosystem’s functioning is the ability to preserve its order structure or, in mathematical terms, to prevent increasing of entropy. However, Schrödinger’s analysis shows that the classical theory is not able to adequately describe the order-stability in a biosystem. Schrödinger also appealed to the ambiguous notion of negative entropy. We apply quantum theory. As is well-known, behaviour of the quantum von Neumann entropy crucially differs from behaviour of classical entropy. We consider a complex biosystem S composed of many subsystems, say proteins, cells, or neural networks in the brain, that is, S=(Si). We study the following problem: whether the compound system S can maintain “global order” in the situation of an increase of local disorder and if S can preserve the low entropy while other Si increase their entropies (may be essentially). We show that the entropy of a system as a whole can be constant, while the entropies of its parts rising. For classical systems, this is impossible, because the entropy of S cannot be less than the entropy of its subsystem Si. And if a subsystems’s entropy increases, then a system’s entropy should also increase, by at least the same amount. However, within the quantum information theory, the answer is positive. The significant role is played by the entanglement of a subsystems’ states. In the absence of entanglement, the increasing of local disorder implies an increasing disorder in the compound system S (as in the classical regime). In this note, we proceed within a quantum-like approach to mathematical modeling of information processing by biosystems—respecting the quantum laws need not be based on genuine quantum physical processes in biosystems. Recently, such modeling found numerous applications in molecular biology, genetics, evolution theory, cognition, psychology and decision making. The quantum-like model of order stability can be applied not only in biology, but also in social science and artificial intelligence.

A nonlinear Monte Carlo simulation: oxygen transport in the brain

SIMULATION ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Hunt ◽  
Duane F. Bruley
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Consciousnes and the Problem of Quantum Measurement.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Broka
Keyword(s):  
Fock Space ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The State ◽  
Quantum Zeno Effect ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Zeno Effect ◽  
States Of Consciousness ◽  
The World ◽  
Points Of View

A variant of the von Neumann-Wigner Interpretation is proposed. It does not make use of the familiar language of wave functionsand observers. Instead it pictures the state of the physical world as a vector in a Fock space and, therefore not, literally, a functionof any spacetime coordinates. And, rather than segregating consciousness into individual points of view (each carrying with it asense of its proper time), this model proposes only unitary states of consciousness, Q(t), where t represents a fiducial time withrespect to which both the state of the physical world and the state of consciousness evolve. States in our world's Fock space areclassified as either 'admissible' (meaning they correspond to definite states of consciousness) or 'inadmissible' (meaning they donot). The evolution of the state vector of the world is such as to always keep it restricted to 'admissible' states. Consciousness istreated very much like what Chalmers calls an "M-Property." But we try to show that problems with the quantum Zeno effect do not arise from this model.

scholarly journals Order-Stability in Complex Biosystems from the Viewpoint of the Theory of Open Quantum Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Khrennikov ◽  
Noboru Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Open Quantum Systems ◽  
Von Neumann Entropy ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Compound System ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Local Disorder ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Complex Biosystems ◽  
Main Distinguishing Feature

This paper is our attempt on the basis of physical theory to bring more clarification on the question ``What is life?'' formulated in the well-known book of Schr\"odinger in 1944. According to Schr\"odinger, the main distinguishing feature of biosystem's functioning is the ability to preserve its order structure or, in the mathematical terms, to prevent increasing of entropy. Since any biosystem is fundamentally open, it is natural to use open system's theory. However, Schr\"odinger's analysis shows that the classical theory is not able to adequately describe the order-stability in a biosystem. Schr\"odinger should also appeal to the ambiguous notion of negative entropy. We suggest to apply the quantum theory. As is well-known, behaviour of the quantum von Neumann entropy crucially differs from behaviour of the classical entropy. We consider a complex biosystem $S$ composed of many subsystems, say proteins, or cells, or neural networks in the brain, i.e., $S=(S_i).$ We study the following problem: if the composed system $S$ can preserve the ``global order'' in the situation of increase of local disorder and if $S$ can preserve its entropy while some of $S_i$ increase their entropies We show that within quantum information theory the answer is positive. The significant role plays entanglement of the subsystems states. In the absence of entanglement, increasing of local disorder generates disorder increasing in the compound system $S$ (as in the classical regime).

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