scholarly journals IMPULSIVE CONTROL OF AN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT MODEL WITH DISPERSAL BETWEEN PATCHES

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 535-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL GEORGESCU ◽  
GABRIEL DIMITRIU ◽  
ROBERT SINCLAIR
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Floquet Theory ◽  
Impulsive Control ◽  
Abstract Form ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Force Of Infection ◽  
Nonlinear Force ◽  
Si Model

We consider a two-patch SI model of integrated pest management with dispersal of both susceptible and infective pests between patches. A biological control, consisting of the periodic release of infective pests and a chemical control, consisting of periodic and impulsive pesticide spraying, are employed in order to maintain the size of the pest population below an economically acceptable level. It is assumed that the spread of the disease which is inflicted on the pest population through the use of the biological control is characterized by a nonlinear force of infection expressed in an abstract form. A sufficient condition for the local stability of the susceptible pest-eradication periodic solution is found using Floquet theory for periodic systems of ordinary differential equations, an analysis of the influence of dispersal between patches being performed for several particular cases. Our numerical simulations indicate that an increase in the amount but not in the frequency of pesticide use may not result in control. We also show that patches which are stable in isolation can be destabilized by dispersal between patches.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii for integrated pest management for greenhouse cucumbers under Mediterranean environmental conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
André Abou-Haidar ◽  
Patil Tawidian ◽  
Hana Sobh ◽  
Margaret Skinner ◽  
Bruce Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber ◽  
Population Suppression

Abstract The greenhouse cucumber pests, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), are major threats to the production of greenhouse cucumbers (Cucurbitaceae) in Lebanon. The development of insecticide resistance by these pests has prompted the use of alternative and sustainable pest management strategies. In this study, we used integrated pest management strategies, including the release of the biological control agents, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) and Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae), to control whitefly, thrips, and two-spotted spider mite populations on greenhouse cucumber plants in two commercial production sites (sites A and B). We also compared the efficacy of pest population suppression using the integrated pest management strategy with that of chemical pest control. Our results show that biological control effectively maintains the cucumber pest populations below the economic threshold when coupled with additional integrated pest management measures. In addition, we show that biological control agents were equally or more effective in pest population suppression compared to eight and 12 insecticidal and acaricidal sprays performed in the control greenhouses at sites A and B, respectively. Altogether, our results show the efficacy of adopting integrated pest management and biological control for pest population suppression in greenhouse cucumber production under Mediterranean environmental conditions.

A NEW MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR OPTIMAL CONTROL STRATEGIES OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 219-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINZHU MENG ◽  
ZHITAO SONG ◽  
LANSUN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Solution ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Impulsive Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
The Given

A state-dependent impulsive SI epidemic model for integrated pest management (IPM) is proposed and investigated. We shall examine an optimal impulsive control problem in the management of an epidemic to control a pest population. We introduce a small amount of pathogen into a pest population with the expectation that it will generate an epidemic and that it will subsequently be endemic such that the number of pests is no larger than the given economic threshold (ET), so that the pests cannot cause economic damage. This is the biological control strategy given in the present paper. The combination strategy of pulse capturing (susceptible individuals) and pulse releasing (infective individuals) is implemented in the model if the number of pests (susceptible) reaches the ET. Firstly, the impulsive control problem is to drive the pest population below a given pest level and to do so in a manner which minimizes a weighted sum of the cost of using the control. Hence, for a one time impulsive effect we obtain the optimal strategy in terms of total cost such that the number of pests is no larger than the given ET. Secondly, we show the existence of periodic solution with the number of pests no larger than ET, and by using the Analogue of the Poincaré Criterion we prove that it is asymptotically stable under a planned impulsive control strategy. Further, the period T of the periodic solution is calculated, which can be used to estimate how long the pest population will take to return back to its pre-control level. The main feature of the present paper is to apply an SI infectious disease model to IPM, and some pests control strategies are given.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Complex dynamics and coexistence of period-doubling and period-halving bifurcations in an integrated pest management model with nonlinear impulsive control

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changtong Li ◽  
Sanyi Tang ◽  
Robert A. Cheke
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Solution ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Impulsive Control ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Dynamical Behaviour ◽  
Period Doubling Bifurcation ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model

Abstract An expectation for optimal integrated pest management is that the instantaneous numbers of natural enemies released should depend on the densities of both pest and natural enemy in the field. For this, a generalised predator–prey model with nonlinear impulsive control tactics is proposed and its dynamics is investigated. The threshold conditions for the global stability of the pest-free periodic solution are obtained based on the Floquet theorem and analytic methods. Also, the sufficient conditions for permanence are given. Additionally, the problem of finding a nontrivial periodic solution is confirmed by showing the existence of a nontrivial fixed point of the model’s stroboscopic map determined by a time snapshot equal to the common impulsive period. In order to address the effects of nonlinear pulse control on the dynamics and success of pest control, a predator–prey model incorporating the Holling type II functional response function as an example is investigated. Finally, numerical simulations show that the proposed model has very complex dynamical behaviour, including period-doubling bifurcation, chaotic solutions, chaos crisis, period-halving bifurcations and periodic windows. Moreover, there exists an interesting phenomenon whereby period-doubling bifurcation and period-halving bifurcation always coexist when nonlinear impulsive controls are adopted, which makes the dynamical behaviour of the model more complicated, resulting in difficulties when designing successful pest control strategies.

scholarly journals Intercropping Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) with Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum) Reduces Major Pest Population Densities without Impacting Natural Enemy Populations

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Li ◽  
Xin-xin Lu ◽  
Zhi-jun Zhang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Jin-ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Population Suppression

Intercropping of aromatic plants provides an environmentally benign route to reducing pest damage in agroecosystems. However, the effect of intercropping on natural enemies, another element which may be vital to the success of an integrated pest management approach, varies in different intercropping systems. Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), has been reported to be repellent to many insect species. In this study, the impact of sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping on pest population suppression was evaluated under greenhouse conditions and the effect of rosemary intercropping on natural enemy population dynamics was investigated. The results showed that intercropping rosemary with sweet pepper significantly reduced the population densities of three major pest species on sweet pepper, Frankliniella intonsa, Myzus persicae, and Bemisia tabaci, but did not affect the population densities of their natural enemies, the predatory bug, Orius sauteri, or parasitoid, Encarsia formosa. Significant pest population suppression with no adverse effect on released natural enemy populations in the sweet pepper/rosemary intercropping system suggests this could be an approach for integrated pest management of greenhouse-cultivated sweet pepper. Our results highlight the potential of the integration of alternative pest control strategies to optimize sustainable pest control.

scholarly journals Demonstrating an integrated pest management strategy in forage- and seed-brassica crops using a collaborative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abie Horrocks ◽  
Paul A. Horne ◽  
Melanie M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Management Approaches

An integrated pest management (IPM) strategy was compared with farmers’ conventional pest management practices on twelve spring- and autumn-sown seed and forage brassica crops. Demonstration trials were conducted in Canterbury from spring 2015 to autumn 2017 by splitting farmers’ paddocks in half and applying the two management approaches side by side. A farmer participatory approach was used, with management decisions based on monitoring pests and biological-control agents. Farmer and adviser training with a focus on monitoring and identification was carried out. Biological-control agents capable of contributing to pest control were identified in all brassica crops. There was a 35% reduction in the number of insecticides applied under IPM compared with conventional management, negligible crop yield differences, and the type of insecticides applied was different. IPM adoption at these farms was high by the end of the 3-year project with 11 of the 12 farmers implementing IPM across 90—100% of their brassica crops. This project was a starting point for an industry-wide change of practice to IPM, which has become more widespread since its completion.

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