Revisiting expectation confirmation model to measure the effectiveness of multichannel bank services for elderly consumers

PurposeThis study aims to understand the expectations of elderly bank customers with mobile banking services and to measure its impact on their long-term satisfaction and continued intention. The study is based on two theories, expectations-confirmation theory (ECT) and hedonic adaptation theory.Design/methodology/approachA self-administered longitudinal survey was completed with a sample of 208 elder customers who do not use mobile banking services. Latent growth curve modelling approach was used to determine the change in their post-adoption experience over four time points.FindingsResults of the study confirm that the use of mobile banking services prolongs the duration of customer satisfaction and continued intention level, post-adoption, reinforcing the hedonic adaptation theory.Research limitations/implicationsMobile banking services are going to be a significant component of the multichannel banking agenda. But it might be interesting to review other digital channels of banking services. The key contribution of this study is that it measures the expectation-confirmation link of elderly customers with mobile banking services. The study sheds light on factors that positively influence customer inclination and adoption of multichannel banking services in the long run, which is important for the commercial success of such channels.Practical implicationsThe study highlights the importance of elder customers' pre-expectations, related dimensions which are important for post-adoption experiences of mobile banking services to improve customers' satisfaction and continued intention in the long run. This is crucial for the commercial success of banks.Originality/valueThis is the first such study that used the expectation confirmation model (ECT) and related it with hedonic adaptation theory to assess elderly customer's post-adoption satisfaction and continued usage of mobile banking services over time.

Apostasy and Debauchery (1601–1660): Behaviour, Passive Evangelism and the East India and Levant Company Chaplains

This Chapter investigates an extraordinary group of company agents who have often been overlooked, but were ubiquitous in overseas corporate life; the chaplain. It provides a detailed assessment of the daily lives and responsibilities of chaplains. Moreover, it traces how they became important figures of control who policed over the spiritual and earthly lives of personnel in religiously and governmentally diverse environments of India, the Levant and Japan. This chapter examines how corporate chaplains, such as Edward Terry, Edward Pococke and Patrick Copeland, became instrumental figures in establishing corporate authority, and thereby commercial success, in this period. Furthermore, it reveals, through their published works, such as Terry’s, A Voyage to East-India, Lord’s, A display of two forraigne sects and the letters and works of Pococke, the essential role chaplains played in the corporate exchange of ideas and religious knowledge overseas. Finally, this chapter highlights how, throughout much of its existence, the LC and, for a small period, the EIC’s government, helped to inform the flexible process of how companies established corporate governance abroad and how they interacted with peoples, faiths and cultures.

Made in Italy in the Japanese F&B Market and the Marketing of Freedom

Italy in Japan resounds with fashion, lifestyle and most of all food. From HoReCa to home cooking to gifts, Italian F&B products have taken Japanese consumers by storm in the past few decades, imposing Made in Italy as the most loved national brand. But the Japanese market is extremely mature, fast and notoriously one of the most sophisticated globally. Competition is fierce and relying on the quality of the product itself is not enough to secure commercial success in a country where form often prevails over content. That is when (good) food marketing becomes the crucial element in dictating the lifespan of a brand. To what degree are Italian producers aware of this? And what is the best approach to minimize failure?

Copper technology in the Arabah during the Iron Age and the role of the indigenous population in the industry

Following the Egyptian withdrawal in the mid-12th century BCE from their involvement in the Arabah copper production, and after an additional period of organization, the degree of copper efficiency and production at Timna and Faynan increased in the Early Iron Age (11th–9th centuries), rendering the region the largest and most advanced smelting centre in the Levant. The existing paradigm offered as an explanation for this technical and commercial success is based on extraneous influence, namely, the campaign of Pharaoh Sheshonq I near the end of the 10th century BCE that spurred a renewed Egyptian involvement in the Arabah copper industry. An alternative paradigm is suggested here, viewing the advances in Arabah copper technology and production as a linear development and the outcome of continuous and gradual indigenous improvements on the part of local craftsmen, with no external intervention. Behind these outstanding technical achievements stood excellent managerial personnel, supported by an innovative technical team. They employed two techniques for copper-production optimization that can be defined based on concepts taken from the world of modern industrial engineering: (i) "trial and error", in which the effect of each production variable was tested individually and separately, and (ii) "scaling-up", in which the size of some production elements (i.e., tuyère) was increased by using existing techniques which required minimum developmental costs and experimental risks.

Aesthetic Height of the Art and the Art Market: Essential and Imaginary Nature of Art Quality

A problem of perfection at art is analyzed in the article according to paradigm of the art market as a system of cultural, economic and social interactions of the art world. The author finds out the vitality of the artwork not only as its essential value but also defines the idea of its imaginary vitality. The latter is created by the art market participants, and it causes the commercial value of the artwork. The article makes an assumption about the division of art, at least of the Modern and Contemporary history, into two spheres — the art of “aesthetic experience” and the art of “commercial success”. While the art of “aesthetic experience” is aimed at finding and creating a new artistic language (the embodiment of new creative ideas, complex ethical and aesthetic problems), the art of “commercial success” follows artistic stereotypes, uses creative innovations in an adapted form, which is included in the cultural and aesthetic system familiar to the audience of art. This antithesis is analyzed in the article by the example of comparing a number of works by two artists of the same time. One is Mikhail Larionov, a prominent artist of the Russian Avant-Garde, and the other is Vladislav Izmailovitch, a typical representative of Salon and Late Academic art. Considering the specific historical aspects of vitality in art, the author analyzes several examples. Firstly, the late oeuvre of the Russian artist Ilya Repin as a metaphor for the “joy of the risen”. Secondly, the Easter rarities of the House of Faberge, which have changed their status over the past century from a home memorabilia to a cultural myth and became an object of the art market nowadays. Thirdly, the exposition of the Russian pavilion at the Venice Biennale of Contemporary Art in 2019, where authors and curators exploited the vitality of Dutch and Flemish art of the 17th century as the personification of contemporary creative pursuits.

A seesaw-type MEMS switch with enhanced contact force: the first results

Outstanding working characteristics make microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches attractive for many applications. However, the lack of reliability prevents their commercial success. Due to the small size, MEMS switches develop low contact force compared to their macroscopic counterparts, which leads to instability and fast increase of the contact resistance. This work describes the switch providing significantly larger force than the previously reported device. The enlargement is achieved by the modified shape of the beam and electrodes with the same footprint and lower actuation voltage. Design, simulation, fabrication and first experimental results for the switch are presented.

TRANSCREATION AS A NEW APPROACH TO TRANSLATION OF ADVERTISING TEXTS AND SLOGANS

The commercial success of any business enterprise in the age of globalization and internationalization depends on the choice of marketing strategy. To remain competitive, all industries must follow new trends and face new challenges. In the context of the current market requirements, a new strategy for translating advertisements and slogans called transcreation has been attracting more attention and is an emergent trend for the Ukrainian market. In this study, we examine the phenomenon of transcreation and present an analysis of texts resulting from the application of the translation strategy. The problem of advertisement translation has been attracting attention of the modern linguists as the main task of a translator is 1) to choose the appropriate translation strategy so as 2) to clearly convey to the recipient the intended information of the original text considering all implicit as well as explicit shades of original message. One of the challenges in translating advertisements is the preservation of the communicative functions embedded in the original text or slogan. In our work, we covered the concept of "transcreation", analysed the translation of advertising slogans of world-famous German companies, as well as conducted a psycho-linguistic experiment using an online Google Forms questionnaire. Fifty-two informants evaluated nuances of the meanings on which advertising slogans and their translations were focused by transcreation. The results of our study can be used in training programs for future translators. Key words: translation, translation strategy, translation of advertising texts, advertising slogans, transcreation, adaptation, psycho-linguistic experiment.

Analysis on Code-Switching in Pinoy Songs

Code-switching in songs is one of the recent techniques used by songwriters in bilingual and multilingual countries which has been proven to achieve commercial success within the market of popular music. The study which examined the types, functions, and pedagogical implications of code-switching in songs, utilized mixed methods in research and homogeneous purposive sampling in generating 15 select Filipino popular songs for content analysis. This study revealed the types of code-switching in songs which are classified into three groups which are the word structure, sentence structure, and song structure. The type of code-switching according to word structure is intra-word switching. According to sentence structure, the types of code-switching are inter-sentential switching, intra-sentential switching, and tag-switching. Moreover, according to song structure, the types of code-switching are intra-sectional switching and inter-sectional switching. Evidently, the seven functions of code-switching identified by Bloom and Gumperz are revealed in the study. It is, therefore, recommended that using code-switching in crafting songs may be taught to students. Furthermore, future research may be done for a more in-depth investigation of code-switching in songs. Language research teachers and linguistic scholars may use this study as a reference in studying the code-witching phenomenon in the languages and songs in their respective countries. A monograph on code-switching in songs may also be constructed.