A multi-scale cholera model linking between-host and within-host dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850034
Author(s):  
Chayu Yang ◽  
Drew Posny ◽  
Feng Bao ◽  
Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Disease Dynamics ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Multi Scale Modeling ◽  
The Individual

We propose a multi-scale modeling framework to investigate the transmission dynamics of cholera. At the population level, we employ a SIR model for the between-host transmission of the disease. At the individual host level, we describe the evolution of the pathogen within the human body. The between-host and within-host dynamics are connected through an environmental equation that characterizes the growth of the pathogen and its interaction with the hosts outside the human body. We put a special emphasis on the within-host dynamics by making a distinction for each individual host. We conduct both mathematical analysis and numerical simulation for our model in order to explore various scenarios associated with cholera transmission and to better understand the complex, multi-scale disease dynamics.

A novel synergistic multi-scale modeling framework to predict micro- and meso-scale damage behaviors of 2D triaxially braided composite

2021 ◽  
pp. 105678952110339
Author(s):  
Hongyong Jiang ◽  
Yiru Ren ◽  
Qiduo Jin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Load ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Braided Composite ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Bridge Model ◽  
Multi Scale Modeling ◽  
Transverse Damage ◽  
Meso Scale

A novel synergistic multi-scale modeling framework with a coupling of micro- and meso-scale is proposed to predict damage behaviors of 2D-triaxially braided composite (2DTBC). Based on the Bridge model, the internal stress and micro damage of constituent materials are respectively coupled with the stress and damage of tow. The initial effective elastic properties of tow (IEEP) used as the predefined data are estimated by micro-mechanics models. Due to in-situ effects, stress concentration factor (SCF) is considered in the micro matrix, exhibiting progressive damage accumulation. Comparisons of IEEP and strengths between the Bridge and Chamis’ theory are conducted to validate the values of IEEP and SCF. Based on the representative volume element (RVE), the macro properties and damage modes of 2DTBC are predicted to be consistent with available experiments and meso-scale simulation. Both axial and transverse damage mechanisms of 2DTBC under tensile or compressive load are revealed. Micro fiber and matrix damage accumulations have significant effects on the meso-scale axial and transverse damage of tows due to multi-scale coupling effects. Different from existing meso-/multi-scale models, the proposed multi-scale model can capture a crucial phenomenon that the transverse damage of tow is vulnerable to micro fiber fracture. The proposed multi-scale framework provides a robust tool for future systematic studies on constituent materials level to larger-scale aeronautical materials.

scholarly journals A Generic Multi-scale Modeling Framework for Reactive Observing Systems: An Overview

2006 ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leana Golubchik ◽  
David Caron ◽  
Abhimanyu Das ◽  
Amit Dhariwal ◽  
Ramesh Govindan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Multi Scale Modeling ◽  
Observing Systems

scholarly journals Evaluating Precipitation Features and Rainfall Characteristics in a Multi‐Scale Modeling Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiun‐Dar Chern ◽  
Wei‐Kuo Tao ◽  
Stephen E. Lang ◽  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Toshihisa Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Multi Scale Modeling

SAM++: Porting the E3SM-MMF cloud resolving model using a C++ portability library

2021 ◽  
pp. 109434202110444
Author(s):  
Isaac Lyngaas ◽  
Matt Norman ◽  
Youngsung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Modeling ◽  
System Model ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Scale Modeling ◽  
Fortran Code ◽  
Code Base ◽  
Cloud Resolving Model ◽  
Multi Scale Modeling

In this work, we demonstrate the process for porting the cloud resolving model (CRM) used in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model Multi-Scale Modeling Framework (E3SM-MMF) from its original Fortran code base to C++ code using a portability library. This porting process is performed using the Yet Another Kernel Library (YAKL), a simplified C++ portability library that specializes in Fortran porting. In particular, we detail our step-by-step approach for porting the System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM), the CRM used in E3SM-MMF, using a hybrid Fortran/C++ framework that allows for systematic reproduction and correctness testing of gradually ported YAKL C++ code. Additionally, analysis is done on the performance of the ported code using OLCF’s Summit supercomputer.

scholarly journals A multi-scale epidemic model of Salmonella infection with heterogeneous shedding

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 261-284
Author(s):  
Simon Labarthe ◽  
Béatrice Laroche ◽  
Thi Nhu Tao Nguyen ◽  
Bastien Polizzi ◽  
Florian Patout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Multiscale Modeling Framework ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Random Fluctuations ◽  
The Impact

Salmonella strains colonize the digestive tract of farm livestock, such as chickens or pigs, without affecting them, and potentially infect food products, representing a threat for human health ranging from food poisoning to typhoid fever. It has been shown that the ability to excrete the pathogen in the environment and contaminate other animals is variable. This heterogeneity in pathogen carriage and shedding results from interactions between the host’s immune response, the pathogen and the commensal intestinal microbiota. In this paper we propose a novel generic multiscale modeling framework of heterogeneous pathogen transmission in an animal population. At the intra-host level, the model describes the interaction between the commensal microbiota, the pathogen and the inflammatory response. Random fluctuations in the ecological dynamics of the individual microbiota and transmission at between-host scale are added to obtain a drift-diffusion PDE model of the pathogen distribution at the population level. The model is further extended to represent transmission between several populations. The asymptotic behavior as well as the impact of control strategies including cleaning and antimicrobial administration are investigated through numerical simulation.

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