Low cost system for detecting leakages along artificial dikes with wireless sensor networks

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Schulz ◽  
Frank Reichenbach ◽  
Jan Blumenthal ◽  
Dirk Timmermann
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cost System

scholarly journals An underground, wireless, open-source, low-cost system for monitoring oxygen, temperature, and soil moisture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Levintal ◽  
Yonatan Ganot ◽  
Gail Taylor ◽  
Peter Freer-Smith ◽  
Kosana Suvocarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. The use of wireless sensor networks in the measurement of soil parameters represents one of the least invasive methods available to date. Wireless sensors pose the least disturbance to soil structure and having fewer aboveground cables reduce the risk of undesired equipment damage and potential data loss. However, implementing wireless sensor networks in field studies usually requires advanced and costly engineering knowledge. This study presents a new underground, wireless, open-source, low-cost system for monitoring soil oxygen, temperature, and soil moisture. The process of system design, assembly, programming, deployment, and power management is presented. The system can be left underground for several years without the need for changing the battery. Emphasis was given on modularity so that it can be easily duplicated or changed if needed, and deployed without previous engineering knowledge. Data from this type of system have a wide range of applications, including precision agriculture and high-resolution modelling.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Jamming Detection Approach Using Performance Metrics in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1179
Author(s):  
Carolina Del-Valle-Soto ◽  
Carlos Mex-Perera ◽  
Juan Arturo Nolazco-Flores ◽  
Alma Rodríguez ◽  
Julio C. Rosas-Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Jamming Detection ◽  
Minimal Energy Expenditure

Wireless Sensor Networks constitute an important part of the Internet of Things, and in a similar way to other wireless technologies, seek competitiveness concerning savings in energy consumption and information availability. These devices (sensors) are typically battery operated and distributed throughout a scenario of particular interest. However, they are prone to interference attacks which we know as jamming. The detection of anomalous behavior in the network is a subject of study where the routing protocol and the nodes increase power consumption, which is detrimental to the network’s performance. In this work, a simple jamming detection algorithm is proposed based on an exhaustive study of performance metrics related to the routing protocol and a significant impact on node energy. With this approach, the proposed algorithm detects areas of affected nodes with minimal energy expenditure. Detection is evaluated for four known cluster-based protocols: PEGASIS, TEEN, LEACH, and HPAR. The experiments analyze the protocols’ performance through the metrics chosen for a jamming detection algorithm. Finally, we conducted real experimentation with the best performing wireless protocols currently used, such as Zigbee and LoRa.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Various Authentication Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Raja Rajeswari ◽  
V. Seenivasagam
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Authentication Protocols ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Lightweight Authentication

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of lightweight devices with low cost, low power, and short-ranged wireless communication. The sensors can communicate with each other to form a network. In WSNs, broadcast transmission is widely used along with the maximum usage of wireless networks and their applications. Hence, it has become crucial to authenticate broadcast messages. Key management is also an active research topic in WSNs. Several key management schemes have been introduced, and their benefits are not recognized in a specific WSN application. Security services are vital for ensuring the integrity, authenticity, and confidentiality of the critical information. Therefore, the authentication mechanisms are required to support these security services and to be resilient to distinct attacks. Various authentication protocols such as key management protocols, lightweight authentication protocols, and broadcast authentication protocols are compared and analyzed for all secure transmission applications. The major goal of this survey is to compare and find out the appropriate protocol for further research. Moreover, the comparisons between various authentication techniques are also illustrated.

Basic Concepts of Wireless Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Lina M. Pestana Leão de Brito ◽  
Laura M. Rodríguez Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Distributed Sensor Networks ◽  
Distributed Sensor ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Communication Equipment

As with many technologies, defense applications have been a driver for research in sensor networks, which started around 1980 due to two important programs of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA): the distributed sensor networks (DSN) and the sensor information technology (SensIT) (Chong & Kumar, 2003). However, the development of sensor networks requires advances in several areas: sensing, communication, and computing. The explosive growth of the personal communications market has driven the cost of radio devices down and has increased the quality. At the same time, technological advances in wireless communications and electronic devices (such as low-cost, low-power, small, simple yet efficient wireless communication equipment) have enabled the manufacturing of sensor nodes and, consequently, the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs).

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