Purify and Generate: Learning Faithful Item-to-Item Graph from Noisy User-Item Interaction Behaviors

Consistent, prolonged, and nurturing interactions of a primary caregiver with an infant is necessary for optimal development of the infant. Lowering parental stress can promote positive caregiver-infant social interaction behaviors. Studies show that when caregivers use rhythm-based music and movement strategies during interactions with their infants, non-verbal communication, mutual attunement, and self-reported stress levels improve. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine caregiver benefits (stress hormones and positive interaction behaviors) when learning rhythm-based music with movement strategies while interacting with their infant. This was achieved through randomization of caregiver/infant dyads to a treatment (instructional intervention) or control condition with no instruction. Significantly lower salivary cortisol levels and lower salivary cortisol/DHEA ratio values pre-post were observed for the treatment condition as compared to control. These findings suggest that learning and using rhythm-based music and movement interventions are promising for lowering stress in caregivers. The impact of the intervention with families at risk due to stress-related environmental factors should be further investigated. In addition, observing social emotional behaviors and stress hormone levels of the infant is suggested.

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Medical Schools' Industry Interaction Policies Not Associated With Trainees' Self-Reported Behavior as Residents: Results of a National Survey

Journal of Graduate Medical Education ◽

10.4300/jgme-d-15-00029.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 595-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

James S. Yeh ◽

Kirsten E. Austad ◽

Jessica M. Franklin ◽

Susan Chimonas ◽

Eric G. Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical School ◽

American Medical ◽

Medical Schools ◽

Brand Name ◽

School Policies ◽

Student Interactions ◽

Drug Products ◽

Interaction Behaviors ◽

American Medical Student Association ◽

Pharmaceutical Representatives

ABSTRACT Background Medical students attending schools with policies limiting industry/student interactions report fewer relationships with pharmaceutical representatives. Objective To investigate whether associations between students' medical school policies and their more limited industry interaction behaviors persist into residency. Methods We randomly sampled 1800 third-year residents who graduated from 120 allopathic US-based medical schools, using the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile. We surveyed them in 2011 to determine self-reported behavior and preferences for brand-name prescriptions, and we calculated the strength of their medical schools' industry interaction policies using the 2008 American Medical Student Association and Institute on Medicine as a Profession databases. We used logistic regression to estimate the association between strength of school policies and residents' behaviors with adjustments for class size, postresidency career plan, and concern about medical school debt. Results We achieved a 44% survey response rate (n = 739). Residents who graduated from schools with restrictive policies were no more or less likely to accept industry gifts or industry-sponsored meals, speak with marketing representative about drug products, attend industry-sponsored lectures, or prefer brand-name medications than residents who graduated from schools with less restrictive policies. Residents who correctly answered evidence-based prescription questions were about 30% less likely to have attended industry-sponsored lectures (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.98). Conclusions Any effect that medical school industry interaction policies had on insulating students from pharmaceutical marketing did not persist in the behavior of residents in our sample. This suggests that residency training environments are important in influencing behavior.

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Air Bubble Entrainment, Breakup, and Interplay in Vertical Plunging Jets

Journal of Fluids Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4039715 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Numa Bertola ◽

Hang Wang ◽

Hubert Chanson

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Point Explosion ◽

Air Bubble ◽

Bubble Breakup ◽

Jet Impact ◽

Bubble Entrainment ◽

Bubble Interaction ◽

Onset Velocity ◽

Air Cavities ◽

Interaction Behaviors

The entrainment, breakup, and interplay of air bubbles were observed in a vertical, two-dimensional supported jet at low impact velocities. Ultra-high-speed movies were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The onset velocity of bubble entrainment was between 0.9 and 1.1 m/s. Most bubbles were entrained as detached bubbles from elongated air cavities at the impingement point. Explosion, stretching, and dejection mechanisms were observed for individual bubble breakup, and the bubble interaction behaviors encompassed bubble rebound, “kiss-and-go,” coalescence and breakup induced by approaching bubble(s). The effects of jet impact velocity on the bubble behaviors were investigated for impact velocities from 1.0 to 1.36 m/s, in the presence of a shear flow environment.

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