scholarly journals Learning Joint Embedding with Modality Alignments for Cross-Modal Retrieval of Recipes and Food Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Xie ◽  
Ling Liu ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Luo Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Food Images

Finitely generic models of TUH, for certain model companionable theories T

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-610
Author(s):  
Francoise Point
Keyword(s):  
Discriminator Variety ◽  
Generic Models ◽  
Elementary Class ◽  
Ordered Groups ◽  
Existentially Closed ◽  
Closed Element ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
Joint Embedding Property ◽  
Generic Elements

The starting point of this work was Saracino and Wood's description of the finitely generic abelian ordered groups [S-W].We generalize the result of Saracino and Wood to a class ∑UH of subdirect products of substructures of elements of a class ∑, which has some relationships with the discriminator variety V(∑t) generated by ∑. More precisely, let ∑ be an elementary class of L-algebras with theory T. Burris and Werner have shown that if ∑ has a model companion then the existentially closed models in the discriminator variety V(∑t) form an elementary class which they have axiomatized. In general it is not the case that the existentially closed elements of ∑UH form an elementary class. For instance, take for ∑ the class ∑0 of linearly ordered abelian groups (see [G-P]).We determine the finitely generic elements of ∑UH via the three following conditions on T:(1) There is an open L-formula which says in any element of ∑UH that the complement of equalizers do not overlap.(2) There is an existentially closed element of ∑UH which is an L-reduct of an element of V(∑t) and whose L-extensions respect the relationships between the complements of the equalizers.(3) For any models A, B of T, there exists a model C of TUH such that A and B embed in C.(Condition (3) is weaker then “T has the joint embedding property”. It is satisfied for example if every model of T has a one-element substructure. Condition (3) implies that ∑UH has the joint embedding property and therefore that the class of finitely generic elements of ∑UH is complete.)

Joint Embedding Learning and Sparse Regression: A Framework for Unsupervised Feature Selection

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenping Hou ◽  
Feiping Nie ◽  
Xuelong Li ◽  
Dongyun Yi ◽  
Yi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Sparse Regression ◽  
Unsupervised Feature Selection ◽  
Joint Embedding

I Know What You Need: Investigating Document Retrieval Effectiveness with Partial Session Contexts

2022 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Procheta Sen ◽  
Debasis Ganguly ◽  
Gareth J. F. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Document Retrieval ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Search System ◽  
Query Log ◽  
Sequence Modeling ◽  
Joint Embedding ◽  
One Step ◽  
A Current

Reducing user effort in finding relevant information is one of the key objectives of search systems. Existing approaches have been shown to effectively exploit the context from the current search session of users for automatically suggesting queries to reduce their search efforts. However, these approaches do not accomplish the end goal of a search system—that of retrieving a set of potentially relevant documents for the evolving information need during a search session. This article takes the problem of query prediction one step further by investigating the problem of contextual recommendation within a search session. More specifically, given the partial context information of a session in the form of a small number of queries, we investigate how a search system can effectively predict the documents that a user would have been presented with had he continued the search session by submitting subsequent queries. To address the problem, we propose a model of contextual recommendation that seeks to capture the underlying semantics of information need transitions of a current user’s search context. This model leverages information from a number of past interactions of other users with similar interactions from an existing search log. To identify similar interactions, as a novel contribution, we propose an embedding approach that jointly learns representations of both individual query terms and also those of queries (in their entirety) from a search log data by leveraging session-level containment relationships. Our experiments conducted on a large query log, namely the AOL, demonstrate that using a joint embedding of queries and their terms within our proposed framework of document retrieval outperforms a number of text-only and sequence modeling based baselines.

scholarly journals Humans with obesity have disordered brain responses to food images during physiological hyperglycemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (5) ◽  
pp. E522-E529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Belfort-DeAguiar ◽  
Dongju Seo ◽  
Cheryl Lacadie ◽  
Sarita Naik ◽  
Christian Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Food Images

Blood glucose levels influence brain regulation of food intake. This study assessed the effect of mild physiological hyperglycemia on brain response to food cues in individuals with obesity (OB) versus normal weight individuals (NW). Brain responses in 10 OB and 10 NW nondiabetic healthy adults [body mass index: 34 (3) vs. 23 (2) kg/m2, means (SD), P < 0.0001] were measured with functional MRI (blood oxygen level-dependent contrast) in combination with a two-step normoglycemic-hyperglycemic clamp. Participants were shown food and nonfood images during normoglycemia (~95 mg/dl) and hyperglycemia (~130 mg/dl). Plasma glucose levels were comparable in both groups during the two-step clamp ( P = not significant). Insulin and leptin levels were higher in the OB group compared with NW, whereas ghrelin levels were lower (all P < 0.05). During hyperglycemia, insula activity showed a group-by-glucose level effect. When compared with normoglycemia, hyperglycemia resulted in decreased activity in the hypothalamus and putamen in response to food images ( P < 0.001) in the NW group, whereas the OB group exhibited increased activity in insula, putamen, and anterior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (aPFC/dlPFC; P < 0.001). These data suggest that OB, compared with NW, appears to have disruption of brain responses to food cues during hyperglycemia, with reduced insula response in NW but increased insula response in OB, an area involved in food perception and interoception. In a post hoc analysis, brain activity in obesity appears to be associated with dysregulated motivation (striatum) and inappropriate self-control (aPFC/dlPFC) to food cues during hyperglycemia. Hyperstimulation for food and insensitivity to internal homeostatic signals may favor food consumption to possibly play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity.

Learning to Rank Food Images

2019 ◽  
pp. 629-639
Author(s):  
Dario Allegra ◽  
Daniela Erba ◽  
Giovanni Maria Farinella ◽  
Giovanni Grazioso ◽  
Paolo Danilo Maci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning To Rank ◽  
Food Images

scholarly journals Image database of Japanese food samples with nutrition information

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9206
Author(s):  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Kazusa Minemoto ◽  
Reiko Sawada ◽  
Yoshiko Miyazaki ◽  
Tohru Fushiki
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Image Database ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Subjective Estimates

Background Visual processing of food plays an important role in controlling eating behaviors. Several studies have developed image databases of food to investigate visual food processing. However, few databases include non-Western foods and objective nutrition information on the foods. Methods We developed an image database of Japanese food samples that has detailed nutrition information, including calorie, carbohydrate, fat and protein contents. To validate the database, we presented the images, together with Western food images selected from an existing database and had Japanese participants rate their affective (valence, arousal, liking and wanting) and cognitive (naturalness, recognizability and familiarity) appraisals and estimates of nutrition. Results The results showed that all affective and cognitive appraisals (except arousal) of the Japanese food images were higher than those of Western food. Correlational analyses found positive associations between the objective nutrition information and subjective estimates of the nutrition information, and between the objective calorie/fat content and affective appraisals. Conclusions These data suggest that by using our image database, researchers can investigate the visual processing of Japanese food and the relationships between objective nutrition information and the psychological/neural processing of food.

scholarly journals Development of a Classical Conditioning Task for Humans Examining Phasic Heart Rate Responses to Signaled Appetitive Stimuli: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Sayão ◽  
Heloisa Alves ◽  
Emi Furukawa ◽  
Thomas Schultz Wenk ◽  
Mauricio Cagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Cardiac Deceleration ◽  
Appetitive Stimuli ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Food Images

Cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli have been studied as indices of motivational states and attentional processes, the former being associated with cardiac acceleration and latter deceleration. Very few studies have examined heart rate changes in appetitive classical conditioning in humans. The current study describes the development and pilot testing of a classical conditioning task to assess cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli and cues that reliably precede them. Data from 18 adults were examined. They were shown initially neutral visual stimuli (putative CS) on a computer screen followed by pictures of high-caloric food (US). Phasic cardiac deceleration to food images was observed, consistent with an orienting response to motivationally significant stimuli. Similar responses were observed to non-appetitive stimuli when they were preceded by the cue associated with the food images, suggesting that attentional processes were engaged by conditioned stimuli. These autonomic changes provide significant information about classical conditioning effects in humans.

Resistance reminders: Dieters reduce energy intake after exposure to diet-congruent food images compared to control non-food images

Appetite ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Buckland ◽  
Graham Finlayson ◽  
Rebecca Edge ◽  
Marion M. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Images ◽  
Reduce Energy Intake
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