Toward summarizing case decisions via extracting argument issues, reasons, and conclusions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Xu ◽  
Jaromir Savelka ◽  
Kevin D. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Case Decisions

scholarly journals Penerapan Asas In Dubio Pro Natura dan In Dubio Pro Reo oleh Hakim Perkara Lingkungan Hidup

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-560
Author(s):  
Wahyu Risaldi ◽  
Mujibussalim Mujibussalim ◽  
M. Gaussyah
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Environmental Crimes ◽  
Case Decisions

Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui kesesuaian penerapan asas asas in dubio pro natura dalam putusan perkara lingkungan hidup, dan kemungkinan penerapan asas in dubio pro natura perkara pidana lingkungan hidup. Penerapan asas ini penting karena kerusakan lingkungan hidup akan mengancam umat manusia, sehingga penegakan hukum lingkungan harus dilakukan penegak hukum. Melalui Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, dikenal sistem penegakan melalui suatu asas yang diterapkan oleh hakim, yakni asas in dubio pro natura dan asas in dubio pro reo. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, ditemukan bahwa penerapan asas in dubio pro natura dan in dubio pro reo sesuai dengan tujuan Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Di samping itu, asas in dubio pro natura bisa juga diterapkan dalam perkara pidana. Penerapan asas ini efektif dalam penyelesaikan perkara lingkungan hidup. Implementation of the In Dubio Pro Natura and In Dubio Pro Reo Principles by the Environmental Judges This study aims to find out the suitability application of in dubio pro natura principles in environmental case decisions, and also the possibility of applying it’s principle in environmental crimes. The implementation of this principle is important because environmental damage will threaten humanity, so the enforcement of environmental law must be carried out by law enforcers. Through Environmental Protection and Management Law, it is known as a system of enforcement through principles applied by judges, that are the in dubio pro natura and the in dubio pro reo principles. This is normative research, it was found that the implementation of the in dubio pro natura and in dubio pro reo principles was in accordance with the objectives of the Environmental Protection and Management Law. In addition, the in dubio pro natura principle can also be applied in criminal cases. The implementation of this principle is effective in resolving environmental cases.

The ‘Death’ of Comparative Wage Justice in Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Green
Keyword(s):  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Bargaining ◽  
The Other ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The One ◽  
Low Pay ◽  
Case Decisions

This paper examines the concept and application of comparative wage justice in the transition to a more decentralised wage bargaining system in Australia. Although it is widely assumed that comparative wage justice now has little or no role in the system, the paper demonstrates that it continues to be major factor in the adjustment of wage rates within and between awards, particularly as a result of the national wage case decisions of 1988–89. The question still to be determined is whether it will also have an application to the growing disparities between the award wage structure on the one hand and the outcomes of enterprise bargaining on the other, which are addressed in the ACTU's 1996 ‘New Living Wage Case’. The conclusion of the paper is that failure to apply the concept to these disparities will transform awards and tribunals into a ‘low pay ghetto’ with diminishing relevance to the overall dynamic of wage fixation.

The Living Wage Case: How Tight Were the Economic Constraints on Equity?

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzie Jones ◽  
Tim Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
Majority Decision ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
First Time ◽  
Case Decisions

The Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC) brought down the first stage of the ‘Living Wage’ Case decisions on 22 April 1997. For the first time in nearly 30 years the decision was split. This article analyses the economic rationale for both majority and minority decisions and argues that the majority decision was overly cautious and conservative in its assessment of the economic constraints on the Commission's capacity to award a pay increase to low paid workers.

The Draft Fining Guidelines and the future of antitrust fines in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Sun ◽  
Chenying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Natural Question ◽  
Current Version ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Antimonopoly Law ◽  
Case Decisions

Abstract Fines are a major part of the punishment and deterrence in China’s enforcement of its Antimonopoly Law. China has been drafting antitrust fining guidelines in the past several years and the current version is believed to be close to final. One natural question is: will the antitrust fining guidelines lead to harsher antitrust fines in China’s future enforcement? We attempt to answer this question by assessing whether fine recipients in China’s historical antitrust investigations would have received higher fines according to the Draft Fining Guidelines. Based on a large number of historical non-merger case decisions issued by China’s antitrust agencies through September 2019, our quantitative analysis shows that higher future fines should be expected in the future. We also explore several factors that might explain why historical fines were below the level predicted by the Draft Fining Guidelines.

scholarly journals Penjatuhan Dua Putusan Perkara Pidana Dalam Suatu Objek Perkara Yang Sama

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Prisilia Anggraini Evelyn Terisno ◽  
Yuliana Angela
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Ne Bis In Idem ◽  
Legal Force ◽  
Case Decisions

Indonesia is a state of law, so that it can guarantee certainty, benefit and justice for the community. One form of legal certainty for citizens is the implementation of the principle of ne bis in idem. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the judge's decision on two criminal case decisions in one object of the same case. The research method used in the statute approach is the approach by examining all the laws of the regulation that relate to the legal issues and Conceptual Approach, which is an approach that departs from the views and doctrines that developing in law. The result of this writing is that in a criminal case which is a concursus that is tried separately it is not a violation of the principle of ne bis in idem, as long as each of these cases does not have permanent legal force, but it is supposed to guarantee legal certainty against criminal acts of justice and decided in one decision. Negara Indonesia adalah negara hukum, sehingga dapat menjamin adanya kepastian, kemanfaatan dan keadilan bagi masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk kepastian hukum bagi warga negara yaitu dengan pemberlakuan asas ne bis in idem. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menganalisis putusan hakim terhadap terhadap dua putusan perkara pidana dalam satu objek perkara yang  sama. yaitu tujuan praktis, sehingga dapat diterapkan dalam tindak pidana sejenis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan atau statute approach, adalah pendekatan yang dilakukan dengan menelaah semua undang-undang dari regulasi yang bersangkut paut dengan isu hukum yang sedang dihadapidan Conceptual Approach, yaitu pendekatan yang beranjak dari pandangan-pandangan dan doktrin-doktrin yang berkembang di dalam ilmu hukum. Hasil dari penulisan ini adalah dalam suatu perkara pidana yang merupakan concursus yang diadili secara terpisah bukan merupakan pelanggaran asas ne bis in idem, selama masing-masing perkara tersebut belum memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap, namun sudah seharusnya untuk menjamin kepastian hukum terhadap tindakan pidana concursus untuk diadili dan diputus dalam satu putusan.

The Liebman Board: The NLRA, at Its Heart a Human Rights Law

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Representation Election ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Election Process ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Case Decisions

This chapter emphasizes Chairman Liebman’s Board’s efforts to bring the statute’s workers’ rights emphasis back to life through case decisions, fuller use of the NLRB’s remedy power, and rule-making that would have required most private sector employers to post a notice at the workplace informing workers of their rights under the Act and would have streamlined the NLRB’s representation election process by eliminating unnecessary delays.

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