Abstract
Background: Fragile X syndrome (FXS), tightly related to the morbidity of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a common hereditary syndrome often associated with retardation of intelligence. Some key symptoms of ASD such as anxiety, cognitive impairment and social anxiety disorder are also the predominant features in FXS. Children with ASD are often performed with gastrointestinal symptoms. According to the existing research, with the treatment with Bacteroides Fragilis BF839, mice with ASD will have better performance in communication and social behaviours with less anxiety and perceptual disorder. In this article, we have observed the impact of Bacteroides Fragilis BF839, a well-established Chinese bacteria strain with the human intestine origin, on mice with FXS and their behavioural disorders accordingly. Result: Based on the Open Field test, compared to the Fmr1KO group, mice treated with BF839 showed prolonged staying time in the center of the container. This finding suggests that BF839 can improve Fmr1KO mice's self-exploration behaviour and dented their anxiety. The Elevated Plus Maze test indicated BF839 treated mice presented more activities in entering open arms, prolonged time of staying and significantly less distance travelled at the plus-maze, along with less entering behaviours in the closed arms with less time of staying and more distance travelled. This result proved that with the treatment of BF839, Fmr1KO mice have improved ability in recognizing the surrounding environment and greater senses at detecting danger. Three-box Social Interaction test confirmed that BF839 strengthens the social novelty preference of the Fmr1KO mice, proven by their increasing duration and frequency in social interacting with the stranger mouse. The final experiment named the Pool Maze test presented the result that on the fourth day, BF839 treated mice have shown significantly shortened escape latency. Meanwhile, on Day 5, BF839 treated group performed increasing frequency in passing through the platform, which, along with the shortened escape latency, demonstrated BF839 has the function of improving Fmr1KO mice's cognitive capacity and their ability to extract information from the surrounding environment.Conclusion: Based on the outcome of each test performed, Bacteroides Fragilis BF839 can successfully improve Autism related abnormal behaviours in mice with FXS. Bacteroides Fragilis BF839 can be a potential intervention strategy in treating FXS and ASD safely and effectively.
Autism spectrum disorder in females with fragile X syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence
