scholarly journals Breeding for Disease Resistance in Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Wynne ◽  
M K Beute ◽  
S N Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Potential for Improved Control of Southern Stem Rot of Peanut with Resistance and Fungicides1

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Shew ◽  
M. K. Beute ◽  
J. E. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Disease Loci ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Abstract Potential for improved control of southern stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) was evaluated by combining moderate resistance with fungicide use. Various fungicides including carboxin, oxycarboxin, propiconazol, OAC 3890, and PCNB were applied to peanut lines NC 8C, NC Ac 18016, and Florigiant in North Carolina during 1980, 1981, and 1982. Consistently fewer disease loci occurred on NC Ac 18016 than on NC 8C or Florigiant. At least one fungicide reduced stem rot incidence in two of three years tested, but fungicide use did not result in greater yields. Effects of disease resistance and fungicides on suppression of stem rot development were additive.

scholarly journals Genetic imprints of domestication for disease resistance, oil quality, and yield component traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Khera ◽  
Manish K. Pandey ◽  
Nalini Mallikarjuna ◽  
Manda Sriswathi ◽  
Manish Roorkiwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Yield Component Traits

A Comparison of Methods of Evaluating Resistance to Cylindrocladium crotalariae in Peanut Field Tests1

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Green ◽  
M. K. Beute ◽  
J. C. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Three methods presently used to evaluate disease resistance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) were compared to identify the most efficient method to screen peanut lines in field tests. Forty randomly selected F2 families in the F5 generation from a cross of the CBR-resistant source NC 3033 with NC 6 and the two parents were evaluated for percent dead and diseased plants, root rot index and microsclerotia/g of root. Significant differences were detected between the parents (p = 0.05) and among segregates (familes) (p = 0.01) for percent dead and diseased plants only. Error components exceeded the mean square values for differences among segregates for the root rot index and microsclerotia/g of root resulting in no significant differences among entries for these traits and low to no correlations among traits. Percent dead and diseased plants was concluded to be the best of the three methods for screening peanut lines in the field for CBR resistance.

Geographical Distribution of Genetic Diversity in Arachis hypogaea

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Holbrook ◽  
T. G. Isleib
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The U.S. maintains a large (> 8000 accessions) and genetically diverse collection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm. It is costly to screen all accessions within this collection for traits that could be useful in cultivar development. The objective of this research was to identify countries of origin that are rich sources of resistance to important peanut diseases. This would allow peanut breeders to focus their efforts on smaller subsets of the germplasm collection. Accessions in the peanut core collection were evaluated for resistance to late (Cercosporidium personatum Berk. & M. A. Curtis) and early (Cercospora arachidicola Hori) leaf spot, tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV), the peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1], and Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR)[Cylindrocladium crotalarie (Loos) Bell & Sobers]. These data then were examined to determine if genes for resistance clustered geographically. Several geographical areas that appear to be rich sources for disease-resistant genes were identified. China had a relatively large number of accessions with resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode. Peru appeared to be a rich source of material with resistance to CBR. Resistance to late leaf spot was more frequent than expected in accessions from Bolivia and Ecuador. Bolivia was also a valuable source of resistance to early leaf spot. Early leaf spot resistance also was more prevalent than expected in accessions from India, Nigeria, and Sudan. India, Israel, and Sudan were valuable origins for material with resistance to TSWV. Accessions with multiple disease resistance were most common in India, Mozambique, and Senegal. This information should enable plant breeders to utilize more efficiently the genes for disease resistance that are available in the U.S. germplasm collection.

scholarly journals Web Blotch Resistance in Arachis hypogaea1

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. D. Smith ◽  
D. H. Smith ◽  
C. E. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Small Plot

Abstract Seventeen genotypes of peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., consisting of Spanish, Runner, and Virginia market types were evaluated for resistance to web blotch caused by Phoma arachidicola Marasas, Pauer and Boerema in small plot field tests. Disease ratings were obtained by determining percentages of infected attached leaflets and abscinded leaflets. Marked differences in disease resistance were observed, and three levels of susceptibility were evident. Entries of the Virginia and Runner market types were generally more resistant to web blotch than the Spanish. Definitive yield and grade effects were not discernible, but indications were that yield and kernel size were affected.

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