scholarly journals Detection and Semiquantitative Analysis of Cardiomegaly, Pneumothorax, and Pleural Effusion on Chest Radiographs

2021 ◽  
pp. e200172
Author(s):  
Leilei Zhou ◽  
Xindao Yin ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Yuan Feng ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Semiquantitative Analysis

Chest Sonography

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Acunas ◽  
L. Celik ◽  
A. Acunas
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Chest Sonography ◽  
The Us ◽  
Residual Air ◽  
Echogenic Foci

Ultrasonography was used to evaluate 53 patients with equivocal juxta-diaphragmatic and/or lateral densities in chest radiographs. An air bronchogram, fluid bronchogram, and scattered echogenic foci due to residual air in the consolidated lung parenchyma were used as US criteria of pulmonary parenchymal consolidation. One or more of these signs were observed in 39 patients with a clinical or bacteriologic diagnosis of pneumonia. The US air bronchogram was seen in 32 of the 39 patients (82 %), the fluid bronchogram in 37 patients (94%) and the scattered echogenic foci in 30 (77%). In 14 patients, pleural effusion was diagnosed sonographically and verified by aspiration of fluid. The final diagnoses in these cases were pulmonary tuberculosis in 11 patients, staphylococcal empyema in 2, and tuberculous empyema in one patient. It is concluded that US criteria provide a useful differentiation of pulmonary parenchymal consolidation from pleural effusion.

scholarly journals Superiority of Supervised Machine Learning on Reading Chest X-Rays in Intensive Care Units

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumiko Tanaka ◽  
Taka-aki Nakada ◽  
Nozomi Takahashi ◽  
Takahiro Dozono ◽  
Yuichiro Yoshimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Portable Chest ◽  
Icu Physicians

Purpose: Portable chest radiographs are diagnostically indispensable in intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed to determine if the proposed machine learning technique increased in accuracy as the number of radiograph readings increased and if it was accurate in a clinical setting.Methods: Two independent data sets of portable chest radiographs (n = 380, a single Japanese hospital; n = 1,720, The National Institution of Health [NIH] ChestX-ray8 dataset) were analyzed. Each data set was divided training data and study data. Images were classified as atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumonia, or no emergency. DenseNet-121, as a pre-trained deep convolutional neural network was used and ensemble learning was performed on the best-performing algorithms. Diagnostic accuracy and processing time were compared to those of ICU physicians.Results: In the single Japanese hospital data, the area under the curve (AUC) of diagnostic accuracy was 0.768. The area under the curve (AUC) of diagnostic accuracy significantly improved as the number of radiograph readings increased from 25 to 100% in the NIH data set. The AUC was higher than 0.9 for all categories toward the end of training with a large sample size. The time to complete 53 radiographs by machine learning was 70 times faster than the time taken by ICU physicians (9.66 s vs. 12 min). The diagnostic accuracy was higher by machine learning than by ICU physicians in most categories (atelectasis, AUC 0.744 vs. 0.555, P < 0.05; pleural effusion, 0.856 vs. 0.706, P < 0.01; pneumonia, 0.720 vs. 0.744, P = 0.88; no emergency, 0.751 vs. 0.698, P = 0.47).Conclusions: We developed an automatic detection system for portable chest radiographs in ICU setting; its performance was superior and quite faster than ICU physicians.

scholarly journals Pathological Findings in Chest Radiographs of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Siti Nurhayati Utami ◽  
Hanna Marsinta Uli ◽  
Indri Seta Septadina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Aortic Arch Calcification

Chronic kidney disease is a condition in which there is destruction of the kidneys along with structural or functional abnormalities, with or without decreased glomerular filtration rate for more than 3 months. The common treatment for this condition is hemodialysis, however, it may cause complications, specifically cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular system dysfunctions that can be observed through thorax imaging. This study aims to observe pathologic thorax imaging findings on chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. This study is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional design. The data is gathered from medical records from the Medical Records & Radiology Department of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang that have passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data is processed using the SPSS application version 25. The results of this study indicate that, based on risk factors, patients are generally in the 55-64 age range (41%), female (60%), and with a normal BMI/normal weight (52%). Based on the patients’ comorbid diseases, patients mostly have hypertension (59%), followed by diabetes mellitus (46%). Analysis of the chest radiographs indicate that (70%) of patients have cardiomegaly; (22%) of patients have grade 1, (15%) have grade 2, (7%) have grade 3 aortic arch calcification; (49%) have pulmonary edema; (31%) have unilateral pleural effusion, and (14%) have bilateral pleural effusion.  The majority of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang are in the 55-64 age range, female, and with normal BMI. The most common comorbid conditions are hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Analysis of the chest radiographs indicate that the majority of patients have cardiomegaly; grade 1, 2, and 3 aortic arch calcification; pulmonary edema; unilateral and bilateral pleural effusion.

Automatic detection of pleural effusion in chest radiographs

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragnya Maduskar ◽  
Rick H.M.M. Philipsen ◽  
Jaime Melendez ◽  
Ernst Scholten ◽  
Duncan Chanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Chest Radiographs

Chylothorax Associated With a Congenital Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia in a Dog

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Weber Schmiedt ◽  
Kate F. Washabaugh ◽  
Deepa B. Rao ◽  
Rebecca L. Stepien
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Respiratory Effort ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Cisterna Chyli ◽  
Computed Tomographic Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peritoneopericardial Diaphragmatic Hernia

A 2-year-old dog was presented with a 3-month history of increasing respiratory effort and rate, inappetence, and lethargy. Chest radiographs demonstrated significant pleural effusion, which was consistent with chyle on biochemical and cytological evaluations. Further diagnostic evaluation, including a thoracic computed tomographic scan, revealed a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) resulting in a large, fat-attenuating mass within the pericardium. The dog was taken to surgery for repair of the PPDH, pericardectomy, and cisterna chyli ablation. Rapid and permanent resolution of the chylothorax occurred postoperatively. This is the first reported case of chylothorax secondary to PPDH.

A Case of SAA with Secondary Hemochromatosis: Can Continuous Iron Chelation Reverse Both Bone Marrow and Multiple Organ Failures?.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3728-3728
Author(s):  
Soo-Jeong Park ◽  
Chi-Wha Han
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Gonadal Dysfunction ◽  
Organ Failures

Abstract A 24-year-old male patient with hemochromatosis due to multiple packed red blood cell transfusions, was referred to our emergeny center for a treatment of severe aplastic anemia and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with aplastic anemia at the age of 11 and had developed a transfusional hemochromatosis after 5 years of multiple blood transfusions. He had dilated cardiomyopathy with ejection fraction of 4 % requiring diuretics and digitalis, multiple endocrine dysfunctions (hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia, cataract, and intracranial calcifications, diabetes, and gonadal dysfunction), liver dysfunction, generalized bleeding, and skin pigmentation (Fig.1-left). A total volume of packed red blood cell transfusion before deferoxamine therapy was about 96,000 ml and the number of transfused units of platelet concentrates were innumerable. He had received regular iron chelation therapy (continous intravenous infusion of deferoxamine, 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days q 3–4 weeks) for 7 years after multiple organ failures. His cytopenias and organ dysfunctions (heart, liver and skin) began to recover progressively in 2002, after four years of deferoxamine therapy. He had had complete normal ranges of his peripheral blood cell counts, heart size, and liver function two years ago (Fig.1-right & Fig.2). He has not received any transfusions for the last four years. This finding suggests that continuous deferoxamine infusion may play a role in immune regulation in addition to iron chelation effect. Figure 1. Posteroanterior chest radiographs reveal a marked cardiomegaly with right pleural effusion before the treatment (left) and a normalized heart after the deferoxamine therapy (right). Figure 1. Posteroanterior chest radiographs reveal a marked cardiomegaly with right pleural effusion before the treatment (left) and a normalized heart after the deferoxamine therapy (right). Figure 2. Hemoglobin changes and clinical course. Figure 2. Hemoglobin changes and clinical course.

Spontaneous left cranial lung lobe torsion in a 17-year-old bitch

2020 ◽  
Vol XXV (146) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Isabella de Almeida Fabris ◽  
Ayne Murata Hayashi ◽  
Patrícia Bonifácio Flôr ◽  
Silvana Maria Unruh ◽  
Jamile Macedo Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Venous Congestion ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Lung Lobectomy

Lung lobe torsion is one of the causes of dyspnea and respiratory changes in dogs. Twisting of the bronchovascular hilum on its axis, leads to loss of function and metabolic and physiological changes that result in necrosis of the affected lobe. Atelectasis, venous congestion, and pleural effusion secondary to the lobe torsion are responsible for the clinical signs. Chest radiographs or CT scan are used to confirm the diagnosis. In rare cases confirmation is done by exploratory thoracotomy. The prognosis is good after removal of the affected lung lobe. We report a case of left cranial lung lobe torsion in a 17-year-old bitch, successfully treated by lung lobectomy.

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